虛擬機器Linux下Oracle11g客戶端安裝
伺服器：Windows Server 2008
Oracle資料庫版本：Oracle11g
本機系統：Winows 7專業版
虛擬機器：VMware Workstation
虛擬機器系統：CentOs-6.2
step0: 軟體下載
分別下載三個檔案：
或者
step1: 建立3個客戶端安裝目錄
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/lib
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/sdk
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/network/admin
注：建立三個客戶端的安裝目錄,這三個目錄可以自定義，但配置環境變數時，需要一致
step2: 檔案解壓
[[email protected] Downloads]# unzip instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-11.2.0.3.0.zip
[[email protected] Downloads]# unzip instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-11.2.0.3.0.zip
（注1：這兩個檔案都會預設的解壓到同一個目錄instantclient_11_2下面。）
[[email protected] Downloads]# cp -Rf instantclient_11_2/* /opt/oracle/lib/ #
[[email protected] Downloads]# unzip instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.3.0
（注2：這個檔案也會預設的解壓到同一個目錄instantclient_11_2下面，且解壓後的檔案都在sdk目錄下。）
[[email protected] instantclient_11_2]# cp -Rf sdk/* /opt/oracle/sdk/ #將目錄下的所有檔案拷貝到/opt/oracle/sdk/
step3: 配置環境變數
[[email protected] Downloads]vim /etc/profile #
末尾加入：
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/oracle/lib
儲存並退出。然後，
[[email protected] tmp]# source /etc/profile #使配置檔案立刻生效
[[email protected] tmp]# echo $ORACLE_HOME #檢視一下配置的環境變數是否成功
/opt/oracle
step4: 配置監聽器和網路環境
因為本地沒有安裝oracle 資料庫，所以需要從安裝oracle 資料庫的目錄取三個檔案過來。一般位於Oracle資料庫服務端，路徑位於：
*:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN
三個檔名分別為：listener.ora，sqlnet.ora，tnsnames.ora
將其放置在：/opt/oracle/network/admin
[[email protected] admin]# pwd
/opt/oracle/network/admin
[[email protected] admin]# ls
listener.ora sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora //就這三個檔案，放到這個目錄下
step5: 修改step4中的三個檔案
原檔案格式如下：
[[email protected] admin]#vim listener.ora ########### 原檔案A
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
(ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = WIN-V1FEBFA7UA0)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = E:\app\Administrator
[[email protected] admin]#vim sqlnet.ora ########### 原檔案B
# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)
NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)
[[email protected] admin]#vim tnsnames.ora ########### 原檔案C
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.194.224.110)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
修改後的檔案如下：
[[email protected] admin]#vim listener.ora ########### 原檔案A
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = \opt\oracle) ## 改動1：改為了剛才配置的$ORACLE_HOME
(PROGRAM = extproc)
) ## 改動2：刪除的無關部分
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.194.224.110)(PORT = 1521))
#10.194.224.110 IP地址, 埠號：1521
)
) ## 改動3：刪除的無關部分
[[email protected] admin]#vim sqlnet.ora ########### 原檔案B（無需改動）
# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)
NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)
[[email protected] admin]#vim tnsnames.ora ########### 原檔案C
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.194.224.110)(PORT = 1521))
// 註釋：10.194.224.110 IP地址, 埠號：1521
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
## 改動4：以下語句到末尾，語句為新增。
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = PLSExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
step6：測試。
[[email protected] lib]# ./sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Dec 21 00:47:49 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: yuanmin
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options……
呼叫成功！