Linux 下安裝 Elasticsearch5.6.x 詳細步驟以及踩坑解決方案
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-29
簡介
網上有各種ES版本的安裝步驟和問題解決方案，但是在安裝過程中還是遇到了許多問題，那麼今天來整理一份詳細的安裝過程以及碰到的問題和心得；有什麼不對的和問題希望大家留言一起討論。
- jdk至少需要在1.8.0_73以上版本。
- linux的核心版本需要在2.6以上(我用的是centos7.x)
一、下載elasticsearch
cd /usr/local
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.6.7.tar.gz
下載成功日誌輸出
--2018-10-31 10:36:28-- https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.6.7.tar.gz Resolving artifacts.elastic.co... 54.235.82.130, 184.72.242.47, 54.235.171.120, ... Connecting to artifacts.elastic.co|54.235.82.130|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 33789994 (32M) [binary/octet-stream] Saving to: “elasticsearch-5.6.7.tar.gz” 100%[==========================================================>] 33,789,994 7.51M/s in 4.7s 2018-10-31 10:36:35 (6.83 MB/s) - “elasticsearch-5.6.7.tar.gz” saved [33789994/33789994]
二、解壓安裝
解壓命令
tar -zxvf elasticsearch-5.6.7.tar.gz
解壓成功日誌輸出
[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf elasticsearch-5.6.7.tar.gz elasticsearch-5.6.7/ elasticsearch-5.6.7/lib/ elasticsearch-5.6.7/lib/elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar elasticsearch-5.6.7/lib/lucene-core-6.6.1.jar elasticsearch-5.6.7/lib/lucene-analyzers-common-6.6.1.jar elasticsearch-5.6.7/lib/lucene-backward-codecs-6.6.1.jar 省略.................. elasticsearch-5.6.7/modules/percolator/plugin-descriptor.properties elasticsearch-5.6.7/modules/percolator/percolator-5.6.7.jar elasticsearch-5.6.7/modules/aggs-matrix-stats/ elasticsearch-5.6.7/modules/aggs-matrix-stats/plugin-descriptor.properties elasticsearch-5.6.7/modules/aggs-matrix-stats/aggs-matrix-stats-5.6.7.jar elasticsearch-5.6.7/plugins/
修改資料夾（方便尋找）
mv elasticsearch-5.6.7 elasticsearch
三、配置檔案
1、配置檔案說明
jvm.options 虛擬機器引數配置檔案 配置heap記憶體一樣 elasticsearch.yml 主配置檔案 cluster.name 叢集名稱，同一個網段自動加入 node.name 節點名稱 http.port http埠 預設情況下，Elastic 只允許本機訪問，如果需要遠端訪問，可以修改 Elastic 安裝目錄的config/elasticsearch.yml檔案，去掉network.host的註釋，將它的值改成0.0.0.0，然後重新啟動 Elastic。
2、進入配置檔案目錄
在memory下新增如下
bootstrap.memory_lock: false
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
退出儲存後執行如下命令:
sysctl -p
3、修改如下檔案
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
在檔案末尾新增如下程式碼
# testes為登入伺服器的使用者名稱
testes soft nofile 65536
testes hard nofile 65536
testes soft nproc 4096
testes hard nproc 4096
4、建立testes 使用者(root使用者不能啟動elasticsearch)
useradd testes
passwd 你的密碼
按提示輸入兩次密碼：你的密碼
5、授權
cd /root
sudo chown -R python elasticsearch
sudo chgrp -R python elasticsearch
6、切換使用者
su - python
四、啟動elasticsearch
1：控制檯啟動(ctrl+c 後停止)：
./bin/elasticsearch
1：控制檯啟動(ctrl+c 後停止)：
./bin/elasticsearch -d
五、訪問elasticsearch
http://101.132.243.207:9200/
結果
六、踩坑
1、root 許可權下啟動elasticsearch 錯誤
錯誤資訊
[[email protected] elasticsearch]# ./bin/elasticsearch
[2018-10-31T16:06:43,042][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [] uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:136) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:106) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:195) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:342) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
... 6 more
由於ElasticSearch可以接收使用者的指令碼並執行，處於安全性考慮，建議建立一個單獨的使用者來執行ElasticSearch。當然，可以通過配置來實現root使用者啟動。
修改bin目錄elasticsearch.in.sh檔案中追加（不過不建議）：
JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -Des.insecure.allow.root=true"
2、max virutal memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]
原因：主要是因為ES使用的虛擬記憶體大小跟linux預設的大小不一樣，預設的太小，需要配置更大一點
解決辦法:
1、切換到root使用者修改配置sysctl.conf
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
新增下面配置:
vm.max_map_count=655360
並執行命令:
sysctl -p
然後,重新啟動elasticsearch,即可啟動成功。
3、外網訪問失敗
修改配置elasticsearch.yml
network.host: 0.0.0.0
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
#
#network.host: 192.168.0.1
network.host: 0.0.0.0
#
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
#
#http.port: 9200
4、unknown setting [vm.max_map_count] please check that any required plugins a
報錯資訊
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: unknown setting [vm.max_map_count] please check that any required plugins are installed, or check the breaking changes documentation for removed settings
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.AbstractScopedSettings.validate(AbstractScopedSettings.java:293) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.AbstractScopedSettings.validate(AbstractScopedSettings.java:256) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.SettingsModule.<init>(SettingsModule.java:139) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:344) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:245) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap$5.<init>(Bootstrap.java:233) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:233) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:342) [elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) [elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123) [elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70) [elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) [elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) [elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) [elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84) [elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:5.6.7]
[2018-10-31T15:23:15,809][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [] uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: unknown setting [vm.max_map_count] please check that any required plugins are installed, or check the breaking changes documentation for removed settings
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:136) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.7.jar:
省略。。。。。
原因：在elasticsearch.yml 檔案配置了 vm.max_map_count=262144