Spring 5 Mvc 零配置檔案/Java Config 環境搭建(排坑之旅)
初學Spring 5 Mvc 零配置檔案/Java Config(排坑之旅)
最近,複習web專案,比如spring + spring mvc + spring data
執行環境是:jdk 1.8 + tomcat
編譯工具:IntelliJ IDEA 2018.1
在配置上,是採用的配置檔案,因為我覺得可能因為程式碼潔癖和學習spring mvc 的新特性。
1.既然是學Spring mvc 配置 首先要知道這是什麼 為什麼要用 以下是我淺薄的理解:
傳統web 專案 多是用JSP 、Servlet + JDBC 直接搞定:轉發 重定向 (頁面) 資料傳輸寫在一起,導致意圖很清,但是程式碼結構可能會不容易整理。
所以Mvc 出現 :model(實體been) view(分清是請求靜態資源還是介面) controller(接收請求 並處理返回值的介面)。這樣的層級會讓程式碼思路清晰。並且還很容易處理安全的問題。
2.然後spring 接受請求訪問的流程:
自己的淺薄的見解:
3.閒話少說上配置吧:
配置入口 web.xml:
public class SpittrWebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
//配置DispatcherServlet對映到 '/' 什麼情況進入DispatherServlet
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[]{"/"};
}
//spring 注入bean
@Override
protected Class[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{RootConfig.class};
}
//spring mvc 配置
@Override
protected Class[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[]{WebConfig.class};
}
@Override
protected Filter[] getServletFilters () {//註冊過濾器
CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
characterEncodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
characterEncodingFilter.setForceEncoding(true);
return new Filter[]{new HiddenHttpMethodFilter(), characterEncodingFilter};
}
}
Spring配置:
@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = {"rainJob.com.dao"})
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"rainJob.com"}, excludeFilters = {@Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, value = {EnableWebMvc.class,RestController.class,Controller.class,Repository.class})})
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class RootConfig {
//建議存在properties檔案下
public static final String url = "jdbc:mysql://x7.93.15.203:3306/rainJob?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false";
public static final String name = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
public static final String user = "root";
public static final String password = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
/**
* dozer 配置 用於動態解析實體bean
* @return
*/
@Bean(name = "org.dozer.Mapper")
public DozerBeanMapper dozer() {
List<String> mappingFiles = new ArrayList<>();
mappingFiles.add("dozer/dozer-mappings-user.xml");
DozerBeanMapper dozerBean = new DozerBeanMapper();
dozerBean.setMappingFiles(mappingFiles);
return dozerBean;
}
//資料來源 spring 下的自帶jdbc的連結資料來源
@Bean
public DriverManagerDataSource dataSource() {
DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClassName(name);
dataSource.setUrl(url);
dataSource.setUsername(user);
dataSource.setPassword(password);
return dataSource;
}
//獲取sessionFactory
@Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(DriverManagerDataSource dataSource, JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter) {
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean localSession = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
localSession.setDataSource(dataSource);
localSession.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
localSession.setPackagesToScan("rainJob.com.entity");
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy", "org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy");
properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect");
properties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");
properties.setProperty("hibernate.format", "true");
properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "update");
localSession.setJpaProperties(properties);
return localSession;
}
//jpa規範
@Bean
public JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter() {
HibernateJpaVendorAdapter adapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
adapter.setShowSql(true);
adapter.setDatabase(Database.MYSQL);
adapter.setGenerateDdl(false);
adapter.setDatabasePlatform("org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect");
return adapter;
}
//事務
@Bean
public JpaTransactionManager transactionManager(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBean) {
JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactoryBean.getObject());
return transactionManager;
}
@Bean
public BeanPostProcessor paPostProcessor() {
return new PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor();
}
@Bean
public BeanPostProcessor persistenceTranslation() {
return new PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor();
}
}
Spring Mvc配置:
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc //相當於 <mvc:annotation-driven/>
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"rainJob.com.controller"})
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
// 配置預設的defaultServlet處理
// <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
@Override
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
// 配置靜態資源處理
configurer.enable("default");//對靜態資源的請求轉發到容器預設的servlet,而不使用DispatcherServlet
}
//請求url(spring的url)對映到control的配置
// @Override
// public RequestMappingHandlerMapping requestMappingHandlerMapping() {
// RequestMappingHandlerMapping requestMappingHandlerMapping = super.requestMappingHandlerMapping();
// requestMappingHandlerMapping.setUseSuffixPatternMatch(false);
// requestMappingHandlerMapping.setUseTrailingSlashMatch(false);
// return requestMappingHandlerMapping;
// }
/**
* 這是定義一個ParameterizableViewController呼叫時立即轉到檢視的快捷方式。
* 如果在檢視生成響應之前沒有Java控制器邏輯要執行,則在靜態情況下使用它。
* <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="home"/>
* @param registry
*/
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("home");
}
/**
* 靜態資源訪問控制:假如defaultServlet 沒有過濾到接收的靜態資源是會報404的
* 配置addResourceHandlers 不能繼承WebMvcConfigurationSupport
* 因為它擁有子類DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration 已經重寫了這個方法。所以執行時,在它方法debug的時候,
* 發現我寫的方法一點用都沒 注意!!!
* 下面相當於
* <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/statics/" />
* 支援location="classpath:xxxxx"
* @param registry
*/
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addResourceHandler("/statics/**").addResourceLocations("/statics/");
}
// 配置jsp檢視解析器
@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/");
resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
resolver.setOrder(2);//設定優先順序
resolver.setCache(false);
return resolver;
}
@Bean //Thymeleaf檢視解析器
public ViewResolver thymeleafViewResolver(TemplateEngine templateEngine) {
ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
viewResolver.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
viewResolver.setCache(false);//去掉快取
viewResolver.setOrder(1);//設定優先順序
viewResolver.setCacheUnresolved(false);
return viewResolver;
}
@Bean //模板引擎
public TemplateEngine templateEngine(SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver) {
SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
templateEngine.clearTemplateCache();
return templateEngine;
}
/* @Override 簡單配置模板
public void configureViewResolvers(ViewResolverRegistry registry) {
registry.enableContentNegotiation(new MappingJackson2JsonView());
registry.jsp();
}*/
@Bean
public SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver() { //模板解析器
SpringResourceTemplateResolver templateResolver = new SpringResourceTemplateResolver();
templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/");
templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
templateResolver.setOrder(1);
templateResolver.setCacheable(false);
templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
return templateResolver;
}
}
當你做完配置執行後,你會發現,無論你改掉什麼靜態資源,前端都不會相應的顯示。
我覺得是在你專案執行的時候,靜態資源和class檔案 都已經在tomcat webapps 所以只能重新執行才能改變顯示。
然後我就在想能不能像eclipse 那樣在虛擬路徑直接裝填類呢。
然後對使用工具IntelliJ IDEA進行一些查閱資料:
如上圖,假如沒有update classes and resources 按下圖選擇操作:
然後就有了。
以後執行專案會自動生成到虛擬目錄,不需要任何外掛就能在專案改動的時候,自動裝填,可能時間有時差。但是也滿足了即改即顯示的心裡
生成的虛擬目錄(是不含有war 解壓的class 檔案和靜態檔案):
C:\Users\使用者名稱\對應版本的idea\system\tomcat 例如:C:\Users\syxy37.IntelliJIdea2018.1\system\tomcat
然後有自動生成的 web.xml
C:\Users\syxy37.IntelliJIdea2018.1\system\tomcat\Unnamed_rainJob_4\conf\Catalina\localhost\Root.xml 裡有war 解壓的class 檔案和靜態檔案的指向