感覺這東西跟mongodb差不多，安裝和佈置挺簡單，
下載地址：https://github.com/dmajkic/redis/downloads 下載下來的包裡有兩個，
一個是32位的，一個是64位的。根據自己的實情情況選擇，我的是64bit，
把這個資料夾複製到其它地方，比如E:\TRS\redis目錄下。
開啟一個cmd視窗  使用cd命令切換目錄到E:\TRS\redis 執行 redis-server.exe redis.conf
如果想方便的話，可以把redis的路徑加到系統的環境變數裡，這樣就省得再輸路徑了，後面的那個redis.conf可以省略，如果省略，會啟用預設的。輸入之後，會顯示如下介面：

這時候別啟一個cmd視窗，原來的不要關閉，不然就無法訪問服務端了
切換到redis目錄下執行 redis-cli.exe -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 出現下圖：

這時候，就已經完成配置了，現在說下它的的redis.conf配置檔案。下面是相關項的說明，

# Redis configuration file example

 

# Note on units: when memory size is needed, it is possible to specifiy

# it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth:

#

# 1k => 1000 bytes

# 1kb => 1024 bytes

# 1m => 1000000 bytes

# 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes

# 1g => 1000000000 bytes

# 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes

#

# units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same.

 

# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.

# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.

daemonize no  

Redis預設不是以守護程序的方式執行，可以通過該配置項修改，使用yes啟用守護程序

 

# When running daemonized, Redis writes a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid by

# default. You can specify a custom pid file location here.

pidfile /var/run/redis.pid

當Redis以守護程序方式執行時，Redis預設會把pid寫入/var/run/redis.pid檔案，可以通過pidfile指定

# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379.

# If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.

port 6379

指定Redis監聽埠，預設埠為6379

# If you want you can bind a single interface, if the bind option is not

# specified all the interfaces will listen for incoming connections.

#

# bind 127.0.0.1

繫結的主機地址

# Specify the path for the unix socket that will be used to listen for

# incoming connections. There is no default, so Redis will not listen

# on a unix socket when not specified.

#

# unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock

# unixsocketperm 755

 

# Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)

timeout 0

當 客戶端閒置多長時間後關閉連線，如果指定為0，表示關閉該功能

# Set server verbosity to 'debug'

# it can be one of:

# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)

# verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)

# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)

# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)

loglevel verbose

指定日誌記錄級別，Redis總共支援四個級別：debug、verbose、notice、warning，預設為verbose

# Specify the log file name. Also 'stdout' can be used to force

# Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard

# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null

logfile stdout

日誌記錄方式，預設為標準輸出，如果配置Redis為守護程序方式執行，而這裡又配置為日誌記錄方式為標準輸出，則日誌將會發送給/dev/null

# To enable logging to the system logger, just set 'syslog-enabled' to yes,

# and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs.

# syslog-enabled no

 

# Specify the syslog identity.

# syslog-ident redis

 

# Specify the syslog facility.  Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7.

# syslog-facility local0

 

# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select

# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where

# dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1

databases 16

設定資料庫的數量，預設資料庫為0，可以使用SELECT <dbid>命令在連線上指定資料庫id

################################ SNAPSHOTTING  #################################

#

# Save the DB on disk:

#

#   save <seconds> <changes>

#

#   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given

#   number of write operations against the DB occurred.

#

#   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:

#   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed

#   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed

#   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed

#

#   Note: you can disable saving at all commenting all the "save" lines.

 

save 900 1

save 300 10

save 60 10000

分別表示900秒（15分鐘）內有1個更改，300秒（5分鐘）內有10個更改以及60秒內有10000個更改。

指定在多長時間內，有多少次更新操作，就將資料同步到資料檔案，可以多個條件配合

# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?

# For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.

# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but

# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.

rdbcompression yes

指定儲存至本地資料庫時是否壓縮資料，預設為yes，Redis採用LZF壓縮，如果為了節省CPU時間，可以關閉該選項，但會導致資料庫檔案變的巨大

# The filename where to dump the DB

dbfilename dump.rdb

指定本地資料庫檔名，預設值為dump.rdb

# The working directory.

#

# The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified

# above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive.

# 

# Also the Append Only File will be created inside this directory.

# 

# Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.

dir ./

指定本地資料庫存放目錄

################################# REPLICATION #################################

 

# Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of

# another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave

# so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a

# different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.

#

# slaveof <masterip> <masterport>

slaveof <masterip> <masterport> 設定當本機為slav服務時，設定master服務的IP地址及埠，在Redis啟動時，它會自動從master進行資料同步

# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration

# directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before

# starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will

# refuse the slave request.

#

# masterauth <master-password>

masterauth <master-password> 當master服務設定了密碼保護時，slav服務連線master的密碼

# When a slave lost the connection with the master, or when the replication

# is still in progress, the slave can act in two different ways:

#

# 1) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the slave will

#    still reply to client requests, possibly with out of data data, or the

#    data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization.

#

# 2) if slave-serve-stale data is set to 'no' the slave will reply with

#    an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands

#    but to INFO and SLAVEOF.

#

slave-serve-stale-data yes

 

# Slaves send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It's possible to change

# this interval with the repl_ping_slave_period option. The default value is 10

# seconds.

#

# repl-ping-slave-period 10

 

# The following option sets a timeout for both Bulk transfer I/O timeout and

# master data or ping response timeout. The default value is 60 seconds.

#

# It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value

# specified for repl-ping-slave-period otherwise a timeout will be detected

# every time there is low traffic between the master and the slave.

#

# repl-timeout 60

 

################################## SECURITY ###################################

 

# Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other

# commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust

# others with access to the host running redis-server.

#

# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most

# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).

# 

# Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to

# 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should

# use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.

#

# requirepass foobared

 requirepass foobared 設定Redis連線密碼，如果配置了連線密碼，客戶端在連線Redis時需要通過AUTH <password>命令提供密碼，預設關閉

# Command renaming.

#

# It is possilbe to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared

# environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something

# of hard to guess so that it will be still available for internal-use

# tools but not available for general clients.

#

# Example:

#

# rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52

#

# It is also possilbe to completely kill a command renaming it into

# an empty string:

#

# rename-command CONFIG ""

 

################################### LIMITS ####################################

 

# Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default there

# is no limit, and it's up to the number of file descriptors the Redis process

# is able to open. The special value '0' means no limits.

# Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending

# an error 'max number of clients reached'.

#

# maxclients 128

maxclients 128 設定同一時間最大客戶端連線數，預設無限制，Redis可以同時開啟的客戶端連線數為Redis程序可以開啟的最大檔案描述符數，如果設定 maxclients 0，表示不作限制。當客戶端連線數到達限制時，Redis會關閉新的連線並向客戶端返回max number of clients reached錯誤資訊

# Don't use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.

# When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys with an

# EXPIRE set. It will try to start freeing keys that are going to expire

# in little time and preserve keys with a longer time to live.

# Redis will also try to remove objects from free lists if possible.

#

# If all this fails, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands

# that will use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue

# to reply to most read-only commands like GET.

#

# WARNING: maxmemory can be a good idea mainly if you want to use Redis as a

# 'state' server or cache, not as a real DB. When Redis is used as a real

# database the memory usage will grow over the weeks, it will be obvious if

# it is going to use too much memory in the long run, and you'll have the time

# to upgrade. With maxmemory after the limit is reached you'll start to get

# errors for write operations, and this may even lead to DB inconsistency.

#

# maxmemory <bytes>

 maxmemory <bytes>指定Redis最大記憶體限制，Redis在啟動時會把資料載入到記憶體中，達到最大記憶體後，Redis會先嚐試清除已到期或即將到期的Key，當此方法處理 後，仍然到達最大記憶體設定，將無法再進行寫入操作，但仍然可以進行讀取操作。Redis新的vm機制，會把Key存放記憶體，Value會存放在swap區

# MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory

# is reached? You can select among five behavior:

# 

# volatile-lru -> remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm

# allkeys-lru -> remove any key accordingly to the LRU algorithm

# volatile-random -> remove a random key with an expire set

# allkeys->random -> remove a random key, any key

# volatile-ttl -> remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)

# noeviction -> don't expire at all, just return an error on write operations

# 

# Note: with all the kind of policies, Redis will return an error on write

#       operations, when there are not suitable keys for eviction.

#

#       At the date of writing this commands are: set setnx setex append

#       incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd

#       sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby

#       zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby

#       getset mset msetnx exec sort

#

# The default is:

#

# maxmemory-policy volatile-lru

 

# LRU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated

# algorithms (in order to save memory), so you can select as well the sample

# size to check. For instance for default Redis will check three keys and

# pick the one that was used less recently, you can change the sample size

# using the following configuration directive.

#

# maxmemory-samples 3

 

############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################

 

# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. If you can live

# with the idea that the latest records will be lost if something like a crash

# happens this is the preferred way to run Redis. If instead you care a lot

# about your data and don't want to that a single record can get lost you should

# enable the append only mode: when this mode is enabled Redis will append

# every write operation received in the file appendonly.aof. This file will

# be read on startup in order to rebuild the full dataset in memory.

#

# Note that you can have both the async dumps and the append only file if you

# like (you have to comment the "save" statements above to disable the dumps).

# Still if append only mode is enabled Redis will load the data from the

# log file at startup ignoring the dump.rdb file.

#

# IMPORTANT: Check the BGREWRITEAOF to check how to rewrite the append

# log file in background when it gets too big.

 

appendonly no

appendonly no指定是否在每次更新操作後進行日誌記錄，Redis在預設情況下是非同步的把資料寫入磁碟，如果不開啟，可能會在斷電時導致一段時間內的資料丟失。因為 redis本身同步資料檔案是按上面save條件來同步的，所以有的資料會在一段時間內只存在於記憶體中。預設為no

# The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")

# appendfilename appendonly.aof

 appendfilename appendonly.aof指定更新日誌檔名，預設為appendonly.aof

# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk

# instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush 

# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.

#

# Redis supports three different modes:

#

# no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.

# always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.

# everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise.

#

# The default is "everysec" that's usually the right compromise between

# speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to

# "no" that will will let the operating system flush the output buffer when

# it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of

# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),

# or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than

# everysec.

#

# If unsure, use "everysec".

 

# appendfsync always

appendfsync everysec

# appendfsync no

指定更新日誌條件，共有3個可選值：

no：表示等作業系統進行資料快取同步到磁碟（快）

always：表示每次更新操作後手動呼叫fsync()將資料寫到磁碟（慢，安全）

everysec：表示每秒同步一次（折衷，預設值）

# When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec, and a background

# saving process (a background save or AOF log background rewriting) is

# performing a lot of I/O against the disk, in some Linux configurations

# Redis may block too long on the fsync() call. Note that there is no fix for

# this currently, as even performing fsync in a different thread will block

# our synchronous write(2) call.

#

# In order to mitigate this problem it's possible to use the following option

# that will prevent fsync() from being called in the main process while a

# BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress.

#

# This means that while another child is saving the durability of Redis is

# the same as "appendfsync none", that in pratical terms means that it is

# possible to lost up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario (with the

# default Linux settings).

# 

# If you have latency problems turn this to "yes". Otherwise leave it as

# "no" that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability.

no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no

 

# Automatic rewrite of the append only file.

# Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling

# BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size will growth by the specified percentage.

# 

# This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the

# latest rewrite (or if no rewrite happened since the restart, the size of

# the AOF at startup is used).

#

# This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is

# bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also

# you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this

# is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase

# is reached but it is still pretty small.

#

# Specify a precentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF

# rewrite feature.

 

auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100

auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb

 

################################## SLOW LOG ###################################

 

# The Redis Slow Log is a system to log queries that exceeded a specified

# execution time. The execution time does not include the I/O operations

# like talking with the client, sending the reply and so forth,

# but just the time needed to actually execute the command (this is the only

# stage of command execution where the thread is blocked and can not serve

# other requests in the meantime).

# 

# You can configure the slow log with two parameters: one tells Redis

# what is the execution time, in microseconds, to exceed in order for the

# command to get logged, and the other parameter is the length of the

# slow log. When a new command is logged the oldest one is removed from the

# queue of logged commands.

 

# The following time is expressed in microseconds, so 1000000 is equivalent

# to one second. Note that a negative number disables the slow log, while

# a value of zero forces the logging of every command.

slowlog-log-slower-than 10000

 

# There is no limit to this length. Just be aware that it will consume memory.

# You can reclaim memory used by the slow log with SLOWLOG RESET.

slowlog-max-len 1024

 

################################ VIRTUAL MEMORY ###############################

 

### WARNING! Virtual Memory is deprecated in Redis 2.4

### The use of Virtual Memory is strongly discouraged.

 

### WARNING! Virtual Memory is deprecated in Redis 2.4

### The use of Virtual Memory is strongly discouraged.

 

# Virtual Memory allows Redis to work with datasets bigger than the actual

# amount of RAM needed to hold the whole dataset in memory.

# In order to do so very used keys are taken in memory while the other keys

# are swapped into a swap file, similarly to what operating systems do

# with memory pages.

#

# To enable VM just set 'vm-enabled' to yes, and set the following three

# VM parameters accordingly to your needs.

 

vm-enabled no

指定是否啟用虛擬記憶體機制，預設值為no，簡單的介紹一下，VM機制將資料分頁存放，由Redis將訪問量較少的頁即冷資料swap到磁碟上，訪問多的頁面由磁碟自動換出到記憶體中（在後面的文章我會仔細分析Redis的VM機制）

# vm-enabled yes

 

# This is the path of the Redis swap file. As you can guess, swap files

# can't be shared by different Redis instances, so make sure to use a swap

# file for every redis process you are running. Redis will complain if the

# swap file is already in use.

#

# The best kind of storage for the Redis swap file (that's accessed at random) 

# is a Solid State Disk (SSD).

#

# *** WARNING *** if you are using a shared hosting the default of putting

# the swap file under /tmp is not secure. Create a dir with access granted

# only to Redis user and configure Redis to create the swap file there.

vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap

虛擬記憶體檔案路徑，預設值為/tmp/redis.swap，不可多個Redis例項共享

# vm-max-memory configures the VM to use at max the specified amount of

# RAM. Everything that deos not fit will be swapped on disk *if* possible, that

# is, if there is still enough contiguous space in the swap file.

#

# With vm-max-memory 0 the system will swap everything it can. Not a good

# default, just specify the max amount of RAM you can in bytes, but it's

# better to leave some margin. For instance specify an amount of RAM

# that's more or less between 60 and 80% of your free RAM.

vm-max-memory 0

將所有大於vm-max-memory的資料存入虛擬記憶體,無論vm-max-memory設定多小,所有索引資料都是記憶體儲存的(Redis的索引資料 就是keys),也就是說,當vm-max-memory設定為0的時候,其實是所有value都存在於磁碟。預設值為0

# Redis swap files is split into pages. An object can be saved using multiple

# contiguous pages, but pages can't be shared between different objects.

# So if your page is too big, small objects swapped out on disk will waste

# a lot of space. If you page is too small, there is less space in the swap

# file (assuming you configured the same number of total swap file pages).

#

# If you use a lot of small objects, use a page size of 64 or 32 bytes.

# If you use a lot of big objects, use a bigger page size.

# If unsure, use the default :)

vm-page-size 32

Redis swap檔案分成了很多的page，一個物件可以儲存在多個page上面，但一個page上不能被多個物件共享，vm-page-size是要根據儲存的 資料大小來設定的，作者建議如果儲存很多小物件，page大小最好設定為32或者64bytes；如果儲存很大大物件，則可以使用更大的page，如果不 確定，就使用預設值

# Number of total memory pages in the swap file.

# Given that the page table (a bitmap of free/used pages) is taken in memory,

# every 8 pages on disk will consume 1 byte of RAM.

#

# The total swap size is vm-page-size * vm-pages

#

# With the default of 32-bytes memory pages and 134217728 pages Redis will

# use a 4 GB swap file, that will use 16 MB of RAM for the page table.

#

# It's better to use the smallest acceptable value for your application,

# but the default is large in order to work in most conditions.

vm-pages 134217728

設定swap檔案中的page數量，由於頁表（一種表示頁面空閒或使用的bitmap）是在放在記憶體中的，，在磁碟上每8個pages將消耗1byte的記憶體。

# Max number of VM I/O threads running at the same time.

# This threads are used to read/write data from/to swap file, since they

# also encode and decode objects from disk to memory or the reverse, a bigger

# number of threads can help with big objects even if they can't help with

# I/O itself as the physical device may not be able to couple with many

# reads/writes operations at the same time.

#

# The special value of 0 turn off threaded I/O and enables the blocking

# Virtual Memory implementation.

vm-max-threads 4

設定訪問swap檔案的執行緒數,最好不要超過機器的核數,如果設定為0,那麼所有對swap檔案的操作都是序列的，可能會造成比較長時間的延遲。預設值為4

############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################

 

# Hashes are encoded in a special way (much more memory efficient) when they

# have at max a given numer of elements, and the biggest element does not

# exceed a given threshold. You can configure this limits with the following

# configuration directives.

hash-max-zipmap-entries 512

hash-max-zipmap-value 64

指定在超過一定的數量或者最大的元素超過某一臨界值時，採用一種特殊的雜湊演算法

# Similarly to hashes, small lists are also encoded in a special way in order

# to save a lot of space. The special representation is only used when

# you are under the following limits:

list-max-ziplist-entries 512

list-max-ziplist-value 64

 

# Sets have a special encoding in just one case: when a set is composed

# of just strings that happens to be integers in radix 10 in the range

# of 64 bit signed integers.

# The following configuration setting sets the limit in the size of the

# set in order to use this special memory saving encoding.

set-max-intset-entries 512

 

# Similarly to hashes and lists, sorted sets are also specially encoded in

# order to save a lot of space. This encoding is only used when the length and

# elements of a sorted set are below the following limits:

zset-max-ziplist-entries 128

zset-max-ziplist-value 64

 

# Active rehashing uses 1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds of CPU time in

# order to help rehashing the main Redis hash table (the one mapping top-level

# keys to values). The hash table implementation redis uses (see dict.c)

# performs a lazy rehashing: the more operation you run into an hash table

# that is rhashing, the more rehashing "steps" are performed, so if the

# server is idle the rehashing is never complete and some more memory is used

# by the hash table.

# 

# The default is to use this millisecond 10 times every second in order to

# active rehashing the main dictionaries, freeing memory when possible.

#

# If unsure:

# use "activerehashing no" if you have hard latency requirements and it is

# not a good thing in your environment that Redis can reply form time to time

# to queries with 2 milliseconds delay.

#

# use "activerehashing yes" if you don't have such hard requirements but

# want to free memory asap when possible.

activerehashing yes

 

################################## INCLUDES ###################################

 

# Include one or more other config files here.  This is useful if you

# have a standard template that goes to all redis server but also need

# to customize a few per-server settings.  Include files can include

# other files, so use this wisely.

#

# include /path/to/local.conf

# include /path/to/other.conf