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Django rest framework(7)----分頁

目錄

第一種分頁  PageNumberPagination

基本使用

(1)urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/page1/', Pager1View.as_view(),)    #分頁1
]

(2)api/utils/serializers/pager.py

# api/utils/serializsers/pager.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from api import models


class PagerSerialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    
class Meta: model = models.Role fields = "__all__"

(3)views.py

from api.utils.serializsers.pager import PagerSerialiser
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination


class Pager1View(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        
#獲取所有資料 roles = models.Role.objects.all() #建立分頁物件 pg = PageNumberPagination() #獲取分頁的資料 page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self) #對資料進行序列化 ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True) return
Response(ser.data)

(4)settings配置

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    #分頁
    "PAGE_SIZE":2   #每頁顯示多少個
}

自定義分頁類

#自定義分頁類
class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination):
    #每頁顯示多少個
    page_size = 3
    #預設每頁顯示3個,可以通過傳入pager1/?page=2&size=4,改變預設每頁顯示的個數
    page_size_query_param = "size"
    #最大頁數不超過10
    max_page_size = 10
    #獲取頁碼數的
    page_query_param = "page"


class Pager1View(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        #獲取所有資料
        roles = models.Role.objects.all()
        #建立分頁物件,這裡是自定義的MyPageNumberPagination
        pg = MyPageNumberPagination()
        #獲取分頁的資料
        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)
        #對資料進行序列化
        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)

 

第二種分頁   LimitOffsetPagination

 自定義

#自定義分頁類2
class MyLimitOffsetPagination(LimitOffsetPagination):
    #預設顯示的個數
    default_limit = 2
    #當前的位置
    offset_query_param = "offset"
    #通過limit改變預設顯示的個數
    limit_query_param = "limit"
    #一頁最多顯示的個數
    max_limit = 10


class Pager1View(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        #獲取所有資料
        roles = models.Role.objects.all()
        #建立分頁物件
        pg = MyLimitOffsetPagination()
        #獲取分頁的資料
        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)
        #對資料進行序列化
        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)

 返回的時候可以用get_paginated_response方法

自帶上一頁下一頁

第三種分頁 CursorPagination

 加密分頁方式,只能通過點“上一頁”和下一頁訪問資料

#自定義分頁類3 (加密分頁)
class MyCursorPagination(CursorPagination):
    cursor_query_param = "cursor"
    page_size = 2     #每頁顯示2個數據
    ordering = 'id'   #排序
    page_size_query_param = None
    max_page_size = None

class Pager1View(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        #獲取所有資料
        roles = models.Role.objects.all()
        #建立分頁物件
        pg = MyCursorPagination()
        #獲取分頁的資料
        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)
        #對資料進行序列化
        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)
        # return Response(ser.data)
        return pg.get_paginated_response(ser.data)

程式碼

版本、解析器、序列化和分頁

# MyProject2/urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include

urlpatterns = [
    #path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api/',include('api.urls') ),
]
MyProject/urls.py
# api/urls.py

from django.urls import path,re_path
from .views import UserView,PaserView,RolesView,UserInfoView,GroupView,UserGroupView
from .views import Pager1View

urlpatterns = [
    re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/users/', UserView.as_view(),name = 'api_user'),  #版本
    path('paser/', PaserView.as_view(),),   #解析
    re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/roles/', RolesView.as_view()),     #序列化
    re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/info/', UserInfoView.as_view()),   #序列化
    re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/group/(?P<pk>\d+)/', GroupView.as_view(),name = 'gp'),    #序列化生成url
    re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/usergroup/', UserGroupView.as_view(),),    #序列化做驗證
    re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/pager1/', Pager1View.as_view(),)    #分頁1
]
api/urls.py
# api/models.py

from django.db import models

class UserInfo(models.Model):
    USER_TYPE = (
        (1,'普通使用者'),
        (2,'VIP'),
        (3,'SVIP')
    )

    user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE)
    username = models.CharField(max_length=32,unique=True)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    group = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    roles = models.ManyToManyField('Role')


class UserToken(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField('UserInfo',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    token = models.CharField(max_length=64)


class UserGroup(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)


class Role(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
api/models.py
# api/views.py
import json

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.request import Request
from rest_framework.versioning import URLPathVersioning
from . import models

##########################################版本和解析器#####################################################

class UserView(APIView):

    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        #獲取版本
        print(request.version)
        #獲取處理版本的物件
        print(request.versioning_scheme)
        #獲取瀏覽器訪問的url,reverse反向解析
        #需要兩個引數:viewname就是url中的別名,request=request是url中要傳入的引數
        #(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/users/,這裡本來需要傳version的引數,但是version包含在request裡面,所有隻需要request=request就可以
        url_path = request.versioning_scheme.reverse(viewname='api_user',request=request)
        print(url_path)
        self.dispatch
        return HttpResponse('使用者列表')

# from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser,FormParser

class PaserView(APIView):
    '''解析'''
    # parser_classes = [JSONParser,FormParser,]
    #JSONParser:表示只能解析content-type:application/json的頭
    #FormParser:表示只能解析content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded的頭

    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        #獲取解析後的結果
        print(request.data)
        return HttpResponse('paser')


###########################################序列化###########################################################

from rest_framework import serializers

#要先寫一個序列化的類
class RolesSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    #Role表裡面的欄位id和title序列化
    id = serializers.IntegerField()
    title = serializers.CharField()

class RolesView(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        # 方式一:對於[obj,obj,obj]
        # (Queryset)
        # roles = models.Role.objects.all()
        # 序列化,兩個引數,instance:Queryset  如果有多個值,就需要加 mangy=True
        # ser = RolesSerializer(instance=roles,many=True)
        # 轉成json格式,ensure_ascii=False表示顯示中文,預設為True
        # ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False)

        # 方式二:
        role = models.Role.objects.all().first()
        ser = RolesSerializer(instance=role, many=False)
        ret = json.dumps(ser.data, ensure_ascii=False)
        return HttpResponse(ret)


# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
#     '''序列化使用者的資訊'''
#     #user_type是choices(1,2,3),顯示全稱的方法用source
#     type = serializers.CharField(source="get_user_type_display")
#     username = serializers.CharField()
#     password = serializers.CharField()
#     #group.title:組的名字
#     group = serializers.CharField(source="group.title")
#     #SerializerMethodField(),表示自定義顯示
#     #然後寫一個自定義的方法
#     rls = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
#
#     def get_rls(self,row):
#         #獲取使用者所有的角色
#         role_obj_list = row.roles.all()
#         ret = []
#         #獲取角色的id和名字
#         #以字典的鍵值對方式顯示
#         for item in role_obj_list:
#             ret.append({"id":item.id,"title":item.title})
#         return ret


# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
#     type = serializers.CharField(source="get_user_type_display")
#     group = serializers.CharField(source="group.title")
#     rls = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
#
#     def get_rls(self, row):
#         # 獲取使用者所有的角色
#         role_obj_list = row.roles.all()
#         ret = []
#         # 獲取角色的id和名字
#         # 以字典的鍵值對方式顯示
#         for item in role_obj_list:
#             ret.append({"id": item.id, "title": item.title})
#         return ret
#
#     class Meta:
#         model = models.UserInfo
#         fields = ['id','username','password','type','group','rls']

# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
#     class Meta:
#         model = models.UserInfo
#         #fields = "__all__"
#         fields = ['id','username','password','group','roles']
#         #表示連表的深度
#         depth = 1


class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    group = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='gp',lookup_field='group_id',lookup_url_kwarg='pk')
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserInfo
        #fields = "__all__"
        fields = ['id','username','password','group','roles']
        #表示連表的深度
        depth = 0


class UserInfoView(APIView):
    '''使用者的資訊'''
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        users = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
        #這裡必須要傳引數context={'request':request}
        ser = UserInfoSerializer(instance=users,many=True,context={'request':request})
        ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False)
        return HttpResponse(ret)


class GroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.UserGroup
        fields = "__all__"

class GroupView(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        pk = kwargs.get('pk')
        obj = models.UserGroup.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()

        ser = GroupSerializer(instance=obj,many=False)
        ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False)
        return HttpResponse(ret)



####################################序列化之使用者請求資料驗證驗證####################################

#自定義驗證規則
class GroupValidation(object):
    def __init__(self,base):
        self.base = base

    def __call__(self, value):
        if not value.startswith(self.base):
            message = "標題必須以%s為開頭"%self.base
            raise serializers.ValidationError(message)


class UserGroupSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    title = serializers.CharField(validators=[GroupValidation('以我開頭'),])

class UserGroupView(APIView):
    def post(self,request,*args, **kwargs):
        ser = UserGroupSerializer(data=request.data)
        if ser.is_valid():
            print(ser.validated_data['title'])
        else:
            print(ser.errors)

        return HttpResponse("使用者提交資料驗證")


##################################################分頁###################################################

from api.utils.serializsers.pager import PagerSerialiser
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination,LimitOffsetPagination,CursorPagination

# #自定義分頁類1
# class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination):
#     #每頁顯示多少個
#     page_size = 3
#     #預設每頁顯示3個,可以通過傳入pager1/?page=2&size=4,改變預設每頁顯示的個數
#     page_size_query_param = "size"
#     #最大頁數不超過10
#     max_page_size = 10
#     #獲取頁碼數的
#     page_query_param = "page"

#自定義分頁類2
class MyLimitOffsetPagination(LimitOffsetPagination):
    #預設顯示的個數
    default_limit = 2
    #當前的位置
    offset_query_param = "offset"
    #通過limit改變預設顯示的個數
    limit_query_param = "limit"
    #一頁最多顯示的個數
    max_limit = 10


#自定義分頁類3 (加密分頁)
class MyCursorPagination(CursorPagination):
    cursor_query_param = "cursor"
    page_size = 2     #每頁顯示2個數據
    ordering = 'id'   #排序
    page_size_query_param = None
    max_page_size = None


class Pager1View(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        #獲取所有資料
        roles = models.Role.objects.all()
        #建立分頁物件
        pg = MyCursorPagination()
        #獲取分頁的資料
        page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self)
        #對資料進行序列化
        ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True)
        return Response(ser.data)
        # return pg.get_paginated_response(ser.data)
api/views.py
# api/utils/serializsers/pager.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from api import models


class PagerSerialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Role
        fields = "__all__"
api/utils/serializsers/pager.py