系統技術非業餘研究 » 洞悉Linux系統軟硬體配置
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-31
我們在做伺服器的時候，老大扔給你一臺機器，要你在上面開發。通常伺服器軟體是非常依賴於系統的軟硬體的，軟體通常是要緊貼硬體的特性，如果我們不能瞭解機器的硬體，我們就無法高效的開發。
比如說想知道Linux的系統的版本，CPU有幾個，記憶體多少大， 機器什麼型號，Raid卡什麼型號，硬碟有幾個，檔案系統是什麼樣子的，網絡卡什麼型號，檔案控制代碼設定什麼的，用到虛擬化技術了嗎，網路配置什麼樣的，目前資源使用是如何?
當然如果你足夠有經驗的話，這些問題難不倒你，但是你獲取完全的這些資訊是很麻煩的。
這時候Percona 來救助了。他提供了一整套工具來協助定位MySQL伺服器的問題。這套工具適合於大部分的IO伺服器。
Aspersa is a collection of open-source system utilities primarily designed to ease the work of Percona consultants. This manual is the primary documentation for Aspersa tools. Please contribute your improvements.
我們來參觀下效果：
$ sudo ./summary
# Aspersa System Summary Report ##############################
Date | 2011-01-06 12:11:03 UTC (local TZ: CST +0800)
Hostname | test.flashcache.sqa.cm4
Uptime | 6 days, 2:55, 10 users, load average: 29.97, 27.25, 27.44
System | HP; ProLiant DL380 G7; vNot Specified (Rack Mount Chassis)
Service Tag | CNG035SF71
Release | Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)
Kernel | 2.6.18-164.el5
Architecture | CPU = 64-bit, OS = 64-bit
Threading | NPTL 2.5
Compiler | GNU CC version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-44).
SELinux | Disabled
# Processor ##################################################
Processors | physical = 2, cores = 8, virtual = 16, hyperthreading = yes
Speeds | 16x2399.382
Models | 16xIntel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz
Caches | 16x12288 KB
# Memory #####################################################
Total | 70.74G
Free | 185.99M
Used | physical = 70.56G, swap = 180.00k, virtual = 70.56G
Buffers | 930.25M
Caches | 6.84G
Used | 60.64G
Swappiness | vm.swappiness = 0
DirtyPolicy | vm.dirty_ratio = 80, vm.dirty_background_ratio = 10
Locator Size Speed Form Factor Type Type Detail
========= ======== ================= ============= ============= ===========
PROC 1 DIMM 1G 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 1 DIMM 2D 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 1 DIMM 3A 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 1 DIMM 4H 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 1 DIMM 5E 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 1 DIMM 6B 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 1 DIMM 7I 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 1 DIMM 8F 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 1 DIMM 9C 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 1G 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 2D 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 3A 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 4H 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 5E 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 6B 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 7I 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 8F 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
PROC 2 DIMM 9C 4096 MB 1333 MHz (0.8 ns) DIMM {OUT OF SPEC} Synchronous
# Mounted Filesystems ########################################
Filesystem Size Used Type Opts Mountpoint
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 122M 10% ext3 (rw) /boot
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 15G 4% ext3 (rw) /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 15G 3% ext3 (rw) /var
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 15G 21% ext3 (rw) /usr
/dev/cciss/c0d0p6 9.5G 5% ext3 (rw) /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p7 8.6G 31% ext3 (rw) /tmp
/dev/mapper/cachedev 1.6T 55% ext3 (rw,noatime,nodiratime,barrier=0) /u01
tmpfs 36G 0% tmpfs (rw) /dev/shm
# Disk Schedulers And Queue Size #############################
cciss!c0d0 | [deadline] 512
# Disk Partioning ############################################
Device Type Start End Size
============ ==== ========== ========== ==================
# Kernel Inode State #########################################
dentry-state | 144452 138117 45 0 0 0
file-nr | 3060 0 131072
inode-nr | 130370 52
# LVM Volumes ################################################
# RAID Controller ############################################
Controller | HP Smart Array
logicaldrive 1 (1.6 TB, RAID 1+0, OK)
physicaldrive 2C:1:1 (port 2C:box 1:bay 1, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 2C:1:2 (port 2C:box 1:bay 2, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 2C:1:3 (port 2C:box 1:bay 3, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 2C:1:4 (port 2C:box 1:bay 4, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 3C:1:5 (port 3C:box 1:bay 5, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 3C:1:6 (port 3C:box 1:bay 6, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 3C:1:7 (port 3C:box 1:bay 7, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 3C:1:8 (port 3C:box 1:bay 8, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 4C:2:1 (port 4C:box 2:bay 1, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 4C:2:2 (port 4C:box 2:bay 2, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 4C:2:3 (port 4C:box 2:bay 3, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
physicaldrive 4C:2:4 (port 4C:box 2:bay 4, SAS, 300 GB, OK)
# Virtualization #############################################
Technology | No virtualization detected
# Network Config #############################################
Controller | Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 20)
Controller | Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 20)
Controller | Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 20)
Controller | Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5709 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 20)
FIN Timeout | net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 60
Port Range | net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
# Interface Statistics #######################################
interface rx_bytes rx_packets rx_errors tx_bytes tx_packets tx_errors
========= ========= ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
lo 751283431 1763251 0 751283431 1763251 0
eth0 2320706371 3237499907 0 1816207099 3507868329 0
eth1 69748430 918193 0 0 0 0
eth2 0 0 0 0 0 0
eth3 0 0 0 0 0 0
sit0 0 0 0 0 0 0
bond0 2390454801 3238418100 0 1816207099 3507868329 0
# Network Connections ########################################
Connections from remote IP addresses
10.232.21.113 38
10.232.21.114 33
10.232.21.115 43
10.232.21.116 38
10.232.21.117 38
10.232.21.118 39
10.232.21.119 37
10.232.21.120 37
10.232.21.121 40
10.232.21.122 42
10.232.21.138 13
10.232.21.139 9
10.232.21.140 9
10.232.21.151 9
10.232.21.152 7
10.232.21.153 7
10.232.21.154 7
10.232.21.155 7
10.232.21.156 7
10.232.21.157 8
10.232.31.221 11
10.232.31.228 10
Connections to local IP addresses
10.232.31.228 489
Connections to top 10 local ports
3306 474
45744 1
45750 1
45751 1
45757 1
45758 1
45764 1
45765 1
45771 1
45772 1
States of connections
ESTABLISHED 478
LISTEN 4
TIME_WAIT 21
# Top Processes ##############################################
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
12820 mysql 15 0 61.3g 60g 5204 S 930.4 85.5 1727:21 mysqld
3501 root 18 0 163m 5064 4424 S 29.6 0.0 382:44.05 tcprstat
2578 root 10 -5 0 0 0 R 25.7 0.0 1657:52 fct0-worker
22031 root 11 -5 0 0 0 S 4.0 0.0 27:22.33 kcopyd
50 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 2.0 0.0 191:31.85 events/0
52 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 2.0 0.0 90:51.61 events/2
58 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 2.0 0.0 96:40.09 events/8
65 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 2.0 0.0 18:32.29 events/15
22258 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 2.0 0.0 11:14.77 kjournald
# Simplified vmstat (wait please) ############################
procs ---swap-- -----io---- ---system---- --------cpu--------
r b si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
24 7 0 0 8120 4418 4 2 29 12 33 27 0
29 3 0 0 100116 123105 67859 171497 47 17 23 12 0
18 7 0 0 84488 101152 67062 172806 43 15 26 16 0
15 9 0 0 95212 86349 62940 166373 47 16 26 11 0
24 6 0 0 97220 134367 68987 174163 47 18 24 11 0
# The End ####################################################
玩的開心！
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