Javascript 學習筆記—— Array.slice() 和Array.splice()
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-01-05
Array.prototype.slice(start,end)
var arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10];
arr.slice(1,5);
arr:[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10];
slice()是不會改變原陣列的。
- slice(start_i,end_i)在原始碼中時這樣處理下標的
if (start_i < 0) {
start_i += len;
if (start_i < 0) start_i = 0;
} else {
if (start_i > len) start_i = len;
}
if (end_i < 0) {
end_i += len;
if (end_i < 0) end_i = 0;
} else {
if (end_i > len) end_i = len;
}
start_i和end_i在為負的時候都會進行一次和總長度的相加,再與0取最大值。 比如 len=10的時候,slice(-9,-2)
就會變成 slice(1,8) , 但是當end_i 大於start_i的時候 返回一個空陣列 MaxSimple 是取最大值
var result = ArraySpeciesCreate(array, MaxSimple(end_i - start_i, 0));
if (end_i < start_i)
return result;
- 練習
var arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10];
var arr2 = [];
arr2 = arr.slice(); //slice() =>slice(0,length)
console.log('arr2:', arr2); //[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice(3 );
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice(3.3);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice(3.9);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice(-4);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice(1, 3);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[2,3]
arr2 = arr.slice(2, 30);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice(10, 8);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[]
arr2 = arr.slice(-2, 10);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice(3, -4);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[4,5,6]
arr2 = arr.slice(-5, -8);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[]
arr2 = arr.slice(-11, 3);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[1,2,3]
arr2 = arr.slice(-13, -2);
console.log('arr2:', arr2);//[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
console.log('arr::',arr);//[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
Array.prototype.splice(start,deleteCount,items)
var arr=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
var arr2=arr.splice(1,4,'444','3333')
arr: [1, "444", "3333", 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
arr2:[2, 3, 4, 5]
從上面可以看出,splice()返回的是刪除掉的陣列元素,同時splice是可以改變原陣列的元素的
- 從陣列中刪除元素 :
splice(index) //刪除從index開始到最後一個的元素(包括index)
splice(index ,deleteCount) //刪除從index開始的deleteCount個元素(包括index)
這裡的index需要根據正負情況來進行判斷
if(index>0)
index =Math.min(index,length)
if(index<0)
index =Max.max(length+index,0)
- 新增元素:
splice(index,deleteCount,items)//
從下標index開始,刪除deleteCount個,並在index開始插入items 這裡的index和count和上面的判斷時一樣的,
var arr=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr.splice(-2,-1,'333’)
arr:[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, "333", 9, 10]
splice(-2,-1,’333’)=> splice(8,0,’333’) =>在index==8的地方刪除0個元素,並在index 新增上333
- 練習
var arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10];
var arr2 = arr.splice(); //arr.splice()=>arr.splice(0,0)
console.log(arr2);//[]
console.log(arr);//[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
var arr2 = arr.slice();
var arr3 = arr2.splice(3);
console.log(arr2);//[1,2,3]
console.log(arr3);//[4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice();
arr3 = arr2.splice(1, 3);
console.log(arr2); //[1,5,6,7,8,9,10]
console.log(arr3);//[2,3,4]
arr2 = arr.slice();
arr3 = arr2.splice(1, 30);
console.log(arr2); //[1]
console.log(arr3);//[2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice();
arr3 = arr2.splice(-1, 30);
console.log(arr2); //[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
console.log(arr3);//[10]
arr2 = arr.slice();
arr3 = arr2.splice(-18, 30);
console.log(arr2); //[]
console.log(arr3);//[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice();
arr3 = arr2.splice(-18, 30,’2222');
console.log(arr2); //[‘2222']
console.log(arr3);//[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
arr2 = arr.slice();
arr3 = arr2.splice(-18, -20,’2222');
console.log(arr2); //[‘2222’,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
console.log(arr3);//[]