主要知識點：
隨機整數：

random.randint(a,b)：返回隨機整數x,a<=x<=b

包含範圍的隨機整數
random.randrange(start,stop,[,step])：返回一個範圍在(start,stop,step)之間的隨機整數，不包括結束值。

0-1之間的隨機浮點數
隨機實數：random.random( ):返回0到1之間的浮點數

指定範圍的隨機浮點數
random.uniform(a,b):返回指定範圍內的浮點數。

實戰演示：

Microsoft Windows [版本 6.1.7601]
版權所有 (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有權利。

C:\Users\Administrator>python
Python 2.7
 
.11 (v2.7.11:6d1b6a68f775, Dec  5 2015, 20:40:30) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (
AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import random
>>> print random.randint(1,3)
2
>>> print random.randint(1,3)
1
>>> print random.randint(1,3)
2
 

>>> print random.randint(1,3)
2
>>> print random.randint(1,10)
1
>>> print random.randint(1,10)
10
>>> print random.randint(1,10)
5
>>> print random.randint(1,10)
1
>>> print random.randint(1,10)
5
>>> print random.randint(1,10)
7
>>> 
 
print random.randint(1,10)
4
>>> print random.randint(1,10)
3
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
2
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
4
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
4
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
4
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
3
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
1
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
3
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
1
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
1
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
2
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
1
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
1
>>> print random.randrange(1,5,1)
4
>>> print random.random()
0.395644101608
>>> print random.random()
0.939752210993
>>> print random.random()
0.753840174814
>>> print random.random()
0.6284505895
>>> print random.random()
0.221124079082
>>> print random.random()
0.859997827515
>>> print random.uniform(3,5)
3.68718533467
>>> print random.uniform(3,5)
3.44178711732
>>> print random.uniform(3,5)
3.66400073252
>>> print random.uniform(3,5)
4.90505268541
>>> print random.uniform(3,5)
4.69546962717
>>> print random.uniform(3,5)
4.26153330638
>>>