Android Accessibility(輔助功能) --實現Android應用自動安裝、解除安裝
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-09
對於那些由於視力、聽力或其它身體原因導致不能方便使用Android智慧手機的使用者，Android提供了Accessibility功能和服務幫助這些使用者更加簡單地操作裝置，包括文字轉語音、觸覺反饋、手勢操作、軌跡球和手柄操作。開發者可以搭建自己的Accessibility服務，這可以加強可用性，例如聲音提示，物理反饋，和其他可選的操作模式。
隨著Android版本的不斷升級，Android Accessibility功能也越來越強大，Android 4.0版本以前，系統輔助服務功能比較單一，僅僅能過單向獲取視窗元素資訊，比如獲取輸入框使用者輸入內容。到Android 4.1版本以後，系統輔助服務增加了與視窗元素的雙向互動，此時可以通過輔助功能服務操作視窗元素，比如點選按鈕等。
由於系統輔助服務能夠實時獲取您當前操作應用的視窗元素資訊，這有可能給你帶來隱私資訊的洩露風險，比如獲取非密碼輸入框的輸入內容等。同時通過輔助功能也可以模擬使用者自動化點選應用內元素，也會帶來一定的安全風險。
本文實現了一種通過系統輔助服務完成應用的自動安裝、解除安裝、強行停止的功能。
1、AndroidManifest.xml檔案配置自己實現的MyAccessibilityService服務。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.jack.accessibility" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="18" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <activity android:name="com.jack.accessibility.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <service android:label="@string/acc_service_name" android:name=".MyAccessibilityService" android:permission="android.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService" /> </intent-filter> <meta-data android:name="android.accessibilityservice" android:resource="@xml/phone_accessibility" /> </service> </application> </manifest>
2、在res/xml/phone_accessibility.xml配置相應的引數資訊。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <accessibility-service android:description="@string/accessibility_service_description" android:accessibilityEventTypes="typeAllMask" android:accessibilityFeedbackType="feedbackGeneric" android:notificationTimeout="100" android:accessibilityFlags="" android:canRetrieveWindowContent="true" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" />
3、MainActivity實現安裝、解除安裝、強行停止動作的發起。
package com.jack.accessibility;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.view.View;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
this.findViewById(R.id.activeButton).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Intent killIntent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_ACCESSIBILITY_SETTINGS);
startActivity(killIntent);
}
});
this.findViewById(R.id.installButton).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
MyAccessibilityService.INVOKE_TYPE = MyAccessibilityService.TYPE_INSTALL_APP;
String fileName = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/test.apk";
File installFile = new File(fileName);
if(installFile.exists()){
installFile.delete();
}
try {
installFile.createNewFile();
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(installFile);
byte[] buffer = new byte[512];
InputStream in = MainActivity.this.getAssets().open("test.apk");
int count;
while((count= in.read(buffer))!=-1){
out.write(buffer, 0, count);
}
in.close();
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(new File(fileName)), "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
startActivity(intent);
}
});
this.findViewById(R.id.uninstallButton).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
MyAccessibilityService.INVOKE_TYPE = MyAccessibilityService.TYPE_UNINSTALL_APP;
Uri packageURI = Uri.parse("package:com.example.test");
Intent uninstallIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, packageURI);
startActivity(uninstallIntent);
}
});
this.findViewById(R.id.killAppButton).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
MyAccessibilityService.INVOKE_TYPE = MyAccessibilityService.TYPE_KILL_APP;
Intent killIntent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
Uri packageURI = Uri.parse("package:com.example.test");
killIntent.setData(packageURI);
startActivity(killIntent);
}
});
}
}
4、MyAccessibilityService中通過自動化點選實現應用安裝、解除安裝、強行停止功能。
package com.jack.accessibility;
import java.util.List;
import android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityEvent;
import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityNodeInfo;
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public class MyAccessibilityService extends AccessibilityService {
public static int INVOKE_TYPE = 0;
public static final int TYPE_KILL_APP = 1;
public static final int TYPE_INSTALL_APP = 2;
public static final int TYPE_UNINSTALL_APP = 3;
public static void reset(){
INVOKE_TYPE = 0;
}
@Override
public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.processAccessibilityEnvent(event);
}
private void processAccessibilityEnvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {
Log.d("test", event.eventTypeToString(event.getEventType()));
if (event.getSource() == null) {
Log.d("test", "the source = null");
} else {
Log.d("test", "event = " + event.toString());
switch (INVOKE_TYPE) {
case TYPE_KILL_APP:
processKillApplication(event);
break;
case TYPE_INSTALL_APP:
processinstallApplication(event);
break;
case TYPE_UNINSTALL_APP:
processUninstallApplication(event);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
@Override
protected boolean onKeyEvent(KeyEvent event) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return true;
}
@Override
public void onInterrupt() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
private void processUninstallApplication(AccessibilityEvent event) {
if (event.getSource() != null) {
if (event.getPackageName().equals("com.android.packageinstaller")) {
List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> ok_nodes = event.getSource().findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("確定");
if (ok_nodes!=null && !ok_nodes.isEmpty()) {
AccessibilityNodeInfo node;
for(int i=0; i<ok_nodes.size(); i++){
node = ok_nodes.get(i);
if (node.getClassName().equals("android.widget.Button") && node.isEnabled()) {
node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);
}
}
}
}
}
}
private void processinstallApplication(AccessibilityEvent event) {
if (event.getSource() != null) {
if (event.getPackageName().equals("com.android.packageinstaller")) {
List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> unintall_nodes = event.getSource().findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("安裝");
if (unintall_nodes!=null && !unintall_nodes.isEmpty()) {
AccessibilityNodeInfo node;
for(int i=0; i<unintall_nodes.size(); i++){
node = unintall_nodes.get(i);
if (node.getClassName().equals("android.widget.Button") && node.isEnabled()) {
node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);
}
}
}
List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> next_nodes = event.getSource().findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("下一步");
if (next_nodes!=null && !next_nodes.isEmpty()) {
AccessibilityNodeInfo node;
for(int i=0; i<next_nodes.size(); i++){
node = next_nodes.get(i);
if (node.getClassName().equals("android.widget.Button") && node.isEnabled()) {
node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);
}
}
}
List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> ok_nodes = event.getSource().findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("開啟");
if (ok_nodes!=null && !ok_nodes.isEmpty()) {
AccessibilityNodeInfo node;
for(int i=0; i<ok_nodes.size(); i++){
node = ok_nodes.get(i);
if (node.getClassName().equals("android.widget.Button") && node.isEnabled()) {
node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);
}
}
}
}
}
}
private void processKillApplication(AccessibilityEvent event) {
if (event.getSource() != null) {
if (event.getPackageName().equals("com.android.settings")) {
List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> stop_nodes = event.getSource().findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("強行停止");
if (stop_nodes!=null && !stop_nodes.isEmpty()) {
AccessibilityNodeInfo node;
for(int i=0; i<stop_nodes.size(); i++){
node = stop_nodes.get(i);
if (node.getClassName().equals("android.widget.Button")) {
if(node.isEnabled()){
node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);
}
}
}
}
List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> ok_nodes = event.getSource().findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText("確定");
if (ok_nodes!=null && !ok_nodes.isEmpty()) {
AccessibilityNodeInfo node;
for(int i=0; i<ok_nodes.size(); i++){
node = ok_nodes.get(i);
if (node.getClassName().equals("android.widget.Button")) {
node.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);
Log.d("action", "click ok");
}
}
}
}
}
}
}