SpringBoot b2b2c 多使用者商城系統 (十五)Springboot整合RabbitMQ
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-01-10
這篇文章帶你瞭解怎麼整合RabbitMQ伺服器,並且通過它怎麼去傳送和接收訊息。我將構建一個springboot工程,通過RabbitTemplate去通過MessageListenerAdapter去訂閱一個POJO型別的訊息。
準備工作
- 15min
- IDEA
- maven 3.0
在開始構建專案之前,機器需要安裝rabbitmq,你可以去官網下載,http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html ,如果你是用的Mac,你可以這樣下載:
brew install rabbitmq
安裝完成後開啟伺服器:
rabbitmq-server
開啟伺服器成功,你可以看到以下資訊:
RabbitMQ 3.1.3. Copyright (C) 2007-2013 VMware, Inc. Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/ Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/[email protected] /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/[email protected] Starting broker... completed with 6 plugins.
構建工程
構架一個SpringBoot工程,其pom檔案依賴加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依賴:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency>
建立訊息接收者
在任何的訊息佇列程式中,你需要建立一個訊息接收者,用於響應傳送的訊息。
@Component public class Receiver { private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); public void receiveMessage(String message) { System.out.println("Received <" + message + ">"); latch.countDown(); } public CountDownLatch getLatch() { return latch; } }
訊息接收者是一個簡單的POJO類,它定義了一個方法去接收訊息,當你註冊它去接收訊息,你可以給它取任何的名字。其中,它有CountDownLatch這樣的一個類,它是用於告訴傳送者訊息已經收到了,你不需要在應用程式中具體實現它,只需要latch.countDown()就行了。
建立訊息監聽,併發送一條訊息
在spring程式中,RabbitTemplate提供了傳送訊息和接收訊息的所有方法。你只需簡單的配置下就行了:
- 需要一個訊息監聽容器
- 宣告一個quene,一個exchange,並且繫結它們
- 一個元件去傳送訊息
程式碼清單如下:
package com.forezp; import com.forezp.message.Receiver; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding; import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; @SpringBootApplication public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication { final static String queueName = "spring-boot"; @Bean Queue queue() { return new Queue(queueName, false); } @Bean TopicExchange exchange() { return new TopicExchange("spring-boot-exchange"); } @Bean Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) { return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName); } @Bean SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory, MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) { SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer(); container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory); container.setQueueNames(queueName); container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter); return container; } @Bean MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) { return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage"); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args); } }
建立一個測試方法:
@Component public class Runner implements CommandLineRunner { private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; private final Receiver receiver; private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context; public Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate, ConfigurableApplicationContext context) { this.receiver = receiver; this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate; this.context = context; } @Override public void run(String... args) throws Exception { System.out.println("Sending message..."); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName, "Hello from RabbitMQ!"); receiver.getLatch().await(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); context.close(); } }
啟動程式,你會發現控制檯列印
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