caffe編譯與安裝過程中的疑難點
折騰了好幾周,終於把caffe裝好了,現在把過程中容易出錯的點記錄於此。
1. 關於protobuf。本來protobuf是很容易的東西,但新版的caffe需要比較新的protobuf版本,我試了好幾個版本,最終發現protobuf3.0.0可以用,但是新版的編譯protobuf又需要gtest, gmock,因為眾所周知的原因這個過程無比煩惱,想下載個東西都很難,你都會懷疑國家是不是真的支援創新創業,十分惱火。後來發現有個取巧的辦法,就是在protobuf目錄下建個空的gmock好像就可以順利通過編譯,不過還是不要取巧的好,老老實實的先編譯gtest, gmock再編譯protobuf。
2. 關於python,我折騰很久的主要原因就是這個python,我的系統是ubuntu16.04,系統自帶了python2.7, python3.0,我安裝了N次,都用不了pycaffe,使用時報錯:ImportError: No module named caffe。最後發現要注意這幾點,一是使用anaconda,因為這個東西自帶了很多python庫,比如numpy之類的,當然也可以直接安裝官方的python安裝包,然後執行for req in $(cat requirements.txt); do pip install $req; done 此過程很長
export PYTHONPATH=/home/james/Downloads/caffe/distribute/python:$PYTHONPATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/james/Downloads/caffe/build/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
這兩句話,然後source ~/.bashrc
3. 關於makefile.config,我的樣本如下:
## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html # Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome! # cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN). # USE_CUDNN := 1 # CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support). CPU_ONLY := 1 # uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers USE_OPENCV := 0 # USE_LEVELDB := 0 # USE_LMDB := 0 # uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary) # You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any # possibility of simultaneous read and write # ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1 # Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3 # OPENCV_VERSION := 3 # To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following. # N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++ # CUSTOM_CXX := g++ # CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need. CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda # On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via # "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead: # CUDA_DIR := /usr # CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them. # For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 lines for compatibility. CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \ -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \ -gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \ -gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \ -gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \ -gencode arch=compute_50,code=compute_50 # BLAS choice: # atlas for ATLAS (default) # mkl for MKL # open for OpenBlas BLAS := atlas # Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories. # Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS # (which should work)! # BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas # BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas # Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path # BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include # BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib # This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface. # MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin. # MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local # MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app # NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface. # We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h. PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \ /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include # Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path: # Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root. ANACONDA_HOME := /home/james/anaconda2 PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \ $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \ $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include \ # Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2) # PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.5m # PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.5m \ # /usr/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy/core/include # We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib. #PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib # Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only) # PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include # PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib # Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs) WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1 # Whatever else you find you need goes here. INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib # If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies # INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include # LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib # Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths. # (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.) USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1 # N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean` BUILD_DIR := build DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute # Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171 # DEBUG := 1 # The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests. TEST_GPUID := 0 # enable pretty build (comment to see full commands) Q ?= @
4. 如果要在C++工程中使用caffe,記得在CMakelists.txt中增加:ADD_DEFINITIONS(-std=c++11 -DCPU_ONLY)