1. 程式人生 > >SpringBoot非官方教程 | 第十五篇:Springboot整合RabbitMQ

SpringBoot非官方教程 | 第十五篇:Springboot整合RabbitMQ

這篇文章帶你瞭解怎麼整合RabbitMQ伺服器,並且通過它怎麼去傳送和接收訊息。我將構建一個springboot工程,通過RabbitTemplate去通過MessageListenerAdapter去訂閱一個POJO型別的訊息。

準備工作

  • 15min
  • IDEA
  • maven 3.0

在開始構建專案之前,機器需要安裝rabbitmq,你可以去官網下載,http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html ,如果你是用的Mac(程式設計師都應該用mac吧),你可以這樣下載:

brew install rabbitmq

安裝完成後開啟伺服器:

rabbitmq-server

開啟伺服器成功,你可以看到以下資訊:

            RabbitMQ 3.1.3. Copyright (C) 2007-2013 VMware, Inc.
##  ##      Licensed under the MPL.  See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
##  ##
##########  Logs: /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/[email protected]
######  ##        /usr/local/var/log/rabbitmq/[email protected]
##########
            Starting broker... completed with 6 plugins.


構建工程

構架一個SpringBoot工程,其pom檔案依賴加上spring-boot-starter-amqp的起步依賴:

<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
		</dependency>

建立訊息接收者

在任何的訊息佇列程式中,你需要建立一個訊息接收者,用於響應傳送的訊息。


@Component
public class Receiver {

    private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received <" + message + ">");
        latch.countDown();
    }

    public CountDownLatch getLatch() {
        return latch;
    }

}

訊息接收者是一個簡單的POJO類,它定義了一個方法去接收訊息,當你註冊它去接收訊息,你可以給它取任何的名字。其中,它有CountDownLatch這樣的一個類,它是用於告訴傳送者訊息已經收到了,你不需要在應用程式中具體實現它,只需要latch.countDown()就行了。

建立訊息監聽,併發送一條訊息

在spring程式中,RabbitTemplate提供了傳送訊息和接收訊息的所有方法。你只需簡單的配置下就行了:

  • 需要一個訊息監聽容器
  • 宣告一個quene,一個exchange,並且繫結它們
  • 一個元件去傳送訊息

程式碼清單如下:

package com.forezp;

import com.forezp.message.Receiver;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;


@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootRabbitmqApplication {

	 final static String queueName = "spring-boot";

	@Bean
	Queue queue() {
		return new Queue(queueName, false);
	}

	@Bean
	TopicExchange exchange() {
		return new TopicExchange("spring-boot-exchange");
	}

	@Bean
	Binding binding(Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {
		return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(queueName);
	}

	@Bean
	SimpleMessageListenerContainer container(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
											 MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
		SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
		container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
		container.setQueueNames(queueName);
		container.setMessageListener(listenerAdapter);
		return container;
	}

	@Bean
	MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) {
		return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage");
	}


	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRabbitmqApplication.class, args);
	}
}


建立一個測試方法:


@Component
public class Runner implements CommandLineRunner {

    private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    private final Receiver receiver;
    private final ConfigurableApplicationContext context;

    public Runner(Receiver receiver, RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate,
            ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        this.receiver = receiver;
        this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Sending message...");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(Application.queueName, "Hello from RabbitMQ!");
        receiver.getLatch().await(10000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        context.close();
    }

}

啟動程式,你會發現控制檯列印:

Sending message...
Received <Hello from RabbitMQ!>

總結

恭喜!你剛才已經學會了如何通過spring raabitmq去構建一個訊息傳送和訂閱的程式。 這僅僅是一個好的開始,你可以通過spring-rabbitmq做更多的事,點選這裡

參考資料


掃碼關注公眾號有驚喜

(轉載本站文章請註明作者和出處 方誌朋的部落格