環境:centos 6.5 + oracle 11g

自啟動之前問題

虛擬機器裡的oracle環境，每次重啟完系統，用plsql developer連線，先是報錯:

無TNS監聽程式

解決方法是切換到系統的oracle使用者，執行lsnrctl start，但是執行之前，因為ORACLE_HOME環境變數沒有生效，還要是環境變數檔案生效，步驟如下:

[oracle@localhost ~]$ source .bash_profile 

[oracle@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2
 
.0/dbhome_1

[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl start

啟動完成後，再次連線，又報錯:

oracle沒有啟動。啟動步驟如下:

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Oct 19 14:29:10 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  776646656
 
 bytes
Fixed Size                  2217384 bytes
Variable Size             490736216 bytes
Database Buffers          281018368 bytes
Redo Buffers                2674688 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

配置自啟動

下面把上述過程都配置成開機啟動。

環境變數生效

可能是因為我的oracle使用者不是桌面登入的，是從終端su切換過來的，.bash_profile檔案沒有執行。我把檔案裡的內容寫入.bashrc檔案後，重啟就可以了。

TNS監聽以及oracle服務自啟動

編輯: /etc/oratab檔案，把最後一行的N改成Y

# This file is used by ORACLE utilities.  It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating
# a database.

# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator.  A new line terminates
# the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively.  The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
orcl:/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y

路徑可能不同

編輯 /etc/rc.local 檔案,增加 最後兩行:

#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local
service smb restart
su - oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'
su - oracle -c 'dbstart'
su - oracle -c 'emctl start dbconsole'

dbstart是資料庫自帶的啟動指令碼，我們只要加到rc.local中讓它開機呼叫就可以了。但是還需要編輯一下它。修改dbstart的ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER，使其指向$ORACLE_HOME:

# First argument is used to bring up OracleNet Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

重啟虛擬機器，發現plsql developer可以直接連線上了。