1、安裝vsftpd

首先檢視你是否安裝了vsftpd

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q vsftpd

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vsftpd-3.0.2-10.el7.x86_64 （顯示也就安裝成功了！）

如果沒有則安裝vsftpd

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y vsftpd

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安裝完成後可以檢視到安裝的目錄

[root@localhost ~]# whereis vsftpd

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vsftpd: /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd /usr/share/man/man8/vsftpd.8.gz

檢視vsftpd服務的狀態

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service
 

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● vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon 
 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) 
   Active: active (running) since 三 2017-07-05 14:29:53 CST; 3s ago 
Process: 3951 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) 
 Main PID: 3953 (vsftpd) 
   CGroup: /system.slice/vsftpd.service 
├─3953 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf 
├─3963 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf 
└─3964 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

7月 05 14:29:53 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon… 
7月 05 14:29:53 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Vsftpd ftp daemon.

開啟vsftpd服務

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd.service

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設定vsftpd服務開機自啟

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd.service
（或者：[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig vsftpd on）
 

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2、配置vsftpd.conf檔案

[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf


# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
userlist_deny=NO
local_root=/var/public_root
tcp_wrappers=YES
use_localtime=YES
allow_writeable_chroot=YES

3、新增FTP賬戶

這裡設定的賬戶名為“test”，密碼為“123456”

[root@localhost ~]# useradd test -s /sbin/nologin
[root@localhost ~]# passwd 123456

4、編輯user_list檔案，允許test使用者訪問FTP

[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/vsftpd/user_list


# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
root
bin
daemon
adm
lp
sync
shutdown
halt
mail
news
uucp
operator
games
nobody
test
~                                                                                      
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"/etc/vsftpd/user_list" 21L, 366C

5、建根目錄，並設定訪問許可權

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/public_root
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R test /var/public_root
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 755 /var/public_root

6、防火牆設定

1.vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

#編輯iptables檔案，新增如下內容，開啟21埠

-A INPUT -mstate --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT

2.如果系統啟用了防火牆和SELinux，那麼還要做以下配置（預設情況下CentOS7是使用firewall和selinux的，不在使用iptables）

防火牆新增FTP服務

[[email protected] ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=ftp
[[email protected] ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

設定SELinux

[root@localhost ~]# getsebool -a | grep ftp
[root@localhost ~]# setsebool -P ftpd_full_access on （tip：on可以替換為 1）

或者修改配置檔案徹底關閉selinux，需要重啟機器

[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config


# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted


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"/etc/selinux/config" 14L, 546C

7、重啟vsftpd伺服器

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop vsftpd.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd.service

解除安裝vsftpd的方法

如果配置出錯需要解除安裝vsftpd，在解除安裝之前先停止vsftpd

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -aq vsftpd

vsftpd-3.0.2-21.el7.x86_64 （此處是查詢vsftpd的返回結果）

用rpm -e 查詢結果 進行刪除就ok了

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e vsftpd-3.0.2-21.el7.x86_64

warning: /etc/vsftpd/user_list saved as /etc/vsftpd/user_list.rpmsave 
warning: /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers saved as /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers.rpmsave   #刪除時將備份vsftp的使用者列表檔案

檢查是否解除安裝了vsftpd，進行stop及start操作

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop vsftpd.service

vsftpd: unrecognized service   #找不到vsftpd 

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd.service

vsftpd: unrecognized service   #找不到vsftpd