1. 程式人生 > >OpenStack使用CentOS7官方通用雲映象建立虛擬機器例項

OpenStack使用CentOS7官方通用雲映象建立虛擬機器例項

實驗環境:

  • OpenStack Queens社群版
  • 1控制節點、1計算節點、1塊儲存節點
  • 單網絡卡provider供應商網路模式

作業系統版本

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 
[root@controller ~]# uname -sr               
Linux 4.16.3-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64

1.下載qcow2格式的CentOS官方通用雲映象

執行環境變數(官網有說明)

[root@controller
~]# . admin-openrc

下載CentOS雲映象:

wget http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1802.qcow2c

2.上傳映象到Glance

[[email protected] ~]# openstack image create "CentOS7-image" \
  --file CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1802.qcow2c \
  --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \
  --public
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field            | Value                                                |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | checksum | c5e362d0fb6e367ab16a5fbbed2ec1ce | | container_format | bare | | created_at | 2018-05-16T02:06:12Z | | disk_format | qcow2 |
| file | /v2/images/de63a620-43da-4325-9ed5-cce8e74451f0/file | | id | de63a620-43da-4325-9ed5-cce8e74451f0 | | min_disk | 0 | | min_ram | 0 | | name | CentOS7-image | | owner | 2059d5d40c6a4d4ea37e5a80aa46b891 | | protected | False | | schema | /v2/schemas/image | | size | 394918400 | | status | active | | tags | | | updated_at | 2018-05-16T02:06:26Z | | virtual_size | None | | visibility | public | +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+

檢視上傳的映象

[[email protected] ~]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+---------------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name          | Status |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+--------+
| de63a620-43da-4325-9ed5-cce8e74451f0 | CentOS7-image | active |
| d81e109c-acb0-4f65-b739-58b9595282e7 | cirros        | active |
+--------------------------------------+---------------+--------+

3.建立例項前的準備工作

要啟動例項,必須至少指定flavor、映象名稱、網路、安全組、金鑰和例項名稱。
如果已經執行則跳過此項。
照搬官方文件:https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/launch-instance.html#
建立供應商網路
在控制節點上,獲取admin使用者憑證以訪問僅管理員的CLI命令:

[root@controller ~]# . admin-openrc
[[email protected] ~]# openstack network create  --share --external  --provider-physical-network provider  --provider-network-type flat provider
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field                     | Value                                |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up            | UP                                   |
| availability_zone_hints   |                                      |
| availability_zones        |                                      |
| created_at                | 2018-04-22T09:49:19Z                 |
| description               |                                      |
| dns_domain                | None                                 |
| id                        | 1daecc49-121e-4bb2-b161-3fdb6f104434 |
| ipv4_address_scope        | None                                 |
| ipv6_address_scope        | None                                 |
| is_default                | None                                 |
| is_vlan_transparent       | None                                 |
| mtu                       | 1500                                 |
| name                      | provider                             |
| port_security_enabled     | True                                 |
| project_id                | 2059d5d40c6a4d4ea37e5a80aa46b891     |
| provider:network_type     | flat                                 |
| provider:physical_network | provider                             |
| provider:segmentation_id  | None                                 |
| qos_policy_id             | None                                 |
| revision_number           | 4                                    |
| router:external           | External                             |
| segments                  | None                                 |
| shared                    | True                                 |
| status                    | ACTIVE                               |
| subnets                   |                                      |
| tags                      |                                      |
| updated_at                | 2018-04-22T09:49:19Z                 |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+

在網路上建立子網

[[email protected] ~]# openstack subnet create --network provider \
>   --allocation-pool start=192.168.92.100,end=192.168.92.110 \
>   --dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114 --gateway 192.168.92.2 \
>   --subnet-range 192.168.92.0/24 provider
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field             | Value                                |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools  | 192.168.92.100-192.168.92.110        |
| cidr              | 192.168.92.0/24                      |
| created_at        | 2018-06-10T14:48:05Z                 |
| description       |                                      |
| dns_nameservers   | 114.114.114.114                      |
| enable_dhcp       | True                                 |
| gateway_ip        | 192.168.92.2                         |
| host_routes       |                                      |
| id                | 639dcbb3-9bdf-4db8-9734-c4556f1e7972 |
| ip_version        | 4                                    |
| ipv6_address_mode | None                                 |
| ipv6_ra_mode      | None                                 |
| name              | provider                             |
| network_id        | 891787bb-ce4a-4b41-b222-1493ec30035c |
| project_id        | 9a8169bc534e4705816e97bff4d2866b     |
| revision_number   | 0                                    |
| segment_id        | None                                 |
| service_types     |                                      |
| subnetpool_id     | None                                 |
| tags              |                                      |
| updated_at        | 2018-06-10T14:48:05Z                 |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+

建立例項型別

[[email protected] ~]# openstack flavor create --id 1 --vcpus 2 --ram 1024 --disk 10 m1.nano
+----------------------------+---------+
| Field                      | Value   |
+----------------------------+---------+
| OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled   | False   |
| OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral  | 0       |
| disk                       | 10      |
| id                         | 1       |
| name                       | m1.nano |
| os-flavor-access:is_public | True    |
| properties                 |         |
| ram                        | 1024    |
| rxtx_factor                | 1.0     |
| swap                       |         |
| vcpus                      | 2       |
+----------------------------+---------+

生成祕鑰對

生成金鑰(一個公鑰檔案和一個私鑰檔案),預設儲存在/root/.ssh/目錄下
[[email protected] ~]# ssh-keygen -q -N ""
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
[[email protected] ~]# ll /root/.ssh/
total 12
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Jun 11 13:26 id_rsa        #生成的私鑰檔案
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  397 Jun 11 13:26 id_rsa.pub    #生成的公鑰檔案
建立祕鑰對,並將生成的公鑰檔案新增到祕鑰對:
[[email protected] ~]# openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub testkey
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                                           |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| fingerprint | aa:e7:ee:6b:1d:c8:85:9f:11:d6:23:45:85:f2:aa:4a |
| name        | testkey                                         |
| user_id     | 19ba7d00b87c4132b4fc0c6ee8555fef                |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+

新增安全組規則,允許對例項進行ping和ssh訪問

[[email protected] ~]# openstack security group rule create --proto icmp default
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field             | Value                                |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| created_at        | 2018-04-22T09:58:50Z                 |
| description       |                                      |
| direction         | ingress                              |
| ether_type        | IPv4                                 |
| id                | 25873007-b5e0-48f8-9e5e-ae9251680bef |
| name              | None                                 |
| port_range_max    | None                                 |
| port_range_min    | None                                 |
| project_id        | 07f75876b05945e0816b6e219ee6c9f7     |
| protocol          | icmp                                 |
| remote_group_id   | None                                 |
| remote_ip_prefix  | 0.0.0.0/0                            |
| revision_number   | 0                                    |
| security_group_id | 5a0ff59e-01a4-4959-bf79-148d9ebff8d6 |
| updated_at        | 2018-04-22T09:58:50Z                 |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack security group rule create --proto tcp --dst-port 22 default
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field             | Value                                |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+
| created_at        | 2018-04-22T09:59:44Z                 |
| description       |                                      |
| direction         | ingress                              |
| ether_type        | IPv4                                 |
| id                | 7c187ba7-0436-45e6-8fb6-4028ae23504d |
| name              | None                                 |
| port_range_max    | 22                                   |
| port_range_min    | 22                                   |
| project_id        | 07f75876b05945e0816b6e219ee6c9f7     |
| protocol          | tcp                                  |
| remote_group_id   | None                                 |
| remote_ip_prefix  | 0.0.0.0/0                            |
| revision_number   | 0                                    |
| security_group_id | 5a0ff59e-01a4-4959-bf79-148d9ebff8d6 |
| updated_at        | 2018-04-22T09:59:44Z                 |
+-------------------+--------------------------------------+

確認相關配置

[[email protected] ~]# . demo-openrc
檢視例項型別
[[email protected] ~]# openstack flavor list
+----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name    | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 1  | m2.nano | 128 |    1 |         0 |     4 | True      |
+----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
檢視映象
[[email protected] ~]# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name            | Status |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+--------+
| d81e109c-acb0-4f65-b739-58b9595282e7 | cirros            | active |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------+--------+
檢視網路
[[email protected] ~]# openstack network list
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------
| ID                                   | Name     | Subnets                              |
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------
| 1daecc49-121e-4bb2-b161-3fdb6f104434 | provider | 0d276553-2cce-47a5-a57a-7f8997c7530c |
+--------------------------------------+----------+---------------------------------
檢視子網
[[email protected] ~]# neutron subnet-list
neutron CLI is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Use openstack CLI instead.
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| id                                   | name     | tenant_id                        | cidr            | allocation_pools                                     |
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| 0d276553-2cce-47a5-a57a-7f8997c7530c | provider | 2059d5d40c6a4d4ea37e5a80aa46b891 | 192.168.92.0/24 | {"start": "192.168.92.100", "end": "192.168.92.110"} |
+--------------------------------------+----------+----------------------------------+-----------------+------------------------------------------------------+

檢視安全組
[[email protected] ~]# openstack security group list
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------
| ID                                   | Name    | Description            | Project                          |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------
| 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 | default | Default security group | 07f75876b05945e0816b6e219ee6c9f7 |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------
檢視安全組規則
[[email protected] ~]# openstack security group rule list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+------
| ID                                   | IP Protocol | IP Range  | Port Range | Remote Security Group                | Security Group                       |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+------
| 001beda6-dc2f-4407-a76d-06bf8f883fd5 | None        | None      |            | 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 | 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 |
| 216c5d37-651d-43db-b887-0f21907ce43b | None        | None      |            | None                                 | 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 |
| 3e4b2165-0cc9-40ab-9eb1-8a8cb6898e46 | None        | None      |            | None                                 | 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 |
| 9f42fee7-fe56-4700-8bc0-d25f19c9eca3 | None        | None      |            | 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 | 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 |
| b5727d6d-f7ac-46ed-963b-32d42787cca9 | tcp         | 0.0.0.0/0 | 22:22      | None                                 | 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 |
| ce4f6edf-a59d-445c-ab8f-d396cb3178b6 | icmp        | 0.0.0.0/0 |            | None                                 | 0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105 |
+------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+------------+    
檢視祕鑰對
[[email protected] ~]# openstack keypair list
+---------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Name    | Fingerprint                                     |
+---------+-------------------------------------------------+
| testkey | aa:e7:ee:6b:1d:c8:85:9f:11:d6:23:45:85:f2:aa:4a |
+---------+-------------------------------------------------+

4.使用上傳的映象建立例項

[[email protected] ~]# . demo-openrc
[[email protected] ~]# openstack server create --flavor m1.nano --image CentOS7-image \
  --nic net-id=1daecc49-121e-4bb2-b161-3fdb6f104434 --security-group default \
  --key-name testkey centos7-cloudvm1
+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Field                       | Value                                                |
+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig           | MANUAL                                               |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone |                                                      |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state      | NOSTATE                                              |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state       | scheduling                                           |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state         | building                                             |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at      | None                                                 |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at    | None                                                 |
| accessIPv4                  |                                                      |
| accessIPv6                  |                                                      |
| addresses                   |                                                      |
| adminPass                   | k9Bm4rZokooG                                         |
| config_drive                |                                                      |
| created                     | 2018-05-16T02:10:10Z                                 |
| flavor                      | m1.nano (1)                                          |
| hostId                      |                                                      |
| id                          | 236d03f7-fa1b-4dde-818c-c37eb59a84cd                 |
| image                       | CentOS7-image (de63a620-43da-4325-9ed5-cce8e74451f0) |
| key_name                    | testkey                                              |
| name                        | centos7-cloudvm1                                     |
| progress                    | 0                                                    |
| project_id                  | 07f75876b05945e0816b6e219ee6c9f7                     |
| properties                  |                                                      |
| security_groups             | name='0b8e6943-af2e-4b16-9f06-da3ceb17e105'          |
| status                      | BUILD                                                |
| updated                     | 2018-05-16T02:10:15Z                                 |
| user_id                     | 19ba7d00b87c4132b4fc0c6ee8555fef                     |
| volumes_attached            |                                                      |
+-----------------------------+------------------------------------------------------
檢視例項狀態,active說明正常:
[[email protected] ~]# openstack server list
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+---------+---------------
| ID                                   | Name              | Status  | Networks                | Image         | Flavor  |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+---------+-------------------------+---------------+---------+
| 236d03f7-fa1b-4dde-818c-c37eb59a84cd | centos7-cloudvm1  | ACTIVE  | provider=192.168.92.103 | CentOS7-image | m1.nano |
| 2eed1b91-6f01-4808-acce-c1ec9cbe13e3 | provider-cirrosvm | SHUTOFF | provider=192.168.92.101 | cirros        | m1.nano |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+---------+---------------

5. 使用SSH訪問例項

在控制節點和外網ping例項IP地址,正常ping通:

[[email protected] ~]# ping -c 4 192.168.92.103
PING 192.168.92.103 (192.168.92.103) 56(84) bytes of data.  
64 bytes from 192.168.92.103: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.775 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.92.103: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.614 ms
C:\Users\zwpos>ping 192.168.92.103
正在 Ping 192.168.92.103 具有 32 位元組的資料:
來自 192.168.92.103 的回覆: 位元組=32 時間<1ms TTL=64
來自 192.168.92.103 的回覆: 位元組=32 時間<1ms TTL=64

從控制節點ssh登入例項,centos官方通用雲映象預設使用者名稱為centos:

說明:建立例項時已將生成的包含公鑰的祕鑰對注入虛擬機器例項,私鑰儲存在控制節點的/root/.ssh/目錄中,因此在controller節點中可以直接以SSH金鑰登入,而不是使用密碼登入。

[root@controller ~]# ssh [email protected]

修改root密碼:
[centos@centos7-cloudvm1 ~]$ sudo su root
[root@centos7-cloudvm1 centos]# passwd root
Changing password for user root.
New password: 
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password: 
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

開啟ssh遠端密碼登入:
[root@centos7-cloudvm1 ~]# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
63 PasswordAuthentication yes   #去掉註釋
64 #PermitEmptyPasswords no
65 #PasswordAuthentication no    #增加註釋

使用SSH遠端登入虛擬機器例項並測試網路連通性

Verify access to the provider physical network gateway:
驗證對提供者物理網路閘道器的訪問:
[[email protected] ~]# ping -c 4 192.168.92.2
PING 192.168.92.2 (192.168.92.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.92.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=5.82 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.92.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=0.476 ms

Verify access to the internet:
驗證訪問Internet:
[[email protected] ~]# ping -c 4 openstack.org
PING openstack.org (162.242.140.107) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 162.242.140.107 (162.242.140.107): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=292 ms
64 bytes from 162.242.140.107 (162.242.140.107): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=540 ms

相關推薦

no