本文是在CentOS7系統平臺下安裝Mysql5.6.26版本資料庫的操作說明，如有錯誤，請指正。

系統平臺：CentOS-7-x86_64  

資料庫版本：mysql-5.6.26

本次演示的Mysql安裝包版本：mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

1、新增mysql使用者組及mysql使用者

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd mysql

[[email protected] ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

2、將二進位制檔案解壓到指定的安裝目錄：/usr/local/mysql

到mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz包的目錄下，解壓到/usr/local目錄下：

[[email protected] tmp]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

到/usr/local/目錄中，重新命名解壓出來的目錄名，改為mysql：

[[email protected]alhost tmp]# cd /usr/local/

[[email protected] local]# mv mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
 

檢視此目錄下檔案：

[[email protected] local]# cd mysql/

[[email protected] mysql]# ls
bin     data  include         lib mysql-test  scripts  sql-bench
COPYING docs  INSTALL-BINARY  man README      share    support-files

注：/usr/local/mysql/下的目錄結構

3、建立mysql資料存放的目錄：/data/mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql

4、更改所屬的組和使用者

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

5、初始化mysql

註釋：以mysql使用者執行mysql_install_db指令碼，基本目錄為：/usr/local/mysql/，資料檔案目錄為：/data/mysql/

[[email protected] mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/

Installing MySQL system tables...2015-08-3114:24:16 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated.Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentationfor more details).
2015-08-31 14:24:16 0 [Note]/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.26) starting as process 36847 ...
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Memory barrier is not used
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Using Linux native AIO
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to becreated!
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2015-08-31 14:24:17 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Warning] InnoDB:New log files created, LSN=45781
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Doublewrite buffer created
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Warning] InnoDB:Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Foreign key constraint system tables created
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Waiting for purge to start
2015-08-31 14:24:18 36847 [Note] InnoDB:5.6.26 started; log sequence number 0
2015-08-31 14:24:19 36847 [Note] Binlog end
2015-08-31 14:24:19 36847 [Note] InnoDB:FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-08-31 14:24:19 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Starting shutdown...
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36847 [Note] InnoDB:Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
OK

Filling help tables...2015-08-31 14:24:20 0[Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for moredetails).
2015-08-31 14:24:20 0 [Note]/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.26) starting as process 36869 ...
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Memory barrier is not used
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Using Linux native AIO
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-08-31 14:24:20 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2015-08-31 14:24:21 36869 [Note] InnoDB:128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-08-31 14:24:21 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Waiting for purge to start
2015-08-31 14:24:21 36869 [Note] InnoDB:5.6.26 started; log sequence number 1625977
2015-08-31 14:24:21 36869 [Note] Binlog end
2015-08-31 14:24:21 36869 [Note] InnoDB:FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-08-31 14:24:21 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Starting shutdown...
2015-08-31 14:24:22 36869 [Note] InnoDB:Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have tocopy
support-files/mysql.server to the rightplace for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THEMySQL root USER !

To do so, start the server, then issue thefollowing commands:

 /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

 /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomainpassword 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

 /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option ofremoving the test

databases and anonymous user created bydefault.  This is

strongly recommended for productionservers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

  cd. ; /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon withmysql-test-run.pl

  cdmysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems athttp://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL isavailable on the web at

 http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses athttp://shop.mysql.com

New default config file was created as/usr/local/mysql//my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server whenyou start it.
You may edit this file to change serversettings

WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnfexists on the system
This file will be read by default by theMySQL server
If you do not want to use this, eitherremove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safewhen starting the server

注：本次啟動有一個報錯如下：

FATAL ERROR: please install the followingPerl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:

Data::Dumper

解決方案：

[[email protected] mysql]# yum install -yperl-Module-Install.noarch

6、修改my.cnf配置檔案

複製/usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.conf 檔案到/etc/ 目錄下，覆蓋原有的配置檔案mysql/my.cnf：

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf  /etc/my.cnf

修改/etc/my.cnf 檔案，指定datadir、basedir 路徑，同時開啟3306埠：

basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
port = 3306

7、複製mysql 啟動指令碼mysql.server 到/etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

8、修改啟動指令碼的許可權為755，賦予執行許可權

[[email protected] mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

9、通過chkconfig命令將mysqld服務加入到自啟動服務項中：

[[email protected] init.d]# pwd
/etc/init.d

[[email protected] init.d]# chkconfig --add mysqld

檢查是否加入到自動啟動

[[email protected] init.d]# chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld          0:off   1:off  2:on    3:on    4:on   5:on    6:off

10、啟動mysql服務：

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!

11、進入mysql

[[email protected] mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL CommunityServer (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarksof their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' toclear the current input statement.

mysql>

注：在/etc/profile中加入以下環境變數，可以用mysql代替/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql啟動

MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql

exportPATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin

設定後需要重新載入一下：

[[email protected] mysql]# source /etc/profile

再次進入mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>