MySQL的安裝分為三種：1、RPM包安裝；2、二進位制包安裝；3、原始碼安裝。 
第一種方式比較簡單，直接RPM包安裝就OK了，或者通過yum源來安裝，而第三種方式比較複雜。
一般專案中使用比較多的是通過二進位制包來安裝，這種安裝方式可以根據企業的不同需求進行相關的自定義配置，比如安裝在哪個目錄，如何配置等。
現在具體介紹一下Mysql的二進位制安裝方式

1：檢視系統版本
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

2：新增使用者和組
[[email protected]
 
 mysql]# groupadd mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

3：安裝mysql到/usr/local/mysql下
[[email protected] ~]# cd /tmp
[[email protected] tmp]# ll mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz 
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 304056226 11月 17 04:12 mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz
[[email protected]
 
 tmp]# tar zxf mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[[email protected] tmp]# cd /usr/local/
[[email protected] local]# mv mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-i686/ mysql
[[email protected] local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/
[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir /mydata
[[email protected]
 
 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata

4：初始化Mysql
[[email protected] /]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata
[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql *

5：修改Mysql主配置檔案
[[email protected] mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf  /etc/my.cnf  ##注：如果/etc/my.cnf檔案存在，則覆蓋。
[[email protected] mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
password        = 123456
port            = 3306
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
datadir = /mydata
port            = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
lower_case_table_names=1
max_connections=1000

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

6：為mysql提供服務指令碼
[[email protected] mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

7：新增開啟自啟
[[email protected] init.d]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[[email protected] init.d]# chkconfig mysqld on

8：啟動Mysql
[[email protected] init.d]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL...                                          [確定]
[[email protected] init.d]# service mysqld status
MySQL running (2068)                                       [確定]

9：新增環境變數
[[email protected] bin]# vi /etc/profile
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
export PATH
或
[[email protected] init.d]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

10：登入Mysql，修改密碼，刪除空使用者（密碼為空）
[[email protected] init.d]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+----------+
| user | host      | password |
+------+-----------+----------+
| root | localhost |          |
| root | centos    |          |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |          |
| root | ::1       |          |
|      | localhost |          |
|      | centos    |          |
+------+-----------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update mysql.user set password = PASSWORD('123456') where user = 'root';
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | centos    | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | ::1       | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
|      | localhost |                                           |
|      | centos    |                                           |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user ''@localhost;
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | centos    | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | ::1       | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
|      | centos    |                                           |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

mysql> use mysql
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | %         | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | centos    | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | ::1       | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
|      | centos    |                                           |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

參考：
http://blog.csdn.net/cnyyx/article/details/45151693
http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoit/p/3988640.html