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商務郵件寫法(轉)

轉自:http://bbs.wtojob.com/tid-152159.html,謝謝!!!

一封好的電子郵件應該在詞法、句法、語態、語言風格、篇章結構等方面措辭拖沓冗長、累贅重複;

使用簡單詞彙;避免使用有性別歧視的詞彙;儘量少用陳詞濫調及商業行話;避免使用意思模糊的表達;

避免使用否定的表達;措辭禮貌得體;為對方著想;多使用主動語態;多使用短句;使用現代商務英語;

風格自然、口語化;縮短或刪除寒暄及不切題的段落;開頭表明寫作目的;結尾避免畫蛇添足;使用小段

落。

一、避免措辭拖沓冗長、累贅重複(Avoid wordy and redundant phrases)

商務電子郵件的措辭應簡潔明瞭,若用過多詞彙來表達一個或兩個詞就能表達的意思,顯然會使寫作的內容拖沓冗長,觀點模糊,更會浪費讀者的時間。以下分別從“wordy”(拖沓冗長)和“redundant”(累贅重複)兩方面舉例說明。

Wordy(冗長)

at this point in time

in compliance with your request

Concise(簡潔) 

now

at your request

if

以上例子說明,商務電子郵件中應儘量多用簡潔的語言,使傳達的資訊直接、一目瞭然。此外,諸如“free

gift”,“foreign imports”等詞彙也過於累贅,有重複感。“gift”本身就是免費的,不需再加“free”,

同樣“imports”也是來自國外的,無須再加上“foreign”。請看以下例子,左邊有累贅重複感,右邊簡潔

明瞭,符合現代商務電子郵件標準:

Redundancy(重複)

actual experience

basic essentials

final outcome Concise(簡潔)

experience  

basics

outcome

二、使用小詞彙(Use small words)

初學商務郵件寫作時,一般人會認為用詞越難越好,越正式越好。殊不知現代商務郵件寫作要求多使用簡

單的小詞。一封措辭複雜、晦澀難懂的商務電子郵件只會浪費對方的更多時間,結果適得其反,因為對方

看不懂或沒有太多時間來欣賞你的文采,很可能會將你的郵件扔到垃圾箱。在商務活動中,商務電子郵件

的目的是為了溝通,傳達資訊並儘量說服對方,並不是向對方展示自己的文采。請看以下例子,右邊的小

詞短小精悍,詞義清晰易懂。

Big words(用詞過大)

commencement

currently

facilitate Small words(短小精悍)  

start

now

 help

三、避免使用有性別歧視的詞彙(Avoid sexist language)

現代社會中,隨著女性的地位不斷上升,越來越多的女性,尤其是女權運動主義者對含有性別歧視的字眼

很敏感。如今女性在商界所起的作用並不亞於男性,在商務溝通中,承認這一事實是一明智的選擇。商務

郵件中儘量避免使用有性別歧視的詞語,這對溝通雙方都有利。以下例子中,左邊不可取,右邊符合現代

商務電子郵件的趨勢:

Improper(不妥)

businessman

chairman

salesman

Proper(恰當)

businessperson (businesspeople)

chairperson

salesperson

在實際商務電子郵件中,可採取多種辦法來避免性別歧視,如:

1) 使用具體名詞,不用代詞。如:“Typically, a manager will call a meeting.”

2) 使用名詞的複數形式。如:“Employees must decide for themselves.” 而句子“Each employee must

decide for himself.”則含有性別歧視。

3) 用第二人稱代詞“you”代替有性別歧視的詞語。如:“You must sell three cars every month.”而

“All salesmen must sell three cars every month.”有性別歧視。

4) 採用“he or she”的形式。如:“A manager must make sure that he or she do the right job."

四、儘量少用陳詞濫調及商業行話(Use less clichés and jargon)

陳詞濫調(clichés)指的是那些由於使用過於頻繁而失去原來新鮮感和魅力的詞語。如:“first and

foremost”,“last but not least”等,雖然這些表達不會太陳舊,但由於用的太頻繁而成為陳詞濫調。類

似的表達還有:“bottom line,beyond the shadow of a doubt,bury the hatchet,state of the art,hit the

nail on the head,take the ball and run with it”。

商業行話(jargon)指某一特定行業人群使用的語言。幾乎每一行業都有自己的行話。在商務電子郵件中,

應儘可能使用同義詞來取代商業行話,避免產生誤解。以下是一些常見的商業行話(左邊)及其同義表達

(右邊)。

Jargon(行話)

deplane

in-service

interface 

Synonymous expressions(同義表達)

get off the plane 

provide on-the-job training

talk with

五、避免使用意思模糊的表達(Avoid vague expressions)

商務郵件寫作中,有時會出現一些模稜兩可的詞或短語,這種表達無疑會使讀者產生誤解,影響商務溝通。

因此,商務郵件寫作的措辭應具體化,結構清晰,內容清楚。使用特定、具體的表達能讓讀者在大腦中形

成一副形象、生動的畫面;而含糊其詞只會使讀者不識廬山真面目。有些商人由於圖方便常使用一些籠統、

模糊的詞語,導致商務溝通障礙。譬如:“Our contract will be finalized next week?”中的“finalized”

意思不夠明確,合同下週簽好,還是合同書下週將擬定好,或是下週同意簽約,讀者不知其解。商務電子

郵件中,類似表達應予以杜絕。以下還列舉了一些模糊表達(左邊)及其修改(右邊)。

Vague(模糊)

1. Does wholesale have a positive impact?

2.This will give us enough time to reach some meaningful conclusions.

Concrete(具體)                                   

1. Does wholesale increase our profits.

2.This will give us enough time to determine our budget.

六、避免使用否定的表達(Avoid negative wording)

人們經常在生氣時或抱怨時使用否定的詞或短語,這種表達常隱含對讀者批評或責備,因此不利於商務溝

通。商務郵件中應採用具有積極肯定的意義的詞語,儘量避免使用否定的表達。即便是想批評對方,也不

應在措辭上表露出來,應採用委婉或積極的語氣和語言,以便對方更好的接受。因為商務溝通的目的不是

為了批評或責備對方,也不是故意讓對方感到內疚,真正的目的是為了提供資訊或勸說對方採取有益的行

動,解決問題。

譬如:“You did not send us your L/C by the end of the month.”一句中的“did not”就含有責備的語氣,

暗示對方無能。再如:“Your lack of carefulness is the cause of the problem.”中的“lack of”則傳達了

對對方的嚴重不滿。這兩個例句可分別修改為:“Could you please send us your L/C by the end of this

month?”和“We would appreciate it if you could solve the problem for us.” 下列句子分別是否定(左

邊)與肯定(右邊)表達的對比:

Negative(否定)

1. This email is concerning your inability to remit payment on our invoice.

2. The pricing scheme you suggested for this product is not practical.

 Positive(肯定)

1. Did you receive our invoice?

2. If we can increase the profit by 10 percent, the pricing scheme you suggested could work.

七、措辭禮貌得體(Use courteous expressions)

禮貌是商務郵件寫作中的基本原則,無論何時,只要有必要,別忘了說“Thank you”、“Would you

please…”、“We would appreciate it…”等。但是,郵件寫作中的禮貌不僅僅是對以上所列舉之詞的適

時運用,還應注意其他有礙禮貌的幾個弊病,如:避免不信任;避免指責;避免居高臨下等。以下分別舉

例說明。

(一)避免不信任(Avoid suspicion)

諸如“If what you said is correct…”、“If that is as you claimed…”等之類語句往往讓人覺得你是在懷

疑對方的可信度。這樣不利於激發對方為你做出有益的舉動。試比較下列例句,右邊比左邊更妥當:

Improper(不妥)

1. We received the email of 7 May in which you claimed that the robot was faulty at the time of purchase.

2. If the commodities were damaged in transit, as you allege, we will be responsible for them.

 Proper(恰當)                                   

1. We have noticed in your email of 7 May that the machine was faulty at the time of purchase.

2. As you mentioned the commodities were damaged in transit, we will be responsible for them.

(二)避免指責(Avoid blaming)

無論何時,若想激發對方為你採取有益的行動,切忌指責對方。諸如“you neglected”、“you forgot”、

“you omitted”等語句都會給對方帶來不愉快,甚至冒犯對方。設想你是讀者,你會對下面左邊的句自有

何反映:

Improper(不妥)

1. Obviously, you forgot to send us the report by registered mail.

2. Why didn't you read the instruction before using the machine? Proper(恰當)

1. We did request that you send us by registered mail.

2. You are requested to read the instruction before using the machine.

(三)避免居高臨下(Avoid talking down)

商務溝通中,合作雙方是在平等互利的基礎上進行合作,任何一方凌駕於對方往往都會遭到失敗,失去商

業良機。試比較下列例子:

Improper(不妥)

1. In a company as large as ours, we seldom take an order of less than 2000 items.

2. You must visit our office next week. Proper(恰當)

1. Please notice that it is not our common practice to take an order of less than 2000 items.

2. Please visit our office next Tuesday.

八、為對方著想(Use your attitude)

商務郵件撰寫中,切記要考慮讀者或收件人的態度。“生意”(Business)這個詞包括“U”和“I”,即

“你”和“我”,但一般要把“你”放在“我”前面。所以,在商務郵件寫作中,要時刻考慮對方的需求,

應淡化“we”而強調“you”,要暫時忘掉自己,為對方著想。如果不充分顯示出對對方的重視,對方可

能不會感興趣。比較以下例句,顯然右邊比左邊更符合商務文體。

Our attitude(我方態度)

1. We want you to process the order by the end of this month.

2. Our savings accounts pay 6% interest. Your attitude(貴方態讀)

1. Your prompt process of this order will certainly help us to serve you better.

2. You will earn 6% interest form your savings accounts here.

雖說商務電子郵件中應使用“Your attitude”,但並非千篇一律,有時在指出對方的過失或答覆對方抱怨

信時,為了不惹怒、冒犯對方,儘量少用“Your attitude”,這樣也是為對方著想。如以下幾例:

Improper(不妥)

1. You did not send your payment on time.

2. You must visit our office next week. Proper(恰當)

1. We did not receive the payment on time.

2. Please visit our office next Tuesday.

從這些寫作原則中我們可以看出, 現代商務英語寫作趨於簡潔,尤其是電子郵件寫作。筆者希望通這八條

建議能給商務英語學習者有所啟發,能給他們帶來耳目一新、豁然開朗的感覺。在商務電子郵件寫作過程

中,應不僅要注意措詞造句,還要注意的表達語氣。

  • 北京空出YI代
  • 2009-9-12 19:26:00

正式的商務信函可以用到下列詞句,

(1)信的開頭:
Referring to previous contact   提及之前聯絡
Thank you for your interest…   感謝您…的興趣
With reference to your letter of/dated …in which…    關於您某月某日的來信……,其中談到……
Further to our conversation of …  關於我們某月某日的談話……

(2)接著要陳述寫這封mail的原因:
I am writing to confirm/apply for/ outline…    我寫此信是為了確認/申請/簡略地說明……
I'd like to thank/complain/comment on…      我想對……表示感謝/投訴/發表自己的看法
I am writing concerning…                    我寫此信是關於……

(3) 附件的寫法:
Please fine enclosed…             附上……
As requested, I enclosed…         應您要求,隨信附上……

(4) 最後要提出“保持聯絡”:
I look forward to hearing from you/meeting you/seeing you/working with you. 我希望收到您的回信/與您見面/與您共事。
I hope to hear from you soon. 希望儘快收到您的回信