1. 安裝依賴項

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libdc1394-22-dev # 處理影象所需的包
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-
 
dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev
sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev # 處理視訊所需的包
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran # 優化opencv功能
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
sudo apt-get install libjasper-dev

若出現如下錯誤：

[email protected]:~/Files/opencv-3.1.0$ sudo apt-
 
get install libjasper-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package libjasper-dev

2. 下載安裝

cd opencv-3.4.1
mkdir build
cd build

在終端執行：

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
make -j32
sudo make install
 

3. 測試

通過控制檯進入Python，輸入import cv2

[email protected]:~/Files/opencv-3.4.1/build$ python
Python 2.7.15rc1 (default, Apr 15 2018, 21:51:34) 
[GCC 7.3.0] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> 

沒有報錯的情況下表明安裝成功~

安裝中一些注意的小事項

• 在cmake步驟，可能會出現類似以下警告，只要不是錯誤，可以忽略

XXX..gch:not used because `OPENCV_TRAITS_ENABLE_DEPRECATED' is defined [-Winvalid-pch]

• 在make -j32步驟，可能會出現no target錯誤，此時可以下載一個新版本的OpenCV包。