PRE-INSTALL

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kvm相關安裝包及其作用

qemu-kvm 主要的KVM程式包

python-virtinst 建立虛擬機器所需要的命令列工具和程式庫

virt-manager GUI虛擬機器管理工具

virt-top 虛擬機器統計命令

virt-viewer GUI連線程式，連線到已配置好的虛擬機器

libvirt C語言工具包，提供libvirt服務

libvirt-client 為虛擬客戶機提供的C語言工具包

virt-install 基於libvirt服務的虛擬機器建立命令

bridge-utils 建立和管理橋接裝置的工具

INSTALL

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[[email protected] ~]# yum install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils

#檢視是否載入kvm模組

[[email protected] ~]# lsmod|grep kvm

kvm_intel             138567  0

kvm                   441119  1 kvm_intel

#如果沒有這兩條，可以用"modprobe kvm"載入；

#相關命令"insmod;rmmod;modinfo"

#啟動libvirtd

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start libvirtd;systemctl enable libvirtd

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep libvirtd

libvirtd.service                            enabled

NETWORK CONFIGURATION

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#修改網絡卡檔案eno16777736

[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

[[email protected] network-scripts]# echo "BRIDGE=br0" >> ifcfg-eno16777736   #在ifcfg-e**原網絡卡檔案中增加"BRIDGE=br0"

#新建網橋檔案ifcfg-br0(網橋名稱),增加內容如下

[[email protected] network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-br0

*************************************************

DEVICE=br0                                           

TYPE="Bridge"                                       #大小寫敏感，所以必須是Bridge

BOOTPROTO="dhcp"

ONBOOT="yes"

DELAY="0"

STP="yes"                                                #這一行是來啟動STP,和brctl命令列出來的結果有關

*************************************************

#重啟NetworkManager及network服務：

[[email protected] network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager

#當你手動修改了網絡卡檔案後，需要重啟NetworkManager服務來重新接管網路配置

#網絡卡配置檔案和NetworkManager配置衝突時，解決方案:｛1、重啟NetworkManager;2、關閉NetworkManager｝

[[email protected] network-scripts]# systemctl restart network

[[email protected] network-scripts]# ip a                                                   #ip命令用來檢視和管理ip資訊

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet6 ::1/128 scope host

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:0c:29:61:5c:1d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN

    link/ether 52:54:00:b6:45:5b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 500

    link/ether 52:54:00:b6:45:5b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

6: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP

    link/ether 00:0c:29:61:5c:1d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.0.32/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic br0

       valid_lft 11979sec preferred_lft 11979sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe61:5c1d/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

7: vnet0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UNKNOWN qlen 500

    link/ether fe:54:00:cb:63:b2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet6 fe80::fc54:ff:fecb:63b2/64 scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#檢視網橋連線

[[email protected] network-scripts]# brctl show                                              #brctl是一個網橋連線管理命令

bridge name      bridge id            STP enabled          interfaces  #如果上面不設定STP=yes，這裡就會顯示no

br0           8000.000c29615c1d        yes             eno16777736

                                                                                 vnet0

virbr0          8000.525400b6455b        yes             virbr0-nic

CLOSE SELINUX

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[[email protected] network-scripts]# setenforce 0

[[email protected] network-scripts]# getenforce

Permissive

[[email protected] network-scripts]#vi /etc/selinux/config

******************************************

SELINUX=permissive                                           #修改配置檔案使其永久生效

******************************************

CREATE A VM

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[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /var/kvm/images

[[email protected] ~]# virt-install \

--network bridge:br0 \

--name vm1 \

--ram=1024 \

--vcpus=1 \

--disk path=/var/kvm/images/vm1.img,size=10 \

--graphics none \

--location 'http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/os/x86_64/' \

--extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200"

#詳細每個引數的意義可以檢視擴充套件資料

#安裝過程會讓你選擇textmode 還是vnc,選擇textmode繼續安裝吧

#如果網路會有問題的話，儘量選擇用--cdrom /path/to/centos7.iso

#virt-install --name vm1 --ram=1024 --vcpus=1 --network bridge:br0 --disk path=/var/kvm/images/centos7.img,size=10 --graphics none --location=http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/os/x86_64/ --extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200"

PS:圖形化下安裝虛擬機器需要X-WINDOW和virt-manager，安裝虛擬機器之前的操作都一樣，圖形下操作很簡單

擴充套件資料

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http://wiki.centos.org/zh/HowTos/KVM

http://techlinux.net/2014/09/kvm-centos-7/

http://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=CentOS_7&p=kvm&f=2

本文出自 “三零妖人” 部落格，請務必保留此出處http://301ren.blog.51cto.com/8887653/1631133