前段時間對Spring的事務配置做了比較深入的研究，在此之間對Spring的事務配置雖說也配置過，但是一直沒有一個清楚的認識。通過這次的學習發覺Spring的事務配置只要把思路理清，還是比較好掌握的。

總結如下：

spring配置檔案中關於事務配置總是由三個組成部分，分別是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理機制這三部分，無論哪種配置方式，一般變化的只是代理機制這部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager這兩部分只是會根據資料訪問方式有所變化，比如使用hibernate進行資料訪問時，DataSource實際為SessionFactory，TransactionManager的實現為HibernateTransactionManager。

具體如下圖：

根據代理機制的不同，總結了五種Spring事務的配置方式，配置檔案如下：

第一種方式：每個Bean都有一個代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <beanid="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <propertyname="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/> <propertyname="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"/> </bean> <!-- 定義事務管理器（宣告式的事務）--> <beanid="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <propertyname="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <!-- 配置DAO--> <beanid="userDaoTarget"class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> <propertyname="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <beanid="userDao" 
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> <!-- 配置事務管理器 --> <propertyname="transactionManager"ref="transactionManager"/> <propertyname="target"ref="userDaoTarget"/> <propertyname="proxyInterfaces"value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"/> <!-- 配置事務屬性--> <propertyname="transactionAttributes"> <props> <propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean></beans>

第二種方式：所有Bean共享一個代理基類

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <beanid="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <propertyname="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/> <propertyname="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"/> </bean> <!-- 定義事務管理器（宣告式的事務）--> <beanid="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <propertyname="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <beanid="transactionBase" 
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" 
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true"> <!-- 配置事務管理器--> <propertyname="transactionManager"ref="transactionManager"/> <!-- 配置事務屬性--> <propertyname="transactionAttributes"> <props> <propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置DAO--> <beanid="userDaoTarget"class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> <propertyname="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <beanid="userDao"parent="transactionBase"> <propertyname="target"ref="userDaoTarget"/> </bean></beans>

第三種方式：使用攔截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <beanid="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <propertyname="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/> <propertyname="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"/> </bean> <!-- 定義事務管理器（宣告式的事務）--> <beanid="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <propertyname="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <beanid="transactionInterceptor" 
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor"> <propertyname="transactionManager"ref="transactionManager"/> <!-- 配置事務屬性--> <propertyname="transactionAttributes"> <props> <propkey="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <beanclass="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"> <propertyname="beanNames"> <list> <value>*Dao</value> </list> </property> <propertyname="interceptorNames"> <list> <value>transactionInterceptor</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置DAO--> <beanid="userDao"class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> <propertyname="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean></beans>

第四種方式：使用tx標籤配置的攔截器（常用）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config/> <context:component-scanbase-package="com.bluesky"/> <beanid="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <propertyname="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/> <propertyname="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"/> </bean> <!-- 定義事務管理器（宣告式的事務）--> <beanid="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <propertyname="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <tx:adviceid="txAdvice"transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:methodname="*"propagation="REQUIRED"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <aop:config> <aop:pointcutid="interceptorPointCuts"
            expression="execution(* com.xy.BaseServiceImpl.*(..))"/> <aop:advisoradvice-ref="txAdvice"
            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts"/> </aop:config></beans>

第五種方式：全註解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config/> <context:component-scanbase-package="com.bluesky"/> <tx:annotation-driventransaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <beanid="sessionFactory" 
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <propertyname="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/> <propertyname="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"/> </bean> <!-- 定義事務管理器（宣告式的事務）--> <beanid="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <propertyname="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean></beans>

此時在DAO上需加上@Transactional註解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
publicclassUserDaoImplextendsHibernateDaoSupportimplements UserDao {

    public List<User>listUsers() {
        returnthis.getSession().createQuery("from User"