1. 程式人生 > >React Native未來導航者:react-navigation 使用詳解(進階篇)

React Native未來導航者:react-navigation 使用詳解(進階篇)

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本篇內容為react-navigation的進階內容以及高階用法。基礎篇請看:


(1)適配頂部導航欄標題:
   測試中發現,在iphone上標題欄的標題為居中狀態,而在Android上則是居左對齊。所以需要我們修改原始碼,進行適配。
【node_modules -- react-navigation -- src -- views -- Header.js】的326行程式碼處,修改為如下:

 title: {
    bottom: 0,
    left: TITLE_OFFSET,
    right: TITLE_OFFSET,
    top: 0,
    position: 'absolute',
    alignItems: 'center',
  }

上面方法通過修改原始碼的方式其實略有弊端,畢竟擴充套件性不好。還有另外一種方式就是,在navigationOptions中設定headerTitleStyle的alignSelf為 ' center '即可解決。

(2)去除返回鍵文字顯示:

【node_modules -- react-navigation -- src -- views -- HeaderBackButton.js】的91行程式碼處,修改為如下即可。

       {Platform.OS === 'ios' &&
            title &&
            <Text
              onLayout={this._onTextLayout}
              style={[styles.title, { color: tintColor }]}
              numberOfLines={1}
            >
              {backButtonTitle}
            </Text>}

將上述程式碼刪除即可。

(3)動態設定頭部按鈕事件:

當我們在頭部設定左右按鈕時,肯定避免不了要設定按鈕的單擊事件,但是此時會有一個問題,navigationOptions是被修飾為static型別的,所以我們在按鈕的onPress的方法中不能直接通過this來呼叫Component中的方法。如何解決呢?在官方文件中,作者給出利用設定params的思想來動態設定頭部標題。那麼我們可以利用這種方式,將單擊回撥函式以引數的方式傳遞到params,然後在navigationOption中利用navigation來取出設定到onPress即可:

    componentDidMount () {
        /**
         * 將單擊回撥函式作為引數傳遞
         */
        this.props.navigation.setParams({
                switch: () => this.switchView()
        });
    }
    /**
     * 切換檢視
     */
    switchView() {
        alert('切換')
    }
    static navigationOptions = ({navigation,screenProps}) => ({
        headerTitle: '企業服務',
        headerTitleStyle: CommonStyles.headerTitleStyle,
        headerRight: (
            <NavigatorItem icon={ Images.ic_navigator } onPress={ ()=> navigation.state.params.switch() }/>
        ),
        headerStyle: CommonStyles.headerStyle
    });
    componentDidMount () {
        /**
         * 將單擊回撥函式作為引數傳遞
         */
        this.props.navigation.setParams({
                switch: () => this.switchView()
        });
    }
    /**
     * 切換檢視
     */
    switchView() {
        alert('切換')
    }
    static navigationOptions = ({navigation,screenProps}) => ({
        headerTitle: '企業服務',
        headerTitleStyle: CommonStyles.headerTitleStyle,
        headerRight: (
            <NavigatorItem icon={ Images.ic_navigator } onPress={ ()=> navigation.state.params.switch() }/>
        ),
        headerStyle: CommonStyles.headerStyle
    });

(4)結合BackHandler處理返回和點選返回鍵兩次退出App效果

點選返回鍵兩次退出App效果的需求屢見不鮮。相信很多人在react-navigation下實現該功能都遇到了很多問題,例如,其他介面不能返回。也就是手機本身返回事件在react-navigation之前攔截了。如何結合react-natigation實現呢?和大家分享兩種實現方式:

(1)在註冊StackNavigator的介面中,註冊BackHandler:

    componentWillMount(){
        BackHandler.addEventListener('hardwareBackPress', this._onBackAndroid );
    }


    componentUnWillMount(){
        BackHandler.addEventListener('hardwareBackPress', this._onBackAndroid);
    }

    _onBackAndroid=()=>{
        let now = new Date().getTime();
        if(now - lastBackPressed < 2500) {
            return false;
        }
        lastBackPressed = now;
        ToastAndroid.show('再點選一次退出應用',ToastAndroid.SHORT);
        return true;
    }


(2)監聽react-navigation的Router

/**
 * 處理安卓返回鍵
 */
const defaultStateAction = AppNavigator.router.getStateForAction;
AppNavigator.router.getStateForAction = (action,state) => {
    if(state && action.type === NavigationActions.BACK && state.routes.length === 1) {
        if (lastBackPressed + 2000 < Date.now()) {
            ToastAndroid.show(Constant.hint_exit,ToastAndroid.SHORT);
            lastBackPressed = Date.now();
            const routes = [...state.routes];
            return {
                ...state,
                ...state.routes,
                index: routes.length - 1,
            };
        }
    }
    return defaultStateAction(action,state);
};

(5)實現Android中介面跳轉左右切換動畫

react-navigation在Android中預設的介面切換動畫是上下。如何實現左右切換呢?很簡單的配置即可:

import CardStackStyleInterpolator from 'react-navigation/src/views/CardStackStyleInterpolator';

然後在StackNavigator的配置下新增如下程式碼:

        transitionConfig:()=>({
            screenInterpolator: CardStackStyleInterpolator.forHorizontal,
        })

(6)解決快速點選多次跳轉

當我們快速點選跳轉時,會開啟多個重複的介面,如何解決呢。其實在官方git中也有提示,解決這個問題需要修改react-navigation原始碼:

找到src資料夾中的addNavigationHelpers.js檔案,替換為如下文字即可:

export default function<S: *>(navigation: NavigationProp<S, NavigationAction>) {
  // 新增點選判斷
  let debounce = true;
  return {
      ...navigation,
      goBack: (key?: ?string): boolean =>
          navigation.dispatch(
              NavigationActions.back({
                  key: key === undefined ? navigation.state.key : key,
              }),
          ),
      navigate: (routeName: string,
                 params?: NavigationParams,
                 action?: NavigationAction,): boolean => {
          if (debounce) {
              debounce = false;
              navigation.dispatch(
                  NavigationActions.navigate({
                      routeName,
                      params,
                      action,
                  }),
              );
              setTimeout(
                  () => {
                      debounce = true;
                  },
              500,
              );
              return true;
          }
          return false;
      },
    /**
     * For updating current route params. For example the nav bar title and
     * buttons are based on the route params.
     * This means `setParams` can be used to update nav bar for example.
     */
    setParams: (params: NavigationParams): boolean =>
      navigation.dispatch(
        NavigationActions.setParams({
          params,
          key: navigation.state.key,
        }),
      ),
  };
}

(7)解決goBack,根據路由名稱返回指定介面

react-navigation預設不支援根據路由名返回指定介面,官方只提供了根據Key來做goBack的指定返回。解決這個問題同樣需要修改react-navigation原始碼,在Navigation.goBack條件下新增對路由名的支援。找到/node_modules/react-navigation/src/routers/StackRouter.js, 全域性搜尋backRoute,將條件判斷語句替換為如下程式碼:

if (
  action.type === NavigationActions.BACK ||
  action.type === StackActions.POP
) {
  const { key, n, immediate } = action;
  let backRouteIndex = state.index;
  if (action.type === StackActions.POP && n != null) {
    // determine the index to go back *from*. In this case, n=1 means to go
    // back from state.index, as if it were a normal "BACK" action
    backRouteIndex = Math.max(1, state.index - n + 1);
  } else  if (key) {
    const backRoute = null;
    if(key.indexOf('id') >= 0) {
      backRoute = state.routes.find((route: *) => route.key === action.key);
    } else {
      backRoute = state.routes.find(route => route.routeName === action.key);
    }
    backRouteIndex = state.routes.indexOf(backRoute);
  }
  if (backRouteIndex == null) {
    return StateUtils.pop(state);
  }

  if (backRouteIndex > 0) {
    return {
      ...state,
      routes: state.routes.slice(0, backRouteIndex),
      index: backRouteIndex - 1,
      isTransitioning: immediate !== true,
    };
  }
}

(8)自定義Tab

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import {
    AppRegistry,
    Platform,
    StyleSheet,
    Text,
    View,
    TouchableOpacity,
    NativeModules,
    ImageBackground,
    DeviceEventEmitter
} from 'react-native';

export default class Tab extends Component {
    renderItem = (route, index) => {
        const {
            navigation,
            jumpToIndex,
        } = this.props;

        const focused = index === navigation.state.index;
        const color = focused ? this.props.activeTintColor : this.props.inactiveTintColor;
        let TabScene = {
            focused:focused,
            route:route,
            tintColor:color
        };

        if(index==1){
            return (<View style={[styles.tabItem,{backgroundColor:'transparent'}]}>
                    </View>
            );
        }

        return (
            <TouchableOpacity
                key={route.key}
                style={styles.tabItem}
                onPress={() => jumpToIndex(index)}
            >
                <View
                    style={styles.tabItem}>
                    {this.props.renderIcon(TabScene)}
                    <Text style={{ ...styles.tabText,marginTop:SCALE(10),color }}>{this.props.getLabel(TabScene)}</Text>
                </View>
            </TouchableOpacity>
        );
    };
    render(){
        const {navigation,jumpToIndex} = this.props;
        const {routes,} = navigation.state;
        const focused = 1 === navigation.state.index;
        const color = focused ? this.props.activeTintColor : this.props.inactiveTintColor;
        let TabScene = {
            focused:focused,
            route:routes[1],
            tintColor:color
        };
        return (
        <View style={{width:WIDTH}}>
            <View style={styles.tab}>
                {routes && routes.map((route,index) => this.renderItem(route, index))}
            </View>
            <TouchableOpacity
            key={"centerView"}
            style={[styles.tabItem,{position:'absolute',bottom:0,left:(WIDTH-SCALE(100))/2,right:WIDTH-SCALE(100),height:SCALE(120)}]}
            onPress={() => jumpToIndex(1)}
        >
            <View
                style={styles.tabItem}>
                {this.props.renderIcon(TabScene)}
                <Text style={{ ...styles.tabText,marginTop:SCALE(10),color }}>{this.props.getLabel(TabScene)}</Text>
            </View>
        </TouchableOpacity>
        </View>
        );
    }
}
const styles = {
    tab:{
        width:WIDTH,
        backgroundColor:'transparent',
        flexDirection:'row',
        justifyContent:'space-around',
        alignItems:'flex-end'
    },
    tabItem:{
        height:SCALE(80),
        width:SCALE(100),
        alignItems:'center',
        justifyContent:'center'
    },
    tabText:{
        marginTop:SCALE(13),
        fontSize:FONT(10),
        color:Color.C7b7b7b
    },
    tabTextChoose:{
        color:Color.f3474b
    },
    tabImage:{
        width:SCALE(42),
        height:SCALE(42),
    },
}
    componentDidMount () {
        /**
         * 將單擊回撥函式作為引數傳遞
         */
        this.props.navigation.setParams({
                switch: () => this.switchView()
        });
    }
    /**
     * 切換檢視
     */
    switchView() {
        alert('切換')
    }
    static navigationOptions = ({navigation,screenProps}) => ({
        headerTitle: '企業服務',
        headerTitleStyle: CommonStyles.headerTitleStyle,
        headerRight: (
            <NavigatorItem icon={ Images.ic_navigator } onPress={ ()=> navigation.state.params.switch() }/>
        ),
        headerStyle: CommonStyles.headerStyle
    });

(9)如何在螢幕控制元件之外的模組獲取當前介面及navigation例項

很多情況下,我們都需要處理登入token失效的情況。例如:在當前裝置登入後不退出,此時在另一臺裝置登入,導致第一個裝置使用者登入狀態失效,此時在第一臺裝置操作網路請求時,需要提醒使用者登入失效,跳轉登入介面,並重新登入。

這種需求很常見,關於網路請求我們一般會封裝為一個HttpUtil。然後在Component中去呼叫。此時如果需要處理登入失效的跳轉邏輯,需要寫在HttpUtil,那麼在HttpUtil中就沒辦法獲取navigation來做跳轉,那麼如何解決呢?下面提供一種方案,很實用:

定義一個Component的基類,包含當前顯示的Component例項:screen,以及導航函式。

import React, {Component} from 'react';

export default class Base extends Component {
    static screen;

    constructor(props) {
        super(props);
        Base.screen = this; 
    }

    nav() {
        return this.props.navigation;
    }
}

在其他元件/模組中,我可以呼叫它來導航到不同的螢幕:

Base.screen.nav().navigate(...);

這樣不管在哪個螢幕上,並且可以隨時獲取導航物件以在需要時重定向使用者。

(10)react-navigation高階用法:實現自定義Tab切換效果。

react-navigation 庫中提供了實現自定義Router切換的方式,需要用到的元件如下:

  TabRouter,
  createNavigator,
  createNavigationContainer

1. TabRouter用來自定義路由棧

2. createNavigator用來建立導航元件

3. createNavigationContainer作為導航元件的容器元件

自定義Router切換的流程大致如下:

1. 建立StackNavigator

2. 建立TabRouter

3. 定義導航樣式

4. 定義整體路由切換元件

5. 建立Navigator

來看核心程式碼:

// 介面元件
import FirstPage from './scene/FirstPage';
import SecondPage from './scene/SecondPage';
import ThirdPage from './scene/ThirdPage';
import DetailPage from './scene/DetailPage';
// 引入 react-navigation 核心元件
import { 
  TabRouter,
  StackNavigator, 
  createNavigator,
  addNavigationHelpers,
  createNavigationContainer,
} from 'react-navigation';
// 建立 3個 StackNavigator
const FirstScreen = StackNavigator(
  {
    First: {
      screen: FirstPage
    },
    Detail: {
      screen: DetailPage
    }
  }
);

const SecondScreen = StackNavigator(
  {
    Second: {
      screen: SecondPage
    }
  }
);

const ThirdScreen = StackNavigator(
  {
    Third: {
      screen: ThirdPage
    }
  }
);
// 定義 TabRouter

const FirstScene = ({ navigation }) => (
  <FirstScreen />
);
const SecondScene = ({ navigation }) => (
  <SecondScreen />
);
const ThirdScene = ({ navigation }) => (
  <ThirdScreen />
);

const CustomTabRouter = TabRouter(
  {
    First: {
      screen: FirstScene,
      path: 'firstScene'
    },
    Second: {
      screen: SecondScene,
      path: 'secondScene'
    },
    Third: {
      screen: ThirdScene,
      path: 'thirdScene'
    },
  },
  {
    initialRouteName: 'First'
  }
);
// 定義TabBar
const CustomTabBar = ({ navigation, activeRouteName }) => {
  const { routes } = navigation.state;
  return (
    <View style={ styles.tabContainer }>
      <ScrollView>
          {
            routes.map((route, index)=>(
              <TouchableOpacity 
                key={ index } 
                onPress={() => navigation.navigate(route.routeName)}>
                <Text style={[ 
                  styles.tabbarText, 
                  activeRouteName === route.routeName ? styles.active : styles.inactive
                  ]}>
                  { route.routeName }
                </Text>
              </TouchableOpacity>
            ))
          }
      </ScrollView>
    </View>
  )
}
// 定義TabView 
const CustomTabView = ({ router,navigation }) => {
  const { routes, index } = navigation.state;
  const activeRouteName = routes[index].routeName;
  const ActiveScreen = router.getComponentForRouteName(activeRouteName);
  return(
    <View style={ styles.container }>
      <CustomTabBar 
        navigation={ navigation } 
        activeRouteName={ activeRouteName } />
      <ActiveScreen 
        navigation={
          addNavigationHelpers(
            {
              dispath: navigation.dispatch,
              state: routes[index]
            }
          )
        }
      />
    </View>
  )
}
// 建立Navigator
const CustomTabs = createNavigationContainer(
  createNavigator(CustomTabRouter)(CustomTabView)
)
export default CustomTabs;
// Style 樣式
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
  tabContainer: {
    width: 86,
    zIndex: 888,
    flexDirection:'column',
    alignItems:'center',
    justifyContent:'center',
    backgroundColor: '#e7e7e7',
    borderRightWidth:1,
    borderColor: '#e0e0e0'
  },
  tabbarText: {
    fontSize: 18,
    fontWeight: 'bold',
    marginTop: 20,
    marginBottom: 20,
    color: 'black'
  },
  active: {
    color: 'red',
  },
  inactive: {
    color: 'black',
  },
  container: {
    flexDirection:'row',
    flex: 1,
  }
});

通過上述程式碼,我們就可以創建出類似於餓了麼App中商品分類的模組切換效果。

(11)定義某個介面的切換動畫效果

有時候產品會存在某個介面的切換動畫和其他不同,那麼如何實現呢?很簡單,只需要在StackNavigator中配置引數下宣告以下程式碼:

transitionConfig:()=>({
        screenInterpolator:
        (props)=> {
            const { scene } = props
            if (scene.route.routeName === 'VIPDetailPage') {
                return  CardStackStyleInterpolator.forFade
            } else {
                return CardStackStyleInterpolator.forHorizontal(props)
            }
       }
    })

效果圖

自定義TabRouter: