MySQL下載

環境資訊

• MySQL : 5.5.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
• Linux : Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago)

安裝

檢查是否已安裝

rpm -qa|grep -i mysql

如返回:

mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

表示已安裝庫檔案，需先解除安裝，解除安裝命令如下:

rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64 --nodeps

注意需新增 –nodeps 引數忽略依賴，否則會出錯

配置使用者及使用者組

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

安裝服務端軟體

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

注意切換到root使用者
輸出如下

Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-server           ########################################### [100%]
 


PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h TMCT-127.152 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of
 
 removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

啟動MySQL服務

service mysql start

檢視MySQL是否啟動成功

netstat -anp|grep 3306

輸出:

tcp   0   0 0.0.0.0:3306    0.0.0.0:*     LISTEN

安裝MySQL客戶端軟體

rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.17-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

配置MySQL

執行mysql_secure_installation

sh /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

mysql_secure_installation主要執行配置瞭如下幾件事:

• 為root使用者設定密碼
• 刪除匿名賬號
• 取消root使用者遠端登入
• 刪除test庫和對test庫的訪問許可權
• 重新整理授權表使修改生效

登入mysql

mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1

執行mysql_secure_installation後需指定host為127.0.0.1

建立使用者及授權

create user 'username'@'%' identified by 'password';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'username'@'%' with grant option;

privileges - 使用者的操作許可權,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等

配置雙例項

拷貝現有資料庫檔案

cp -r /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql_3307

給資料庫檔案賦許可權

chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql_3307

建立一個新的空資料庫

mysql_install_db --datadir=/var/lib/mysql_3307 --user=mysql

建立multi的配置cnf檔案

touch /usr/local/my_multi.cnf

內容如下

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld     = /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/bin/mysqladmin
user       = root　　　　#用於登陸和關閉此服務
password   = 123456　　　#同上

[mysqld3307]
socket     = /tmp/mysql_3307.sock
port       = 3307
pid-file   = /var/lib/mysql_3307/3307.pid
datadir    = /var/lib/mysql_3307/
log        = /var/lib/mysql_3307/3307.log
character-set-server    = utf8
user       = mysql

啟動你的多例項

mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/usr/local/my_multi.cnf start 3307

檢查是否啟動成功

netstat -ntlp

登入新例項

mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mysql_3307.sock -p

再次確認

show variables like '%datadir%';

配置主從例項

my_multi.cnf配置

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld     = /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/bin/mysqladmin
log        = /opt/log/mysql/mysqld_multi.log


[mysqld3306]
socket     = /tmp/mysql_3306.sock
port       = 3306
pid-file   = /var/lib/mysql/3306.pid
datadir    = /var/lib/mysql/
log        = /var/lib/mysql/3306.log
character-set-server    = utf8
user       = mysql
server-id  = 9306
log-bin    = /var/lib/mysql/binlog
log-bin-index = /var/lib/mysql/binlog.index
binlog-ignore-db="mysql,test"

[mysqld3307]
socket     = /tmp/mysql_3307.sock
port       = 3307
pid-file   = /var/lib/mysql_3307/3307.pid
datadir    = /var/lib/mysql_3307/
log        = /var/lib/mysql_3307/3307.log
character-set-server    = utf8
user       = mysql
server-id  = 9307
relay-log  = /var/lib/mysql_3307/relay_bin
relay-log-index = /var/lib/mysql_3307/relay_bin.index
log_slave_updates = 1
read_only  = 1

master需指定log-bin、log-bin-index
slave需指定relay-log、relay-log-index
檔案許可權需指定為mysql.mysql
master，slave的service-id不能相同
mysqld組後只能跟數字

啟動命令:

mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=./my_multi.cnf start

登入主庫 建立複製使用者

grant replication slave, replication client on *.* to [email protected]'localhost' identified by 'repl';
flush privileges;

登入主庫檢視主備日誌

show master logs;

結果如下

+---------------+-----------+
| Log_name      | File_size |
+---------------+-----------+
| binlog.000001 |       107 |
+---------------+-----------+

登入從庫

reset slave;

change master to master_host='localhost', MASTER_PORT=3306, master_user='repl', master_password='repl', master_log_file='binlog.000001', master_log_pos=107;

start slave; 

master_log_file：master日誌檔案
master_log_pos：master日誌檔案開始同步位置