微信開發獲取地理位置例項(java,非常詳細,附工程原始碼)
在本篇部落格之前,博主已經寫了4篇關於微信相關文章,其中三篇是本文基礎:
1、微信開發之入門教程,該文章詳細講解了企業號體驗號免費申請與一些必要的配置,以及如何呼叫微信介面。
2、微信開發之通過代理除錯本地專案,該文章詳細講解了如何除錯本地專案,使用工具的詳細安裝與配置。
對於初學者,可能還不知道訂閱號、服務號、和企業號的區別,博主之前也是一直沒有弄清楚,因此查閱資料整理了一篇部落格供大家閱讀:微信服務號、訂閱號和企業號的區別(運營和開發兩個角度)。建議有時間得猿友還是閱讀一下為好。
上面的文章內容雖然有點多而且繁瑣,看完之後不敢說已經入門,但是初步瞭解,自己寫例項是沒有問題的。不積跬步無以至千里,希望猿友們耐心繼續下去!!!!!!
上面的文章內容雖然有點多而且繁瑣,看完之後不敢說已經入門,但是初步瞭解,自己寫例項是沒有問題的。不積跬步無以至千里,希望猿友們耐心繼續下去!!!!!!
上面的文章內容雖然有點多而且繁瑣,看完之後不敢說已經入門,但是初步瞭解,自己寫例項是沒有問題的。不積跬步無以至千里,希望猿友們耐心繼續下去!!!!!!
期間可能會遇到一些坑,歡迎與博主評論交流
有了上面的基礎,接下來博主將分享一個具體的微信開發例項,獲取使用者當前的地理位置。
一、結果演示
二、程式碼及程式碼講解
本工程使用的環境是eclipse + maven + springmvc,下面附上關鍵程式碼,springmvc和web.xml相關配置和maven相關依賴就不一一列舉,最後會附上工程供大家下載。
2.1、獲取簽名工具類(httpclient和sha1加密)
package com.luo.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util .List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public class HttpXmlClient {
public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
String body = null;
HttpPost post = postForm(url, params);
body = invoke(httpclient, post);
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
return body;
}
public static String get(String url) {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
String body = null;
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
body = invoke(httpclient, get);
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
return body;
}
private static String invoke(DefaultHttpClient httpclient,
HttpUriRequest httpost) {
HttpResponse response = sendRequest(httpclient, httpost);
String body = paseResponse(response);
return body;
}
private static String paseResponse(HttpResponse response) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String charset = EntityUtils.getContentCharSet(entity);
String body = null;
try {
body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return body;
}
private static HttpResponse sendRequest(DefaultHttpClient httpclient,
HttpUriRequest httpost) {
HttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(httpost);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
private static HttpPost postForm(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();
for (String key : keySet) {
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
try {
httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return httpost;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//獲取access_token
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("corpid","wx5f24fa0db1819ea2");
params.put("corpsecret","uQtWzF0bQtl2KRHX0amekjpq8L0aO96LSpSNfctOBLRbuYPO4DUBhMn0_v2jHS-9");
String xml = HttpXmlClient.post("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken",params);
JSONObject jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
Iterator<String> it = jsonMap.keys();
while(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String access_token = map.get("access_token");
System.out.println("access_token=" + access_token);
//獲取ticket
params.put("access_token",access_token);
xml = HttpXmlClient.post("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket",params);
jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
map = new HashMap<String, String>();
it = jsonMap.keys();
while(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String jsapi_ticket = map.get("ticket");
System.out.println("jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket);
//獲取簽名signature
String noncestr = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
String url="http://mp.weixin.qq.com";
String str = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket +
"&noncestr=" + noncestr +
"×tamp=" + timestamp +
"&url=" + url;
//sha1加密
String signature = SHA1(str);
System.out.println("noncestr=" + noncestr);
System.out.println("timestamp=" + timestamp);
System.out.println("signature=" + signature);
//最終獲得呼叫微信js介面驗證需要的三個引數noncestr、timestamp、signature
}
/**
* @author:羅國輝
* @date: 2015年12月17日 上午9:24:43
* @description: SHA、SHA1加密
* @parameter: str:待加密字串
* @return: 加密串
**/
public static String SHA1(String str) {
try {
MessageDigest digest = java.security.MessageDigest
.getInstance("SHA-1"); //如果是SHA加密只需要將"SHA-1"改成"SHA"即可
digest.update(str.getBytes());
byte messageDigest[] = digest.digest();
// Create Hex String
StringBuffer hexStr = new StringBuffer();
// 位元組陣列轉換為 十六進位制 數
for (int i = 0; i < messageDigest.length; i++) {
String shaHex = Integer.toHexString(messageDigest[i] & 0xFF);
if (shaHex.length() < 2) {
hexStr.append(0);
}
hexStr.append(shaHex);
}
return hexStr.toString();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
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2.2、controller程式碼(儘可能仔細閱讀下面的每一行程式碼,特別是url部分)
package com.luo.controller;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.luo.util.HttpXmlClient;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/")
public ModelAndView getIndex(HttpServletRequest request){
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
//獲取access_token
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("corpid","wx7099477f2de8aded");
params.put("corpsecret","4clWzENvHVmpcyuA4toys0URkfYanIqWtxZ5plbisn6Cd5AVTF0thpaK6UAhjIvN");
String xml = HttpXmlClient.post("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken",params);
JSONObject jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
Iterator<String> it = jsonMap.keys();
while(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String access_token = map.get("access_token");
//獲取ticket
params.put("access_token",access_token);
xml = HttpXmlClient.post("https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket",params);
jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
map = new HashMap<String, String>();
it = jsonMap.keys();
while(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String jsapi_ticket = map.get("ticket");
//獲取簽名signature
String noncestr = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
//獲取請求url
String path = request.getContextPath();
//以為我配置的選單是http://yo.bbdfun.com/first_maven_project/,最後是有"/"的,所以url也加上了"/"
String url = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + path + "/";
String str = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket +
"&noncestr=" + noncestr +
"×tamp=" + timestamp +
"&url=" + url;
//sha1加密
String signature = HttpXmlClient.SHA1(str);
mav.addObject("signature", signature);
mav.addObject("timestamp", timestamp);
mav.addObject("noncestr", noncestr);
mav.addObject("appId", "wx7099477f2de8aded");
System.out.println("jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket);
System.out.println("noncestr=" + noncestr);
System.out.println("timestamp=" + timestamp);
System.out.println("url=" + url);
System.out.println("str=" + str);
System.out.println("signature=" + signature);
return mav;
}
}
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2.3、前端js程式碼(儘可能仔細閱讀下面的每一行程式碼)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js"></script>
<script>
wx.config({
debug: true, // 開啟除錯模式,呼叫的所有api的返回值會在客戶端alert出來,若要檢視傳入的引數,可以在pc端開啟,引數資訊會通過log打出,僅在pc端時才會列印。
appId: '${appId}', // 必填,企業號的唯一標識,此處填寫企業號corpid
timestamp: parseInt("${timestamp}",10), // 必填,生成簽名的時間戳
nonceStr: '${noncestr}', // 必填,生成簽名的隨機串
signature: '${signature}',// 必填,簽名,見附錄1
jsApiList: ['getLocation'] // 必填,需要使用的JS介面列表,所有JS介面列表見附錄2
});
wx.ready(function(){
});
wx.error(function(res){
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button id="getBBS" style="width:1000px;height:600px;font-size:150px;" onclick="submitOrderInfoClick();">獲取地理位置</button>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
function submitOrderInfoClick(){
wx.getLocation({
success: function (res) {
alert("小寶鴿獲取地理位置成功,經緯度為:(" + res.latitude + "," + res.longitude + ")" );
},
fail: function(error) {
AlertUtil.error("獲取地理位置失敗,請確保開啟GPS且允許微信獲取您的地理位置!");
}
});
}
</script>
</html>
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三、原始碼下載
加上這篇文章,博主微信相關文章就有5篇,將會點亮博主微信開發部落格專欄(左側可看到),歡迎訂閱。
歡迎相互關注交流,博主會不斷將工作上遇到的技術點寫成部落格分享給大家。