HBase shell基本命令
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-05
獲得某一個命令的詳細資訊
help ‘status’
hbase(main):006:0> help 'status' Show cluster status. Can be 'summary', 'simple', 'detailed', or 'replication'. The default is 'summary'. Examples: hbase> status hbase> status 'simple' hbase> status 'summary' hbase> status 'detailed' hbase> status 'replication' hbase> status 'replication', 'source' hbase> status 'replication', 'sink'
查詢伺服器狀態
status
hbase(main):007:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, 7.0000 average load
檢視所有表
list
hbase(main):008:0> list TABLE student course member 5 row(s) in 0.0710 seconds => ["course", "student","member"]
建立一個表
create ‘FileTable’,‘fileInfo’,‘saveInfo’
hbase(main):001:0> create 'man','basic','extend'
0 row(s) in 2.7520 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - man
獲得表的描述
describe ‘FileTable’
hbase(main):002:0> describe 'man' Table man is ENABLED man COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION {NAME => 'basic', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => ' FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'} {NAME => 'extend', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'} 2 row(s) in 0.1980 seconds
新增一個列族
alter ‘FileTable’, ‘cf’
hbase(main):003:0> alter 'man','cf'
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.0370 seconds
注意：最好不要修改列簇，因為涉及到物理儲存更新，所以最好在建表的時候，指定好表結構，之後儘量不要去修改。可以看到當新增一個列簇的時候，執行了update all region操作。
刪除一個列簇
alter ‘man’, {NAME => ‘cf’, METHOD => ‘delete’}
hbase(main):014:0> alter 'man',{NAME=>'cf',METHOD=>'delete'}
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.3180 seconds
注意：NAME 和 METHOD必須為大寫，這事規定。
插入資料
hbase(main):004:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','basic:name','zs'
0 row(s) in 0.1850 seconds
hbase(main):005:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','basic:age','18'
0 row(s) in 0.0090 seconds
hbase(main):006:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','basic:sex','male'
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):007:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','extend:salary','0'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
hbase(main):008:0> put 'man', 'rowkey1','extend:job','student'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
hbase(main):009:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','basic:name','jack'
0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
hbase(main):010:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','basic:age','26'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
hbase(main):011:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','basic:sex','male'
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):012:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','extend:job','IT'
0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds
hbase(main):013:0> put 'man', 'rowkey2','extend:salary','20000'
0 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds
查詢表中有多少行（多少個rowkey）
count ‘man’
hbase(main):025:0> count 'FileTable'
2 row(s) in 0.0450 seconds
獲取一個rowkey的所有資料
get ‘man’, ‘rowkey1’
hbase(main):015:0> get 'man','rowkey1'
COLUMN CELL
basic:age timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
basic:name timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
basic:sex timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
extend:job timestamp=1541177216611, value=student
extend:salary timestamp=1541177216569, value=0
5 row(s) in 0.0250 seconds
獲得一個列簇中的所有資料
get ‘man’, ‘rowkey1’, ‘basic’
hbase(main):017:0> get 'man','rowkey1','basic'
COLUMN CELL
basic:age timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
basic:name timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
basic:sex timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
3 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds
查詢整表資料
scan ‘man’
hbase(main):019:0> scan 'man'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
rowkey1 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
rowkey1 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
rowkey1 column=extend:job, timestamp=1541177216611, value=student
rowkey1 column=extend:salary, timestamp=1541177216569, value=0
rowkey2 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216697, value=26
rowkey2 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216655, value=jack
rowkey2 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216726, value=male
rowkey2 column=extend:job, timestamp=1541177216759, value=IT
rowkey2 column=extend:salary, timestamp=1541177217293, value=20000
2 row(s) in 0.0580 seconds
掃描整個列簇
scan ‘man’, {COLUMN=>‘basic’}
hbase(main):020:0> scan 'man', {COLUMN=>'basic'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
rowkey1 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
rowkey1 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
rowkey2 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216697, value=26
rowkey2 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216655, value=jack
rowkey2 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216726, value=male
2 row(s) in 0.0500 seconds
指定掃描其中的某個列
scan ‘man’, {COLUMNS=> ‘basic:name’}
hbase(main):021:0> scan 'man', {COLUMNS=> 'basic:name'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
rowkey2 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216655, value=jack
2 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds
除了列（COLUMNS）修飾詞外，HBase還支援Limit（限制查詢結果行數），STARTROW（ROWKEY起始行。會先根據這個key定位到region，再向後掃描）、STOPROW(結束行)、TIMERANGE（限定時間戳範圍）、VERSIONS（版本數）、和FILTER（按條件過濾行）等。比如我們從RowKey1這個rowkey開始，找下一個行的最新版本
hbase(main):022:0> scan 'man',{STARTROW=>'rowkey1',LIMIT=>1,VERSION=>1}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rowkey1 column=basic:age, timestamp=1541177216436, value=18
rowkey1 column=basic:name, timestamp=1541177216371, value=zs
rowkey1 column=basic:sex, timestamp=1541177216528, value=male
rowkey1 column=extend:job, timestamp=1541177216611, value=student
rowkey1 column=extend:salary, timestamp=1541177216569, value=0
1 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds
Filter是一個非常強大的修飾詞，可以設定一系列條件來進行過濾。比如我們要限制名稱為file1.txt
scan ‘man’, FILTER=>“ValueFilter(=,'name:zs’)”
FILTER中支援多個過濾條件通過括號、AND和OR的條件組合
scan ‘man’, FILTER=>“ColumnPrefixFilter(‘sex’) AND ValueFilter ValueFilter(=,‘substring:10’)”
通過delete命令，我們可以刪除某個欄位，接下來的get就無結果
delete ‘man’,‘rowkey1’,‘basic:age’
get ‘man’,‘rowkey1’,‘basic:age’
hbase(main):025:0> delete 'man','rowkey1','basic:age'
0 row(s) in 0.0380 seconds
hbase(main):026:0>
hbase(main):027:0* get 'man','rowkey1','basic:age'
COLUMN CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
刪除整行的值
deleteall ‘man’,‘rowkey1’
get ‘man’,’rowkey1’
hbase(main):017:0> deleteall 'man','rowkey1'
0 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds
hbase(main):018:0> get 'man','rowkey1'
COLUMN CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0040 seconds
注意：這裡根據rowkey刪除，需要使用deleteall
通過enable和disable來啟用/禁用這個表,相應的可以通過is_enabled和is_disabled來檢查表是否被禁用
is_enabled ‘man’
is_disabled ‘man’
hbase(main):020:0> is_enabled 'man'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0990 seconds
hbase(main):021:0> is_disabled 'man'
false
0 row(s) in 0.0240 seconds
刪除表需要先將表disable
disable ‘man’
drop ‘man’
hbase(main):029:0> disable 'man'
0 row(s) in 2.4430 seconds
hbase(main):030:0> drop 'man'
0 row(s) in 1.3180 seconds
使用exists來檢查表是否存在
exists ‘FileTable’
hbase(main):028:0> exists 'man'
Table man does exist
0 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds