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java中使用Gson對json解析(轉載)

  下面小編將通過以下幾點來進行json的講解

1.什麼是JSON? (http://www.json.org/
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format. It is easy for humans to read and write. It is easy for machines to parse and generate. It is based on a subset of the JavaScript Programming Language, Standard ECMA-262 3rd Edition - December 1999. JSON is a text format that is completely language independent but uses conventions that are familiar to programmers of the C-family of languages, including C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, Perl, Python, and many others. These properties make JSON an ideal data-interchange language.
這裡寫圖片描述


這裡寫圖片描述

(圖片來自:http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoluo501395377/p/3446605.html)

2.Json資料型別

2-1.json物件
這裡寫圖片描述
2-2.json陣列
這裡寫圖片描述

ps:JSONObject與JSONArray的區別

這裡寫圖片描述(JSON陣列)

這裡寫圖片描述(JSON陣列)

3.解析JSON資料(小編使用的GSON進行json資料的解析)

3-1 【JSONObject的解析】

下面是一個json檔案:

{
    "resultcode": "200",
    "reason": "successed!",
    "result": {
        "sk": {
            "temp
": "24", "wind_direction": "西南風", "wind_strength": "2級", "humidity": "51%", "time": "10:11" }
, "today": { "temperature": "16℃~27℃", "weather": "陰轉多雲", "weather_id": { "fa": "02", "fb
": "01" }
, "wind": "西南風3-4 級", "week": "星期四", "city": "濱州", "date_y": "2015年06月04日", "dressing_index": "舒適", "dressing_advice": "建議著長袖T恤、襯衫加單褲等服裝。年老體弱者宜著針織長袖襯衫、馬甲和長褲。", "uv_index": "最弱", "comfort_index": "", "wash_index": "較適宜", "travel_index": "", "exercise_index": "較適宜", "drying_index": "" }
, "future": [ { "temperature": "16℃~27℃", "weather": "陰轉多雲", "weather_id": { "fa": "02", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "西南風3-4 級", "week": "星期四", "date": "20150604" }, { "temperature": "20℃~32℃", "weather": "多雲轉晴", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "00" }, "wind": "西風3-4 級", "week": "星期五", "date": "20150605" }, { "temperature": "23℃~35℃", "weather": "多雲轉陰", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "02" }, "wind": "西南風3-4 級", "week": "星期六", "date": "20150606" }, { "temperature": "20℃~33℃", "weather": "多雲", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "北風微風", "week": "星期日", "date": "20150607" }, { "temperature": "22℃~34℃", "weather": "多雲", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "西南風3-4 級", "week": "星期一", "date": "20150608" }, { "temperature": "22℃~33℃", "weather": "陰", "weather_id": { "fa": "02", "fb": "02" }, "wind": "西南風3-4 級", "week": "星期二", "date": "20150609" }, { "temperature": "22℃~33℃", "weather": "多雲", "weather_id": { "fa": "01", "fb": "01" }, "wind": "南風3-4 級", "week": "星期三", "date": "20150610" } ] }
, "error_code": 0 }

我們進行解析(解析一部分):

package cn.edu.bzu.json;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;

import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
import com.google.gson.JsonIOException;
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
import com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException;

public class Read {
    public static void main(String args[]){
        JsonParser parse =new JsonParser();  //建立json解析器
        try {
            JsonObject json=(JsonObject) parse.parse(new FileReader("weather.json"));  //建立jsonObject物件
            System.out.println("resultcode:"+json.get("resultcode").getAsInt());  //將json資料轉為為int型的資料
            System.out.println("reason:"+json.get("reason").getAsString());     //將json資料轉為為String型的資料

            JsonObject result=json.get("result").getAsJsonObject();
            JsonObject today=result.get("today").getAsJsonObject();
            System.out.println("temperature:"+today.get("temperature").getAsString());
            System.out.println("weather:"+today.get("weather").getAsString());

        } catch (JsonIOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (JsonSyntaxException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

輸出結果:

這裡寫圖片描述

3-2 【JSONArray的解析】

下面是一個json檔案

{
    "cat":"it",
    "language":[
        {"id":1,"ide":"eclipse","name":Java},
        {"id":2,"ide":"XCode","name":"Swift"},
        {"id":3,"ide":"Visual Stdio","name":"C#"}     
    ],
    "pop":true
}

我們進行解析:

package cn.edu.bzu.json;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;

import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
import com.google.gson.JsonIOException;
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
import com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException;

public class ReadJSON {
    public static void main(String args[]){
        try {

            JsonParser parser=new JsonParser();  //建立JSON解析器
            JsonObject object=(JsonObject) parser.parse(new FileReader("test.json"));  //建立JsonObject物件
            System.out.println("cat="+object.get("cat").getAsString()); //將json資料轉為為String型的資料
            System.out.println("pop="+object.get("pop").getAsBoolean()); //將json資料轉為為boolean型的資料

            JsonArray array=object.get("language").getAsJsonArray();    //得到為json的陣列
            for(int i=0;i<array.size();i++){
                System.out.println("---------------");
                JsonObject subObject=array.get(i).getAsJsonObject();
                System.out.println("id="+subObject.get("id").getAsInt());
                System.out.println("name="+subObject.get("name").getAsString());
                System.out.println("ide="+subObject.get("ide").getAsString());
            }

        } catch (JsonIOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (JsonSyntaxException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

輸出結果:

這裡寫圖片描述

3-3 【分析】

我們通過Gson進行解析,所以在使用前需要匯入Gson.jar

解析json資料時,

1.需要進行建立Gson解析器

2.建立JSONObject物件

3.將json資料轉為為相應的資料

4.原始碼下載: