作業系統環境redhat5.3    Oracle版本：Oracle11gR2 

錯誤描述如下：

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  598437888 bytes

Fixed Size                  1338140 bytes

Variable Size             394265828 bytes

Database Buffers          197132288 bytes

Redo Buffers                5701632 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select * from test;

        ID        SCN

---------- ----------

         1     751174

         2     751225

         3     751232

         4     751239

         5     751794

         6     751805

         7     751811

         8     752922

8 rows selected.

SQL> conn scott/tiger

ERROR:

ORA-01034: ORACLE not available

ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist

Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

Process ID: 0

Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.

找了N多網上資料：

（1）   當ORACLE_HOME、ORACLE_SID設定不正確時，會出現這個錯誤

[[email protected] ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME

/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

[[email protected] ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

Elvis

經過檢視不是因為這個錯誤。

（2）      說是由於listener.ora裡面的語句設定不正確導致的

[[email protected] admin]$ cat listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = elvis)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)  --後面不應該有”/”

      (SID_NAME = elvis)                                                 我的也沒問題

    )

  )

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = elvis)(PORT = 1521))

    )

  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/oracle

（3）      還有說Oracle目錄滿了導致的

（4）      由於監聽服務檔案的錯誤

 [[email protected] admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ABC =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = elvis)(PORT = 1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVICE_NAME = elvis)

    )

  )

LISTENER_ELVIS =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

我加了這句話後，正常了

[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Oct 17 14:15:39 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> conn scott/tiger

Connected.

elvis

2012.10.17

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