CentOS7 安裝 Python3.7 及 SSL 編譯錯誤處理
下載: https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tgz
解包:tar -zxvf Python-3.7.0.tgz
進入 Python-3.7.0 目錄:
cd Python-3.7.0
1. 安裝必要的依賴模組:
執行下面的安裝指令:
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ sudo yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite sqlite-devel readline-devel tk tk-devel gdbm gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel lzma xz xz-devel libuuid-devel libffi-devel
2. 嘗試配置、編譯
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ ./configure --prefix=/usr
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ make
編譯錯誤:
Could not build the ssl module!
Python requires an OpenSSL 1.0.2 or 1.1 compatible libssl with X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_host().
LibreSSL 2.6.4 and earlier do not provide the necessary APIs, https://github.com/libressl-portable/portable/issues/381
3. 安裝 libressl 代替openssl-devel
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
libressl 是 openssl 更安全版本分支,生產環境建議使用 libressl 替代 openssl。
下載最新穩定版本 2.7.4
https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/LibreSSL/libressl-2.7.4.tar.gz
解壓:
tar -zxvf libressl-2.7.4.tar.gz
編譯安裝:
[[email protected] libressl-2.7.4]$ cd libressl-2.7.4
[[email protected] libressl-2.7.4]$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
[[email protected] libressl-2.7.4]$ sudo make install
新建或修改 /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf 配置檔案,新增如下內容:
/usr/local/lib
即將 /usr/local/lib 目錄加入到模組載入目錄。
重新載入共享模組:
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ sudo ldconfig -v
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ openssl version
LibreSSL 2.7.4
4. 安裝 libressl 代替openssl-devel
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
回到 Python-3.7.0 目錄,編輯安裝檔案 Modules/Setup
刪除有關 ssl 編譯程式碼的註釋,共 4 行,並修改 SSL 目錄為 SSL=/usr/local, 如下所示:
# Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other
# socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable:
SSL=/usr/local
_ssl _ssl.c \
-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
-L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
重新配置、編譯:
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ ./configure --prefix=/usr
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ make
編譯成功,沒有報錯,執行安裝:
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ sudo make install
測試一下:
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ python3
Python 3.7.0 (default, Sep 6 2018, 11:51:44)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-28)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
>>> import uuid
>>>
OK.
5. 升級 pip
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ sudo python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5f/25/e52d3f31441505a5f3af41213346e5b6c221c9e086a166f3703d2ddaf940/pip-18.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 114kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 10.0.1
Uninstalling pip-10.0.1:
Successfully uninstalled pip-10.0.1
Successfully installed pip-18.0
OK.
6. 安裝 mysql-connector, PyMySQL
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ sudo pip3 install mysql-connector
Collecting mysql-connector
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/59/e0/775bf5fb3dd4c7f9aa6877907d4a96eecca6886c603dedfea6e843e94560/mysql-connector-2.1.6.tar.gz (11.8MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 11.8MB 40kB/s
Installing collected packages: mysql-connector
Running setup.py install for mysql-connector ... done
Successfully installed mysql-connector-2.1.6
[[email protected] Python-3.7.0]$ sudo pip3 install PyMySQL
Collecting PyMySQL
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a7/7d/682c4a7da195a678047c8f1c51bb7682aaedee1dca7547883c3993ca9282/PyMySQL-0.9.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (47kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 51kB 225kB/s
Collecting cryptography (from PyMySQL)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/59/32/92cade62c645756a83598edf56289e9b19aae5370642a7ce690cd06bc72f/cryptography-2.3.1-cp34-abi3-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (2.1MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 2.1MB 83kB/s
Collecting cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.7 (from cryptography->PyMySQL)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/51/7b/d1014289d0578c3522b2798b9cb87c65e5b36798bd3ae68a75fa1fe09e78/cffi-1.11.5-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (421kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 430kB 77kB/s
Collecting idna>=2.1 (from cryptography->PyMySQL)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4b/2a/0276479a4b3caeb8a8c1af2f8e4355746a97fab05a372e4a2c6a6b876165/idna-2.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 108kB/s
Collecting asn1crypto>=0.21.0 (from cryptography->PyMySQL)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ea/cd/35485615f45f30a510576f1a56d1e0a7ad7bd8ab5ed7cdc600ef7cd06222/asn1crypto-0.24.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (101kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 102kB 135kB/s
Collecting six>=1.4.1 (from cryptography->PyMySQL)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/67/4b/141a581104b1f6397bfa78ac9d43d8ad29a7ca43ea90a2d863fe3056e86a/six-1.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pycparser (from cffi!=1.11.3,>=1.7->cryptography->PyMySQL)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8c/2d/aad7f16146f4197a11f8e91fb81df177adcc2073d36a17b1491fd09df6ed/pycparser-2.18.tar.gz (245kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 256kB 86kB/s
Installing collected packages: pycparser, cffi, idna, asn1crypto, six, cryptography, PyMySQL
Running setup.py install for pycparser ... done
Successfully installed PyMySQL-0.9.2 asn1crypto-0.24.0 cffi-1.11.5 cryptography-2.3.1 idna-2.7 pycparser-2.18 six-1.11.0
OK.
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