如果沒有傳入“title”，那麼所有處於“ACTIVE”狀態的BLOG都會返回；反之若傳入了“title”，那麼就會把模糊查詢“title”內容的BLOG結果返回(就這個例子而言，細心的讀者會發現其中的引數值是可以包含一些掩碼或萬用字元的)。

<select id="findActiveBlogWithTitleLike"
     resultType="Blog">
  SELECT * FROM BLOG 
  WHERE state = ‘ACTIVE’ 
  <if test="title != null">
    AND title like #{title}
  </if>
</select>

<select id="findActiveBlogLike"
     resultType="Blog">
  SELECT * FROM BLOG WHERE state = ‘ACTIVE’ 
  <if test="title != null">
    AND title like #{title}
  </if>
  <if test="author != null and author.name != null">
    AND author_name like #{author.name}
  </if>
</select>

<select id="findActiveBlogLike"
     resultType="Blog">
  SELECT * FROM BLOG WHERE state = ‘ACTIVE’
  <choose>
    <when test="title != null">
      AND title like #{title}
    </when>
    <when test="author != null and author.name != null">
      AND author_name like #{author.name}
    </when>
    <otherwise>
      AND featured = 1
    </otherwise>
  </choose>
</select>

<select id="findActiveBlogLike"
     resultType="Blog">
  SELECT * FROM BLOG 
  WHERE 
  <if test="state != null">
    state = #{state}
  </if> 
  <if test="title != null">
    AND title like #{title}
  </if>
  <if test="author != null and author.name != null">
    AND author_name like #{author.name}
  </if>
</select>

如果這些條件沒有一個能匹配上將會怎樣？最終這條 SQL 會變成這樣：

SELECT * FROM BLOG
WHERE

這會導致查詢失敗。如果僅僅第二個條件匹配又會怎樣？這條 SQL 最終會是這樣:

SELECT * FROM BLOG
WHERE 
AND title like ‘yiibai.com’

這個查詢也會失敗。

一處簡單的修改就能得到想要的效果：

<select id="findActiveBlogLike"
     resultType="Blog">
  SELECT * FROM BLOG 
  <where> 
    <if test="state != null">
         state = #{state}
    </if> 
    <if test="title != null">
        AND title like #{title}
    </if>
    <if test="author != null and author.name != null">
        AND author_name like #{author.name}
    </if>
  </where>
</select>

set 元素可以被用於動態包含需要更新的列，而捨去其他的。比如：

<update id="updateAuthorIfNecessary">
  update Author
    <set>
      <if test="username != null">username=#{username},</if>
      <if test="password != null">password=#{password},</if>
      <if test="email != null">email=#{email},</if>
      <if test="bio != null">bio=#{bio}</if>
    </set>
  where id=#{id}
</update>