msql資料備份與還原
一資料庫備份：
1.將單個表匯出為csv檔案
資料表匯出csv語句：
select *from TSI_20140206_0_20120701 into outfile '/home/maysqldata/TSI_20140206_0_20120701.csv' fields terminated by ',' optionally enclosed by'"' escaped by '"' lines terminated by '\r\n';
資料表匯入csv語句：
匯入的時候需要事先建好表結構，才能夠匯入。
mysql匯出表結構的程式碼：
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
使用mysqldump命令
格式
mysqldump YourDatabaseName -uYourUserName -pYourPassword
YourDatabaseName是你想處理的資料庫名
YourUserName和YourPassword 對應你的授權口令
如果只需要匯出表的結構,那麼可以使用mysqldump的 -d 選項
匯出整個庫的表結構如下：
mysqldump -uroot -p -d databasename > createtab.sql，
如果只想匯出 表
table1 table2 table3 的 表結構 和 資料呢？
該如何匯出？
mysqldump -uroot -p -d databasename test1 test2 test3 > createtab.sql
-- 上面的是匯出指定表結構，下面這個可以匯出指定表結構和資料
mysqldump -uroot -p --tables databasename > createtab.sql
mysqldump -uroot -p -d databasename table1table2 table3 > createtab.sql
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------然後匯入：
load data infile '/tmp/test.csv' into table test_info fields terminated by ',' optionally enclosed by '"' escaped by'"' lines terminated by '\r\n';
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.當資料表的個數很大，以至於手動備份不方便時（例如將資料庫中所有表匯出為csv檔案），這裡我用了一個比較笨的方法：
首先查詢資料庫中所有的表名，將表名稱輸出為csv檔案。
SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA ='BD_result_DB'into outfile '/mnt/80.50store/BD_mysql/BD_result_DB/tableName.csv';;
然後，自己編寫了一個java小程式，讀取這些表名稱，迴圈遍歷生成單表備份語句。
package cn.com.mysqlBack;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
public class TestMain {
public static Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(TestMain.class);
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("config",
Locale.getDefault());
String filePath = bundle.getString("inputfile");
String outfile = bundle.getString("outfile");
Operate operate = new Operate();
String sqlDB = "use " + bundle.getString("DB");
operate.executeQuery(sqlDB);
String sql = bundle.getString("getTBNameSql");
operate.executeQuery(sql);
File file = new File(filePath);
if (file.isFile() && file.exists()) {
InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(
file));
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(read);
String lineTxt = null;
while ((lineTxt = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
String tableBackupSql = "select * from "
+ lineTxt
+ " into outfile "
+ "\'/mnt/80.50store/BD_mysql/"
+ bundle.getString("DB")
+ "/"
+ lineTxt
+ ".csv\'"
+ " FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '\"' escaped by '\"' lines terminated by '\\r\\n';";
System.out.println(tableBackupSql);
// String tableBackupSql1
// ="SELECT * FROM TSI_20140310_320500_0_20120701 INTO OUTFILE '/APP/niuxinzan/123.csv'FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
// LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';
// 直接執行sql語句，備份表
operate.executeQuery(tableBackupSql);
// 將sql語句儲存到檔案中，以備批量複製到mysql命令列中用。
System.out.println(tableBackupSql);
// File outfile1 = new File(outfile);
// BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new
// FileWriter(outfile1,
// true));
// bw.write(tableBackupSql);
// bw.write("\r\n");
// bw.flush();
// bw.close();
}
operate.close();
LOG.info("------out to csv successful!-----");
}
}
}
最後將outfile的csv檔案裡面的語句全部複製到mysql命令列中，執行完畢即可。或者，不用複製到mysql命令列，而是直接在程式中執行mysql命令也可。
二資料庫還原
package cn.com.mysqlLoad;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import cn.com.mysqlBack.Operate;
import cn.com.mysqlBack.TestMain;
public class loadCSVToMysql {
public static Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(loadCSVToMysql.class);
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// System.out.println("lines terminated by '\\r\\n';");
ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("config",
Locale.getDefault());
String filePath = bundle.getString("loadinputfile");
System.out.println("filePath: " + filePath);
Operate operate = new Operate();
String sqlDB = "use " + bundle.getString("DBofload");
System.out.println("sqlDB: " + sqlDB);
operate.execute(sqlDB);
File file = new File(filePath);
if (file.isFile() && file.exists()) {
InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(
file));
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(read);
String lineTxt = null;
while ((lineTxt = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
String DROPtable = "";
String createtable1 = "";
if (lineTxt.contains("BOTTLENECK")) {
DROPtable = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + lineTxt;
createtable1 = "CREATE TABLE "
+ lineTxt
..................
+ " KEY idx_linkID (linkID)) ENGINE=myisam DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;";
System.out.println("create table sqlString: "
+ createtable1);
}
if (lineTxt.contains("PASSABLEROUTEDETAIL")) {
DROPtable = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + lineTxt;
createtable1 = "CREATE TABLE "
+ lineTxt
+ "("
.............
+ ") ENGINE=myisam DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;";
}
if (lineTxt.contains("RTIC_INFO")) {
DROPtable = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + lineTxt;
createtable1 = "CREATE TABLE "
.................
System.out.println("create table sqlString: "
+ createtable1);
}
if (lineTxt.contains("RTIC_ROAD")) {
DROPtable = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + lineTxt;
createtable1 = "CREATE TABLE " + lineTxt + "("
+..........