1. 程式人生 > >一步一步完成SSM框架整合(Spring+Spring MVC + Mybatis)

一步一步完成SSM框架整合(Spring+Spring MVC + Mybatis)

新建maven工程

eclipse中選擇new Maven Project項,制定archetype為webapp,填寫好groupId之類的,然後finish,這時可能工程有一些錯誤,通過修改Java Build Path,修復錯誤:
這裡寫圖片描述這裡寫圖片描述這裡寫圖片描述

然後new一個server,將這個專案新增進去,修改server的context path為“/”,http埠設定為“80”,然後開啟瀏覽器,訪問“127.0.0.1”,出現“Hello world”即為成功:
這裡寫圖片描述這裡寫圖片描述

加入Spring

首先在pom.xml檔案中dependency節點下新增下列依賴:

<dependency>  
    <groupId
>
org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>

版本在properties節點下自己控制,這裡只用引入一個spring-context,相關依賴的jar maven會幫我們自動引入,不用重複累贅再寫一次。

為了測試spring整合的效果,我們需要一個bean來測試,新建一個User測試類:

package
com.cjt.ssm.model; public class User { private String name; private int age; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this
.age = age; } }

同時在resources目錄下新建一個spring的入口配置檔案spring.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd">

    <bean id="user" class="com.cjt.ssm.model.User" />
</beans>

然後新建main方法測試類Test,測試spring是否整合成功:

package com.cjt.ssm;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.cjt.ssm.model.User;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
        User user = context.getBean("user", User.class);
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}

執行Test類,若是spring整合成功,日誌臺會列印相關spring載入日誌,並且user也能夠正常獲取,列印user:

這裡寫圖片描述

加入Mybatis

涉及到資料持久化方面,首先得有資料來源,在本地mysql資料庫ssm下新建一張user表:
這裡寫圖片描述

然後隨便新增一條記錄,{“name”:”ssm”,”age”:18},方便待會測試之用;

然後同樣在pom.xml新增MyBatis的依賴:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>  
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>  
    <version>${mybatis.version}</version>  
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
    <version>${mysql.version}</version>  
</dependency>

指定版本為mybatis版本為3.2.0,mysql版本是5.1.33;

在resources目錄下新建mybatis.xml,作為mybatis的配置檔案:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC" />
            <!-- 配置資料庫連線資訊 -->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm" />
                <property name="username" value="root" />
                <property name="password" value="xxx" />
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!-- resource需要寫成路徑的形式 -->    
    <mappers>
        <!-- <mapper resource="userMapper.xml"/> -->
    </mappers>
</configuration>

然後同目錄新建測試的userMapper.xml,主要用於編寫sql:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace用作標識mapper的唯一,通常包名+檔名 -->
<mapper namespace="user">
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.cjt.ssm.model.User">
        select * from user
    </select>
</mapper>

記得在上面mybatis.xml配置檔案的mappers節點下新增這個作為測試的userMapper,這樣mybatis的準備工作也做完了,修改Test內容,驗證MyBatis是否正常:

package com.cjt.ssm;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import com.cjt.ssm.model.User;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        String resource = "mybatis.xml";
        InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        // build接受不同的引數,可採取其他方法建立SqlSessionFactory
        SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
        SqlSession session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        String statement = "user.findAll";
        // session擁有多個方法,可以自行研究
        List<User> users = session.selectList(statement);
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}

修改User類增加toString()方法,執行程式,若是能正常列印我們user表中的資料,則MyBatis配置成功:
這裡寫圖片描述

整合Spring與MyBatis

首先新建一個dao包,在下面編寫User對應的藉口UserDao:

package com.cjt.ssm.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.cjt.ssm.model.User;

public interface UserDao {

    List<User> findAll();
}

然後修改spring.xml配置檔案,將資料庫配置和dao所對應的bean都新增進去:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName">
            <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
        </property>
        <property name="username">
            <value>root</value>
        </property>
        <property name="password">
            <value>Cjt00382114.</value>
        </property>
        <property name="url">
            <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml" />
    </bean>

    <!-- DAO介面所在包名,Spring會自動查詢其下的類(不用寫註解) -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">  
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.cjt.ssm.dao" />  
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>  
    </bean> 
</beans>

記得修改userMapper.xml的namespace為該Dao的全路徑,這樣保證了spring繫結的bean能夠執行對應的sql語句,然後去掉mybatis.xml配置檔案中的資料來源配置節點environments ;

這一步就要添整合相關的依賴jar包了:

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>  
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>  
    <version>${commons-dbcp.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>  
   <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>  
   <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>  
   <version>${commons-dbcp.version}</version>  
</dependency>

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>  
    <version>${spring.version}</version>  
</dependency>

修改Test檔案,準備測試:

package com.cjt.ssm;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.cjt.ssm.dao.UserDao;
import com.cjt.ssm.model.User;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
        UserDao userDao = ctx.getBean("userDao", UserDao.class);
        List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
        for (User user : users) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}

觀察控制檯輸出,正常輸出user表中的資料則說明spring與mybatis整合成功:
這裡寫圖片描述

整合Spring MVC

首先引入Spring MVC所需要的jar包:

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
    <version>${spring.version}</version>  
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
    <version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>

修改spring.xml,新增springmvc相關配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cjt.ssm" />


    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix">
            <value>/</value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.jsp</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName">
            <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
        </property>
        <property name="username">
            <value>root</value>
        </property>
        <property name="password">
            <value>Cjt00382114.</value>
        </property>
        <property name="url">
            <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml" />
    </bean>

    <!-- DAO介面所在包名,Spring會自動查詢其下的類(不用寫註解) -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">  
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.cjt.ssm.dao" />  
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>  
    </bean>
</beans>

然後修改web.xml,配置springmvc servlet分發器,並設定request/response的編碼格式:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
 <web-app>
  <!-- 編碼過濾器 -->  
  <filter>  
      <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
      <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
      <init-param>  
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
      </init-param>
      <init-param>
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
      </init-param>
  </filter>  
  <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

新建controller,作為springmvc的測試之用:

package com.cjt.ssm.controller;

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.cjt.ssm.dao.UserDao;
import com.cjt.ssm.model.User;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/")
public class TestController {

    @Resource
    private UserDao userDao;

    @RequestMapping(value="/test")
    @ResponseBody
    public List<User> test(){
        List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
        return users;
    }
}

此時就可以啟動server,測試了:
這裡寫圖片描述

此時,還沒算作大功告成。。。

解決亂碼

亂碼的問題,歸根結底就是編碼不一致導致的。例如,你的檔案是utf-8的,你卻硬要用gbk的編碼方式展示,那麼就會顯示一長串的亂碼。既然這樣,那麼簡單來說,解決辦法即為統一編碼。為了字元編碼相容,統一設定為“UTF-8”。

首先設定filter過濾器,設定request和response的編碼方式,在web.xml中新增過濾器:

<!-- 編碼過濾器 -->  
<filter>  
   <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
   <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
   <init-param>  
    <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
     <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
   </init-param>
   <init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
  <param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>  
<filter-mapping>
   <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

這個對應解決post表單的引數後天接受時,和response往頁面輸出內容時出現的亂碼情況,但記得使用response的時候設定response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8")

使用jsp頁面渲染的要注意頭部新增<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>,並且同時設定當前html<meta charset="UTF-8">,其他頁面渲染(freemaker、vm等)自行研究配置,這裡不深入討論。這適用於解決一些原本存在頁面中的中文亂碼,即controller返回的頁面原本的中文內容亂碼。

springmvc、tomcat、eclipse預設都是ISO-8859-1,所以都需要手動設定編碼為UTF-8

因此,若是controller註解了@Responsebody直接返回的String內容,沒有經過response輸出,這種也會亂碼,所以還要修改spring.xml,配置springmvc的編碼,將<mvc:annotation-driven />修改為:

<mvc:annotation-driven>
    <!-- 訊息轉換器 -->
    <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
            <property name="supportedMediaTypes" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
        </bean>
    </mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>

到這裡可以算作,SSM框架整合成功!!