1. 程式人生 > >【JAVA秒會技術之隨意切換資料庫】Spring如何高效的配置多套資料來源

【JAVA秒會技術之隨意切換資料庫】Spring如何高效的配置多套資料來源

Spring如何高效的配置多套資料來源

    真正的開發中,難免要使用多個數據庫,進行不同的切換。無論是為了實現讀寫分離”也好,還是為了使用不同的資料庫“MySQL”或“Oracle”或“SQLServer”)。傳統的方法,是配置多套Spring配置檔案與Mysql配置檔案,不僅配置起來較為混亂,而且切換及對事物的管理,也很麻煩。下面,博主就介紹一種方法,幫助大家解決“Spring如何高效的配置多套資料來源”!

(一)Spring核心配置檔案

1.Spring-conf配置檔案

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
	<!-- 使用spring註解 -->
	<context:annotation-config />
	<!-- 掃描註解 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.***.****">
		<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
	</context:component-scan>
	<!-- 配置檔案讀取 -->
	<bean id="configProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
		<property name="locations">
			<list>
				<value>classpath:*.properties</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="fileEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 通過@Value註解讀取.properties配置內容 -->
	<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="properties" ref="configProperties" />
	</bean>
	<!--=================== 多資料配置開始 =======================-->
	<!-- 資料來源1-- druid資料庫連線池 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close">
		<!-- 資料庫基本資訊配置 -->
		<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
		<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
		<property name="filters" value="${jdbc.filters}" />
		<!-- 最大併發連線數 -->
		<property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}" />
		<!-- 初始化連線數量 -->
		<property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}" />
		<!-- 配置獲取連線等待超時的時間 -->
		<property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc.maxWait}" />
		<!-- 最小空閒連線數 -->
		<property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}" />
		<!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測,檢測需要關閉的空閒連線,單位是毫秒 -->
		<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" />
		<!-- 配置一個連線在池中最小生存的時間,單位是毫秒 -->
		<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" />
		<property name="validationQuery" value="${jdbc.validationQuery}" />
		<property name="testWhileIdle" value="${jdbc.testWhileIdle}" />
		<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${jdbc.testOnBorrow}" />
		<property name="testOnReturn" value="${jdbc.testOnReturn}" />
		<property name="maxOpenPreparedStatements" value="${jdbc.maxOpenPreparedStatements}" />
		<!-- 開啟removeAbandoned功能 -->
		<property name="removeAbandoned" value="${jdbc.removeAbandoned}" />
		<!-- 1800秒,也就是30分鐘 -->
		<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="${jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout}" />
		<!-- 關閉abanded連線時輸出錯誤日誌 -->
		<property name="logAbandoned" value="${jdbc.logAbandoned}" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 資料來源2-- druid資料庫連線池 -->
	<bean id="dataSource2" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close">
		<!-- 資料庫基本資訊配置 -->
		<property name="url" value="${jdbc2.url}" />
		<property name="username" value="${jdbc2.username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc2.password}" />
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc2.driverClassName}" />
		<property name="filters" value="${jdbc2.filters}" />
		<!-- 最大併發連線數 -->
		<property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc2.maxActive}" />
		<!-- 初始化連線數量 -->
		<property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc2.initialSize}" />
		<!-- 配置獲取連線等待超時的時間 -->
		<property name="maxWait" value="${jdbc2.maxWait}" />
		<!-- 最小空閒連線數 -->
		<property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc2.minIdle}" />
		<!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測,檢測需要關閉的空閒連線,單位是毫秒 -->
		<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${jdbc2.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" />
		<!-- 配置一個連線在池中最小生存的時間,單位是毫秒 -->
		<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${jdbc2.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" />
		<property name="validationQuery" value="${jdbc2.validationQuery}" />
		<property name="testWhileIdle" value="${jdbc2.testWhileIdle}" />
		<property name="testOnBorrow" value="${jdbc2.testOnBorrow}" />
		<property name="testOnReturn" value="${jdbc2.testOnReturn}" />
		<property name="maxOpenPreparedStatements" value="${jdbc2.maxOpenPreparedStatements}" />
		<!-- 開啟removeAbandoned功能 -->
		<property name="removeAbandoned" value="${jdbc2.removeAbandoned}" />
		<!-- 1800秒,也就是30分鐘 -->
		<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="${jdbc2.removeAbandonedTimeout}" />
		<!-- 關閉abanded連線時輸出錯誤日誌 -->
		<property name="logAbandoned" value="${jdbc2.logAbandoned}" />
	</bean>
	<!-- Spring多資料來源-配置 -->
	<bean id="multipleDataSource" class="com.dshl.commons.utlis.MultipleDataSource">
		<property name="targetDataSources">
			<map>
	            <!-- 配置目標資料來源 -->
				<entry value-ref="dataSource" key="dataSource" />
				<entry value-ref="dataSource2" key="dataSource2" />
			</map>
		</property>
        <!-- 配置預設使用的據源 -->
		<property name="defaultTargetDataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	</bean>
	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--注意:SqlSessionFactory的ref一定要指向multipleDataSource -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="multipleDataSource" />
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:/mybatis/mybatis-config.xml" />
		<!-- mapper掃描 -->
		<property name="mapperLocations">
			<list>
				<value>classpath:/mybatis/mapper/*.xml</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>
	<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
		<property name="basePackage" value="com.*****.dao" />
		<property name="annotationClass" value="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository" />
		<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 多資料來源-配置-結束 -->

	<!-- 配置 aspectj -->
	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
</beans>

2.配置jdbc.properties
#------------------------JDBC-------------------------------
jdbc.url:jdbc:sqlserver://ip地址1:埠;database=資料庫;integratedSecurity=false
jdbc.driverClassName:com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
jdbc.username:使用者名稱
jdbc.password:密碼
jdbc.filters:stat
jdbc.maxActive:10
jdbc.initialSize:2
jdbc.maxWait:60000
jdbc.minIdle:2
jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis:60000
jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis:300000
jdbc.validationQuery:SELECT 'x' FROM DUAL
jdbc.testWhileIdle:true
jdbc.testOnBorrow:false
jdbc.testOnReturn:false
jdbc.maxOpenPreparedStatements:20
jdbc.removeAbandoned:true
jdbc.removeAbandonedTimeout:180
jdbc.logAbandoned:true
 
#---------------------------JDBC-2----------------------------
jdbc2.url:jdbc:mysql://ip地址1:埠/資料庫?autoReconnect=true
jdbc2.driverClassName:com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc2.username:使用者名稱
jdbc2.password:密碼
jdbc2.filters:stat
jdbc2.maxActive:10
jdbc2.initialSize:2
jdbc2.maxWait:60000
jdbc2.minIdle:2
jdbc2.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis:60000
jdbc2.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis:300000
jdbc2.validationQuery:SELECT 'x' FROM DUAL
jdbc2.testWhileIdle:true
jdbc2.testOnBorrow:false
jdbc2.testOnReturn:false
jdbc2.maxOpenPreparedStatements:20
jdbc2.removeAbandoned:true
jdbc2.removeAbandonedTimeout:180
jdbc2.logAbandoned:true


(二)配置通知與切面

1.配置通知

package com.netease.numen.core.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
/**
 * @author liyan
 */
@Target({ ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.METHOD })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface DatabaseConfiguration {
	/**
	 * annotation description
	 * @return {@link java.lang.String}
	 */
	String description() default "";

	/**
	 * annotation value ,default value "dataSource"
	 * @return {@link java.lang.String}
	 */
	String value() default "";
}

2.配置切面

package com.netease.numen.core.aop;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.netease.numen.core.annotation.DatabaseConfiguration;
import com.netease.numen.core.util.MultipleDataSource;
/**
 * 資料庫配置切面
 * @author liyan
 */
@Aspect
public class DatabaseConfigurationAspect {

	/**
	 * default dataSource
	 */
	public static final String DEFAULT_DATASOURCE = "dataSource";

	/**
	 * 日誌
	 */
	private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DatabaseConfigurationAspect.class);

	@Pointcut("@annotation(com.netease.numen.core.annotation.DatabaseConfiguration)")
	public void DBAspect() {
	}

	/**
	 * 前置通知
	 * @param joinPoint 切點
	 */
	@Before("DBAspect()")
	public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
		try {
			MultipleDataSource.setDataSourceKey(getTargetDataSource(joinPoint));
			LOGGER.info("Methods Described:{}", getDescription(joinPoint));
			LOGGER.info("Replace DataSource:{}", getTargetDataSource(joinPoint));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			LOGGER.warn("DataSource Switch Exception:{}", e);
			MultipleDataSource.setDataSourceKey(DEFAULT_DATASOURCE);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 異常通知
	 * @param joinPoint  切點
	 * @param e  異常
	 */
	@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "DBAspect()", throwing = "e")
	public void doAfterThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Throwable e) {
		try {
			MultipleDataSource.setDataSourceKey(DEFAULT_DATASOURCE);
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			LOGGER.warn("DataSource Switch Exception:{}", e);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 方法後通知
	 * @param joinPoint  切點
	 */
	@After("DBAspect()")
	public void doAfter(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
		try {
			MultipleDataSource.setDataSourceKey(DEFAULT_DATASOURCE);
			LOGGER.info("Restore Default DataSource:{}", DEFAULT_DATASOURCE);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			LOGGER.warn("Restore Default DataSource Exception:{}", e);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 獲取資料來源描述
	 * @param joinPoint 切點
	 * @return DB-Key(資料庫)
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
	public static String getDescription(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Exception {
		String targetName = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName();
		String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
		Object[] arguments = joinPoint.getArgs();
		Class targetClass = Class.forName(targetName);
		Method[] methods = targetClass.getMethods();
		String description = "";
		for (Method method : methods) {
			if (method.getName().equals(methodName)) {
				Class[] clazzs = method.getParameterTypes();
				if (clazzs.length == arguments.length) {
					description = method.getAnnotation(DatabaseConfiguration.class).description();
					if (description == null || "".equals(description))
						description = "Database switch";
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		return description;
	}

	/**
	 * 獲取資料來源
	 * @param joinPoint 切點
	 * @return DB-Key(資料庫)
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
	public static String getTargetDataSource(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Exception {
		String targetName = joinPoint.getTarget().getClass().getName();
		String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
		Object[] arguments = joinPoint.getArgs();
		Class targetClass = Class.forName(targetName);
		Method[] methods = targetClass.getMethods();
		String value = "";
		for (Method method : methods) {
			if (method.getName().equals(methodName)) {
				Class[] clazzs = method.getParameterTypes();
				if (clazzs.length == arguments.length) {
					value = method.getAnnotation(DatabaseConfiguration.class).value();
					if (value == null || "".equals(value))
						value = DEFAULT_DATASOURCE;
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		return value;
	}
}

(三)編寫切換資料來源工具類

package com.netease.numen.core.util;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;

/**
 * 多資料來源配置
 * 
 * 說明:定義動態資料來源,實現通過整合Spring提供的AbstractRoutingDataSource,只需要
 * 實現determineCurrentLookupKey方法即可 
 * 由於DynamicDataSource是單例的,執行緒不安全的,所以採用ThreadLocal保證執行緒安全,由
 * DynamicDataSourceHolder完成。
 * 
 * @author Liyan
 */
public class MultipleDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {

	private static final ThreadLocal<String> dataSourceKey = new InheritableThreadLocal<String>();

	public static void setDataSourceKey(String dataSource) {
		dataSourceKey.set(dataSource);
	}
	@Override
	protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return dataSourceKey.get();
	}
}

(四)如何使用

這就很簡單了,只要在serviceImpl中,要切換資料來源前,呼叫工具類:

	public String isExist(String jobNumber) throws DataAccessException {
		try {
			//切換資料來源,對中間庫操作
			MultipleDataSource.setDataSourceKey("dataSource4");
			Map<String, Object> param = new HashMap<String, Object>(0);
			param.put("jobNumber", jobNumber);
			return mapper.isExist(param);
		} catch (DataAccessException e) {
			throw e;
		} finally{
			//切回資料來源
			MultipleDataSource.setDataSourceKey("dataSource");
		}
	}