1. 程式人生 > >第十二週上機實踐專案 專案1-實現複數類中的運算子過載 (2)

第十二週上機實踐專案 專案1-實現複數類中的運算子過載 (2)

問題及程式碼:

【專案-實現複數類中的運算子過載】
(1)請用類的成員函式,定義複數類過載運算子+、-、*、/,使之能用於複數的加減乘除

class Complex 
{
public:
    Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
    Complex(double r,double i){real=r; imag=i;}
    Complex operator+(const Complex &c2);
    Complex operator-(const Complex &c2);
    Complex operator*(const Complex &c2);
    Complex operator/(const Complex &c2);
    void display();
private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};
//下面定義成員函式


//下面定義用於測試的main()函式
int main()
{
    Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
    cout<<"c1=";
    c1.display();
    cout<<"c2=";
    c2.display();
    c3=c1+c2;
    cout<<"c1+c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1-c2;
    cout<<"c1-c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1*c2;
    cout<<"c1*c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1/c2;
    cout<<"c1/c2=";
    c3.display();
    return 0;
}

(2)請用類的友元函式,而不是成員函式,再次完成上面提及的運算子的過載;

/*
 Copyright(c)2016,煙臺大學計算機與控制工程學院
  All rights reserced
 檔名稱:test.cpp
 作    者:蔡汝佳
 完成日期:2016年6月2日
 版 本 號:v1.0
 問題描述:
 輸入描述:
 程式輸出:
*/

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
    Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
    Complex(double r,double i){real=r; imag=i;}
    friend Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator-(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator*(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator/(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
    void display();
private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};
//下面定義成員函式
Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real+c2.real;
    c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;
    return c;
}
Complex operator-(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real-c2.real;
    c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;
    return c;
}
Complex operator*(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;
    c.imag=c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag;
    return c;
}
Complex operator/(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
    c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
    return c;
}

void Complex::display()
{
    cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<")"<<endl;
}
//下面定義用於測試的main()函式
int main()
{
    Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
    cout<<"c1=";
    c1.display();
    cout<<"c2=";
    c2.display();
    c3=c1+c2;
    cout<<"c1+c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1-c2;
    cout<<"c1-c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1*c2;
    cout<<"c1*c2=";
    c3.display();
    c3=c1/c2;
    cout<<"c1/c2=";
    c3.display();
    return 0;
}

執行結果:

知識點總結:

用友元函式實現運算子過載

學習心得:

//複數相加: (a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.

//複數相減:(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.

//複數相乘:(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(bc+ad)i.

//複數相除:(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i