Python核心程式設計第二版第五章數字（課後習題）----我的答案
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-19
5-1.整型。講講Python普通整型和長整型的區別。
標準整型型別是最通用最基本的數字型別等價於C語言的長整型，一般以十進位制表示。
長整型則是標準整型型別的超集，當需要用到比標準整型型別更大的整型時，長整型就大有作為了。在一個整型後面加上L（l也是可行的），表示整型為長整型。
5-2.操作符。
(a).寫一個函式，計算並返回兩個數的乘積。
def Multipliers(a, b):
return a * b(b).寫一段程式碼呼叫這個函式，並顯示它的結果。
def Multipliers(a, b): return a * b result = Multipliers(2, 3) print("The result is %d" % result)
5-3.標準型別操作符。寫一段指令碼，輸入一個測驗成績，根據下面的標準，輸出他的評分成績(A-F).
A:90~100
B:80~89
C:70~79
D:60~69
F:<60
def testScore(): score = int(raw_input("Input your real grade: ")) if score >= 90 and score <= 100: print("Your testscore is A.") elif score >= 80 and score <= 89: print("Your testscore is B.") elif score >= 70 and score <= 79: print("Your testscore is C.") elif score >=60 and score <= 69: print("Your testscore is D.") elif score < 60: print("Your failed in this test and got a F.") else: print("Try input some numbers.") testScore()
5-4.取餘。判斷給定年份是否是閏年。使用下面的公式。
def testYear():
years = int(raw_input("Input a year in your mind: "))
if (years % 4 == 0 and years % 100 != 0) or (years % 4 == 0 and years % 100 == 0):
print("This year is a leap year.")
else:
print("This is a normal year.")
testYear()5-5.取餘。取一個任意小於1美元的金額，然後計算可以換成最少多少枚硬幣。
def usDollar():
dollars = float(raw_input("Input under 1 dollar like 0.76: "))
dollars *= 100
quartcoin = dollars // 25
tencoin = (dollars - quartcoin * 25) // 10
fivecoin = (dollars - quartcoin * 25 - tencoin * 10) // 5
onecoin = (dollars - quartcoin * 25 - tencoin * 10 - fivecoin * 5)
print("Dollars is %d Quartcoin and %d Tencoin and %d Fivecoin and %d Onecoin."
% (quartcoin, tencoin, fivecoin, onecoin))
usDollar()
5-6.算術。寫一個計算器程式。你的程式碼可以接受這樣的表示式，兩個運算元加一個操作符：N1操作符N2。
def Calculator(): N1 = int(raw_input("Input number 1: ")) N2 = float(raw_input("Input number 2: ")) sign = raw_input("Input what you want N1 N2 do: ") if sign == '+': print("N1 + N2 == %f" % (N1 + N2)) elif sign == '-': print("N1 - N2 == %f" % (N1 - N2)) elif sign == '*': print("N1 * N2 == %f" % (N1 * N2)) elif sign == '/': print("N1 / N2 == %f" % (N1 / N2)) elif sign == '%': print(N1 % N2) elif sign == '**': print("N1 ** N2 == %f" % (N1 ** N2)) else: print("Out of ranges.") Calculator()
5-7.營業稅。隨意取一個商品金額，然後根據當地營業稅額度計算應該交納的營業稅。
假設稅率為5%
def taxes(m):
percent = 0.05
tax = earnmoney * percent
return tax
if __name__ == '__main__':
earnmoney = int(raw_input("Input your earn money number: "))
print taxes(earnmoney)5-8.幾何。計算面積和體積。
(a).正方形和立方體
def geo():
side = int(raw_input("Input one side with figure: "))
print("[s] means square, [c] means cubic")
figures = raw_input("input figure you want to calculate: ")
if figures == 's':
a = side * side
print("The area is %d. " % a)
elif figures == 'c':
a = side * side * 6
b = side * side * side
print("The area is %d. The bulk is %d." % (a ,b))
geo()(b).圓和球
def geo():
side = float(raw_input("Input one side with figure: "))
print("[s] means square, [c] means cubic, [r] means round, [sp] means spheres.")
figures = raw_input("input figure you want to calculate: ")
if figures == 's':
a = side * side
print("The area is %d. " % a)
elif figures == 'c':
a = side * side * 6
b = side * side * side
print("The area is %d. The bulk is %d." % (a, b))
elif figures == 'sp':
a = 4 * 3.14 * side * side
b = 4 / 3 * 3.14 * side * side * side
print("The area is %f. The bulk is %f." % (a, b))
elif figures == 'r':
a = 3.14 * side * side
print("The area is %f." % a)
else:
print("Please follow the orders.")
geo()
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import math
if __name__=='__main__':
ss = input()
print '正方形面積：',ss*ss
print '立方體面積：',ss*ss*6
print '立方體體積：',ss*ss*ss
print '圓面積：',ss*ss*math.pi
print '球面積：',ss*ss*math.pi*4
print '球體積：',ss*ss*ss*math.pi*4/3.0 >>> 17 + 32
49
>>> 017 + 32
47
>>> 017 + 032
41因為在整型的數值前加上0表示這個數是一個八進位制的數。所以017換算成十進位制為15，032轉換成十進位制為26，與下面兩個計算結果符合。在十進位制數前加0x表示十六進位制數。
(b).使用長整型運算更高效。
5-10.轉換。寫一對函式來進行華氏度到攝氏度的轉換。
from __future__ import division
def transForm():
print("[f] means Fah, [c] means Cel.")
Fah = float(raw_input("Input Fahrenheit: "))
Cel = float(raw_input("Input Celsius: "))
choice = raw_input(">>> ")
if choice == 'f':
Cel = (Fah - 32) * (5 / 9)
print(Cel)
elif choice == 'c':
Fah = (Cel * (9 / 5)) + 32
print(Fah)
else:
print("Please follow orders.")
transForm()
5-11.取餘。
(a).使用迴圈和算術運算，求出0~20之間的所有偶數。
def reMainder():
for i in range(21):
if i % 2 == 0:
print("The dual is %d" % i)
reMainder()def reMainder():
for i in range(21):
if i % 2 == 1:
print("The dual is %d" % i)
reMainder()
(c).對該數除2取餘數，為0就是偶數，為1就是奇數。
(d).
def reMainder(): inti1 = int(raw_input("Input an int number: ")) inti2 = int(raw_input("Input an other number: ")) if inti1 % inti2 == 0: return True else: return False print(reMainder())
5-12.系統限制。寫一段指令碼確認一下你的Python所能處理的整型，長整型，浮點型和複數的範圍。
Pass
5-13.轉換。寫一個函式把由小時和分鐘表示的時間轉換為只用分鐘表示的時間。
def tranS(h, m):
mins = hour * 60 + min
return mins
hour = int(raw_input("Input hours: "))
min = int(raw_input("Input minutes: "))
if (hour < 23 and hour > -1) and (min < 60 and min > -1):
print("The times is %d." % tranS(hour, min))
else:
print("Input some right numbers.")
5-14. 銀行利息。寫一個函式，以定期存款利率為引數， 假定該賬戶每日計算複利，請計算並返回年回報率。
def inTerest(i, p):
return p * (1 + i) ** 365
i = float(raw_input("Input rates: "))
p = int(raw_input("Input your money: "))
print("Your interest is %f." % inTerest(i, p))5-15.最大公約數和最小公倍數。請計算兩個整型的最大公約數和最小公倍數。
轉
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def gongyueshu(m , n):
if m< n:
min = m
else:
min = n
for i in range(min , 0 ,-1):
if m % i ==0 and n % i ==0:
return i
return 0
def gongbeishu(m , n):
l = gongyueshu(m,n)
return m * n / l
if __name__ == '__main__':
m = input()
n = input()
print '最大公約數：',gongyueshu(m, n)
print '最小公倍數：',gongbeishu(m, n) 5-16.轉
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def Payment(cost,total):
count = 0
print ' Amount Remaining'
print 'Pymt# Paid Balance'
print '----- ------ --------'
while True:
print '%-2d $%.2f $%6.2f'%(count,total,cost)
if cost - total >=0:
cost = cost-total
else:
if cost !=0:
print '%-2d $%.2f $%6.2f'%(count+1,cost,0)
break
count += 1
if __name__=='__main__':
cost = input('Enter opening balance:')
total = input('Enter monthly payment:')
Payment(cost,total)