1. 程式人生 > >Python 之ConfigParser

Python 之ConfigParser

一、ConfigParser簡介

ConfigParser 是用來讀取配置檔案的包。配置檔案的格式如下:中括號“[ ]”內包含的為section。section 下面為類似於key-value 的配置內容。

1: [db] 2: db_host = 127.0.0.1 3: db_port = 22 4: db_user = root 5: db_pass = rootroot 6:  7: [concurrent] 8: thread = 10 9: processor = 20

中括號“[ ]”內包含的為section。緊接著section 為類似於key-value 的options 的配置內容。

二、ConfigParser 初始工作

使用ConfigParser 首選需要初始化例項,並讀取配置檔案:

1: cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser() 2: cf.read("配置檔名") 三、ConfigParser 常用方法

1. 獲取所有sections。也就是將配置檔案中所有“[ ]”讀取到列表中:

1: s = cf.sections() 2: print 'section:', s

將輸出(以下將均以簡介中配置檔案為例):

1: section: ['db', 'concurrent']

2. 獲取指定section 的options

。即將配置檔案某個section 內key 讀取到列表中:

1: o = cf.options("db") 2: print 'options:', o

將輸出:

1: options: ['db_host', 'db_port', 'db_user', 'db_pass']

3. 獲取指定section 的配置資訊

1: v = cf.items("db") 2: print 'db:', v

將輸出:

1: db: [('db_host', '127.0.0.1'), ('db_port', '22'), ('db_user', 'root'), ('db_pass', 'rootroot')]

4. 按照型別讀取指定section 的option 資訊

同樣的還有getfloat、getboolean。

1: #可以按照型別讀取出來 2: db_host = cf.get("db", "db_host") 3: db_port = cf.getint("db", "db_port") 4: db_user = cf.get("db", "db_user") 5: db_pass = cf.get("db", "db_pass") 6:  7: # 返回的是整型的 8: threads = cf.getint("concurrent", "thread") 9: processors = cf.getint("concurrent", "processor") 10:  11: print "db_host:", db_host 12: print "db_port:", db_port 13: print "db_user:", db_user 14: print "db_pass:", db_pass 15: print "thread:", threads 16: print "processor:", processors

將輸出:

1: db_host: 127.0.0.1 2: db_port: 22 3: db_user: root 4: db_pass: rootroot 5: thread: 10 6: processor: 20

5. 設定某個option 的值。(記得最後要寫回)

1: cf.set("db", "db_pass", "zhaowei") 2: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

6.新增一個section。(同樣要寫回)

1: cf.add_section('liuqing') 2: cf.set('liuqing', 'int', '15') 3: cf.set('liuqing', 'bool', 'true') 4: cf.set('liuqing', 'float', '3.1415') 5: cf.set('liuqing', 'baz', 'fun') 6: cf.set('liuqing', 'bar', 'Python') 7: cf.set('liuqing', 'foo', '%(bar)s is %(baz)s!') 8: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

7. 移除section 或者option 。(只要進行了修改就要寫回的哦)

1: cf.remove_option('liuqing','int') 2: cf.remove_section('liuqing') 3: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

點選(此處)摺疊或開啟

  1. #!/usr/bin/env python
  2. from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
  3. CONFIGFILE="f.txt"
  4. config=ConfigParser()
  5. config.read(CONFIGFILE)
  6. print config.get('messages','greeting')
  7. radius=input(config.get('messages','questions')+' ')
  8. print config.get('messages','result')
  9. print config.getfloat('numbers','pi')*radius**2
  10. s=config.sections()
  11. print'section: ',s
  12. o=config.options('messages')
  13. print'messages option: ',o
  14. v=config.items("messages")
  15. print'message de xinxi: ',v
  16. config.add_section('liuyang1')
  17. config.set('liuyang1','int','15')
  18. config.set('liuyang'1,'hhhh','hello world')
  19. config.write(open("f.txt","w"))
  20. print config.get('liuyang1','int')
  21. print config.get('liuyang1','hhhh')
  22. #!/usr/bin/env python
  23. import ConfigParser
  24. import sys
  25. config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
  26. config.add_section("book1")
  27. config.set("book1","title","hello world")
  28. config.set("book1","aut","log")
  29. config.write(open("f.txt","w"))