java B2B2C Springboot電子商城系統-路由閘道器(zuul)
一、Zuul簡介
Zuul的主要功能是路由轉發和過濾器。路由功能是微服務的一部分,比如/api/user轉發到到user服務,/api/shop轉發到到shop服務。zuul預設和Ribbon結合實現了負載均衡的功能。
需要JAVA Spring Cloud大型企業分散式微服務雲構建的B2B2C電子商務平臺原始碼一零三八七七四六二六
zuul有以下功能:
Authentication
Insights
Stress Testing
Canary Testing
Dynamic Routing
Service Migration
Load Shedding
Security
Static Response handling
Active/Active traffic management
二、建立service-zuul工程
pom.xml檔案如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>service-zuul</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>service-zuul</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>sc-f-chapter5</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
在其入口applicaton類加上註解@EnableZuulProxy,開啟zuul的功能:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ServiceZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run( ServiceZuulApplication.class, args );
}
}
加上配置檔案application.yml加上以下的配置程式碼:
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port: 8769
spring:
application:
name: service-zuul
zuul:
routes:
api-a:
path: /api-a/**
serviceId: service-ribbon
api-b:
path: /api-b/**
serviceId: service-feign
首先指定服務註冊中心的地址為 http://localhost:8761/eureka/, 服務的埠為8769,服務名為service-zuul;以/api-a/ 開頭的請求都轉發給service-ribbon服務;以/api-b/開頭的請求都轉發給service-feign服務;
依次執行這五個工程;開啟瀏覽器訪問:http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp ;瀏覽器顯示:
hi forezp,i am from port: 8762
開啟瀏覽器訪問:http://localhost:8769/api-b/hi?name=forezp ;瀏覽器顯示:
hi forezp,i am from port: 8762
這說明zuul起到了路由的作用
三、服務過濾
zuul不僅只是路由,並且還能過濾,做一些安全驗證。繼續改造工程;
@Component
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class);
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "pre";
}
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
@Override
public Object run() {
RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString()));
Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token");
if(accessToken == null) {
log.warn("token is empty");
ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false);
ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401);
try {
ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty");
}catch (Exception e){}
return null;
}
log.info("ok");
return null;
}
}
filterType:返回一個字串代表過濾器的型別,在zuul中定義了四種不同生命週期的過濾器型別,具體如下:
pre:路由之前
routing:路由之時
post: 路由之後
error:傳送錯誤呼叫
filterOrder:過濾的順序
shouldFilter:這裡可以寫邏輯判斷,是否要過濾,本文true,永遠過濾。
run:過濾器的具體邏輯。可用很複雜,包括查sql,nosql去判斷該請求到底有沒有許可權訪問。
這時訪問:http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp ;網頁顯示:
token is empty
訪問 http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp&token=22 ;
網頁顯示:
hi forezp