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Python AttributeError: 'Module' object has no attribute 'STARTF_USESHOWINDOW'

夫學須志也,才須學也,非學無以廣才,非志無以成學。——諸葛亮 生活有度,自得慈銘 ——杜錦陽

<hr/> 今天新來的同事安裝環境遇到個莫名其妙的問題:

AttributeError: 'Module' object has no attribute 'STARTF_USESHOWINDOW' 

其它小夥伴好像都沒遇到過,後來發現,應該是系統的問題,因為還出現了位元組混亂的錯誤:
UNICODEENCODEERROR:‘ascii’ code can't encode...

這個先不提,我們先來看看下面的錯誤: STARTF_USESHOWINDOW

深圳市米奇雲科技有限公司

因公司資訊,所以打上馬賽克了。

百度了一會,發現網上解決方案都不靠譜。

出錯原因:使用了subprocess模組,系統找不到這個模組。

你可以做個測試:在python下輸出subprocess也會報這個錯。

後來想到有可能系統環境的問題和模組程式碼引起,起初是替換了Lib\site-packages\matplotlib\compat下的subprocess.py,後來想到這是子模組,於是再替換了Lib\下的 subprocess.py ,再執行,一切正常。

國內外論壇都沒找到相關的解釋,後來去翻了原始碼才知道了原因,Cmd是WIN下命令符,pyc是編譯後執行的,和JAVA一樣,一次編譯多處執行,如果出現這個錯誤的小夥伴可以找這幾個地方替換下,或者直接拿可執行版本的丟進去覆蓋下。

我們來翻看一下:

if mswindows:
    import threading
    import msvcrt
    import _subprocess
    class STARTUPINFO:
        dwFlags = 0
        hStdInput = None
        hStdOutput = None
        hStdError = None
        wShowWindow = 0
    class pywintypes:
        error = IOError
else:
    import select
    _has_poll = hasattr(select, 'poll')
    import fcntl
    import pickle

    # When select or poll has indicated that the file is writable,
    # we can write up to _PIPE_BUF bytes without risk of blocking.
    # POSIX defines PIPE_BUF as >= 512.
    _PIPE_BUF = getattr(select, 'PIPE_BUF', 512)

此處是引入了 import _subprocess 模組,也就是說 subprocess.py -> _subprocess

然後定位到:

if mswindows:
        #
        # Windows methods
        #

在這下面找到:

 def _execute_child(self, args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
                           cwd, env, universal_newlines,
                           startupinfo, creationflags, shell, to_close,
                           p2cread, p2cwrite,
                           c2pread, c2pwrite,
                           errread, errwrite):
            """Execute program (MS Windows version)"""

            if not isinstance(args, types.StringTypes):
                args = list2cmdline(args)

            # Process startup details
            if startupinfo is None:
                startupinfo = STARTUPINFO()
            if None not in (p2cread, c2pwrite, errwrite):
                startupinfo.dwFlags |= _subprocess.STARTF_USESTDHANDLES
                startupinfo.hStdInput = p2cread
                startupinfo.hStdOutput = c2pwrite
                startupinfo.hStdError = errwrite

            if shell:
                startupinfo.dwFlags |= _subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
                startupinfo.wShowWindow = _subprocess.SW_HIDE
                comspec = os.environ.get("COMSPEC", "cmd.exe")
                args = '{} /c "{}"'.format (comspec, args)
                if (_subprocess.GetVersion() >= 0x80000000 or
                        os.path.basename(comspec).lower() == "command.com"):
                    # Win9x, or using command.com on NT. We need to
                    # use the w9xpopen intermediate program. For more
                    # information, see KB Q150956
                    # (http://web.archive.org/web/20011105084002/http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q150/9/56.asp)
                    w9xpopen = self._find_w9xpopen()
                    args = '"%s" %s' % (w9xpopen, args)
                    # Not passing CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE has been known to
                    # cause random failures on win9x.  Specifically a
                    # dialog: "Your program accessed mem currently in
                    # use at xxx" and a hopeful warning about the
                    # stability of your system.  Cost is Ctrl+C wont
                    # kill children.
                    creationflags |= _subprocess.CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE

看到這裡,應該不難發現,CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE 是如何觸發的。

再來看下main方法的測試入口:

"""
  KARL-Dujinyang
  QQ:309933706
"""
if __name__ == "__main__":
    if mswindows:
        _demo_windows()
    else:
        _demo_posix()

mswindows 在我們文章開頭程式碼中已經提及了,測試的可以拿到此處程式碼進行測試:

mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32")

_demo_windows 方法的定義:

def _demo_windows():
    #
    # Example 1: Connecting several subprocesses
    #
    print "Looking for 'PROMPT' in set output..."
    p1 = Popen("set", stdout=PIPE, shell=True)
    p2 = Popen('find "PROMPT"', stdin=p1.stdout, stdout=PIPE)
    print repr(p2.communicate()[0])

    #dujinyang
    # Example 2: Simple execution of program
    #
    print "Executing calc..."
    p = Popen("calc")
    p.wait()

<br/>

可以看出,這裡是由 OPEN->CLOSE 所引起的問題。如果出現這個錯誤的小夥伴可以找這幾個地方替換下,或者直接拿可執行版本的丟進去覆蓋下,也可以找我拿下原始碼覆蓋,後面如果有時間我會上傳到一份到CSDN上。 <br/> || 版權宣告:本文為博主杜錦陽原創文章,轉載請註明出處。


作者:奧特曼超人Dujinyang

來源:CSDN

原文:https://dujinyang.blog.csdn.net/

版權宣告:本文為博主原創文章,轉載請