前言

IOptionsMonitor 是一種單一示例服務，可隨時檢索當前選項值，這在單一例項依賴項中尤其有用。IOptionsMonitor用於檢索選項並管理TOption例項的選項通知， IOptionsMonitor 支援以下方案：

• 更改通知
• 命名選項
• 可過載配置
• 選擇性選項失效 (IOptionsMonitorCache)

IOptionsMonitor

    public interface IOptionsMonitor<out TOptions>
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回具有 DefaultName 的當前 TOptions 例項。
        /// </summary>
        TOptions CurrentValue { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 返回具有給定名稱的已配置的 TOptions 例項。
        /// </summary>
        TOptions Get(string name);

        /// <summary>
        ///     註冊一個要在命名 TOptions 更改時呼叫的偵聽器。
        /// </summary>
        IDisposable OnChange(Action<TOptions, string> listener);
    }
 

OptionsMonitor

OptionsMonitor通過IOptionsChangeTokenSource實現監聽事件

    public class OptionsMonitor<TOptions> : IOptionsMonitor<TOptions>, IDisposable where TOptions : class, new()
    {
        private readonly IOptionsMonitorCache<TOptions> _cache;
        private readonly IOptionsFactory<TOptions> _factory;
        private readonly IEnumerable<IOptionsChangeTokenSource<TOptions>> _sources;
        private readonly List<IDisposable> _registrations = new List<IDisposable>();
        internal event Action<TOptions, string> _onChange;

        /// <summary>
        /// Constructor.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="factory">The factory to use to create options.</param>
        /// <param name="sources">The sources used to listen for changes to the options instance.</param>
        /// <param name="cache">The cache used to store options.</param>
        public OptionsMonitor(IOptionsFactory<TOptions> factory, IEnumerable<IOptionsChangeTokenSource<TOptions>> sources, IOptionsMonitorCache<TOptions> cache)
        {
            _factory = factory;
            _sources = sources;
            _cache = cache;

            foreach (var source in _sources)
            {
                var registration = ChangeToken.OnChange(
                      () => source.GetChangeToken(),
                      (name) => InvokeChanged(name),
                      source.Name);

                _registrations.Add(registration);
            }
        }

        private void InvokeChanged(string name)
        {
            name = name ?? Options.DefaultName;
            _cache.TryRemove(name);
            var options = Get(name);
            if (_onChange != null)
            {
                _onChange.Invoke(options, name);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// The present value of the options.
        /// </summary>
        public TOptions CurrentValue
        {
            get => Get(Options.DefaultName);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a configured <typeparamref name="TOptions"/> instance with the given <paramref name="name"/>.
        /// </summary>
        public virtual TOptions Get(string name)
        {
            name = name ?? Options.DefaultName;
            return _cache.GetOrAdd(name, () => _factory.Create(name));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Registers a listener to be called whenever <typeparamref name="TOptions"/> changes.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="listener">The action to be invoked when <typeparamref name="TOptions"/> has changed.</param>
        /// <returns>An <see cref="IDisposable"/> which should be disposed to stop listening for changes.</returns>
        public IDisposable OnChange(Action<TOptions, string> listener)
        {
            var disposable = new ChangeTrackerDisposable(this, listener);
            _onChange += disposable.OnChange;
            return disposable;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Removes all change registration subscriptions.
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            // Remove all subscriptions to the change tokens
            foreach (var registration in _registrations)
            {
                registration.Dispose();
            }
            _registrations.Clear();
        }

        internal class ChangeTrackerDisposable : IDisposable
        {
            private readonly Action<TOptions, string> _listener;
            private readonly OptionsMonitor<TOptions> _monitor;

            public ChangeTrackerDisposable(OptionsMonitor<TOptions> monitor, Action<TOptions, string> listener)
            {
                _listener = listener;
                _monitor = monitor;
            }

            public void OnChange(TOptions options, string name) => _listener.Invoke(options, name);

            public void Dispose() => _monitor._onChange -= OnChange;
        }
    }
 

IOptionsChangeTokenSource 的程式碼片段：

    public interface IOptionsChangeTokenSource<out TOptions>
    {
       
        IChangeToken GetChangeToken();

     
        string Name { get; }
    }

在OptionsMonitor的建構函式中，通過呼叫其GetChangeToken方法，獲取到 ChangeToken ，在 InvokeChanged 完成 *_onChange* 事件的呼叫:

        private void InvokeChanged(string name)
        {
            name = name ?? Options.DefaultName;
            _cache.TryRemove(name);
            var options = Get(name);
            if (_onChange != null)
            {
                _onChange.Invoke(options, name);
            }
        }
 

對外暴露OnChange方法,方便我們新增自己的業務邏輯

        public IDisposable OnChange(Action<TOptions, string> listener)
        {
            var disposable = new ChangeTrackerDisposable(this, listener);
            _onChange += disposable.OnChange;
            return disposable;
        }

通過ChangeTrackerDisposable進行事件的登出

  internal class ChangeTrackerDisposable : IDisposable
        {
            private readonly Action<TOptions, string> _listener;
            private readonly OptionsMonitor<TOptions> _monitor;

            public ChangeTrackerDisposable(OptionsMonitor<TOptions> monitor, Action<TOptions, string> listener)
            {
                _listener = listener;
                _monitor = monitor;
            }

            public void OnChange(TOptions options, string name) => _listener.Invoke(options, name);

            public void Dispose() => _monitor._onChange -= OnChange;
        }

ConfigurationChangeTokenSource

ConfigurationChangeTokenSource實現IOptionsChangeTokenSource介面

    public class ConfigurationChangeTokenSource<TOptions> : IOptionsChangeTokenSource<TOptions>
    {
        private IConfiguration _config;

     
        public ConfigurationChangeTokenSource(IConfiguration config) : this(Options.DefaultName, config)
        { }

        
        public ConfigurationChangeTokenSource(string name, IConfiguration config)
        {
            if (config == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(config));
            }
            _config = config;
            Name = name ?? Options.DefaultName;
        }

       
        public string Name { get; }

     
        public IChangeToken GetChangeToken()
        {
            return _config.GetReloadToken();
        }
    }

示例

    public class WeatherForecastController : ControllerBase
    {
        private readonly ILogger<WeatherForecastController> _logger;

        private readonly IOptionsMonitor<MyOptions> _options;
        public WeatherForecastController(IOptionsMonitor<MyOptions> options, ILogger<WeatherForecastController> logger)
        {
            _options = options;
            _logger = logger;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public OkObjectResult Get() {
            _options.OnChange(_=>_logger.LogWarning(_options.CurrentValue.Name));
            return Ok(string.Format("Name:{0},Url:{1}", _options.CurrentValue.Name,_options.CurrentValue.Url));
        }
    }

現在我們每次修改配置檔案，便會觸發OnChange事件