1. 程式人生 > >為啥 Response.Write 後,View就不渲染了?

為啥 Response.Write 後,View就不渲染了?

## 一:背景 ### 1. 講故事 前幾天群裡有一位朋友聊到,為什麼我在 Action 中執行一句 `Response.Write` 之後,後續的 View 就不呈現了,如果腦子中沒有畫面,那就上測試程式碼: ``` C# public class HomeController : Controller { public IActionResult Index() { Response.WriteAsync("hello world!"); return View(); } } ``` ![](https://img2020.cnblogs.com/other/214741/202010/214741-20201020085640339-157864213.png) 結果還是挺有意思的,大家都知道,預設情況下會渲染 `/Home/Index` 對應的 view 頁面,但這裡被 `Response.WriteAsync` 插了一槓子,氣的 view 都渲染不出來了,那接下來就來找一找 view 為啥這麼生氣? ## 二:尋找真相 ### 1. 從 Logger 入手 相信很多人都在用 aspnetcore 中的 logger 記錄日誌,為什麼要首選這個 logger 呢?因為它在 web框架 中是一等公民的存在,畢竟底層原始碼各處都嵌入著這玩意哈,隨便找點程式碼: ``` C# internal abstract class ActionMethodExecutor { private Task ResultNext(ref ResourceInvoker.State next, ref ResourceInvoker.Scope scope, [Nullable(2)] ref object state, ref bool isCompleted) where TFilter : class, IResultFilter where TFilterAsync : class, IAsyncResultFilter { ResourceInvoker.ResultExecutingContextSealed resultExecutingContext3 = this._resultExecutingContext; this._diagnosticListener.BeforeOnResultExecuting(resultExecutingContext3, tfilter); this._logger.BeforeExecutingMethodOnFilter(filterType, "OnResultExecuting", tfilter); tfilter.OnResultExecuting(resultExecutingContext3); this._diagnosticListener.AfterOnResultExecuting(resultExecutingContext3, tfilter); this._logger.AfterExecutingMethodOnFilter(filterType, "OnResultExecuting", tfilter); if (this._resultExecutingContext.Cancel) { this._logger.ResultFilterShortCircuited(tfilter); this._resultExecutedContext = new ResourceInvoker.ResultExecutedContextSealed(resultExecutingContext3, this._filters, resultExecutingContext3.Result, this._instance) { Canceled = true }; goto IL_39E; } } } ``` 而且大家想想,這種寫法特別奇葩,我想底層框架中的 logger 定會有所反饋,接下來在啟動程式的時候採用 `WebApplication1` 的模式啟動,如下圖: ![](https://img2020.cnblogs.com/other/214741/202010/214741-20201020085640530-8005216.png) 啟動後,在控制檯上可以看到一堆報錯資訊: ``` C# info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0] Now listening on: http://localhost:5000 info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0] Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down. info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0] Hosting environment: Development info: Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime[0] Content root path: E:\net5\WebApplication1\WebApplication1 fail: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware[1] An unhandled exception has occurred while executing the request. System.InvalidOperationException: Headers are read-only, response has already started. at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.Http.HttpHeaders.ThrowHeadersReadOnlyException() at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel.Core.Internal.Http.HttpHeaders.Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.IHeaderDictionary.set_Item(String key, StringValues value) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.DefaultHttpResponse.set_ContentType(String value) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures.ViewExecutor.ExecuteAsync(ViewContext viewContext, String contentType, Nullable`1 statusCode) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures.ViewExecutor.ExecuteAsync(ActionContext actionContext, IView view, ViewDataDictionary viewData, ITempDataDictionary tempData, String contentType, Nullable`1 statusCode) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures.ViewResultExecutor.ExecuteAsync(ActionContext context, ViewResult result) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewResult.ExecuteResultAsync(ActionContext context) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Logged|21_0(ResourceInvoker invoker, IActionResult result) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.g__Awaited|29_0[TFilter,TFilterAsync](ResourceInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Rethrow(ResultExecutedContextSealed context) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.ResultNext[TFilter,TFilterAsync](State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted) at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.InvokeResultFilters() ``` 異常資訊非常明顯:`Headers are read-only, response has already started`,大概就是說,header是隻讀的,response已是啟動狀態了,從呼叫堆疊的 `ViewExecutor.ExecuteAsync` 處可看出,程式碼準備渲染 view,在 set_ContentType 處遭遇異常,結束了後續渲染流程。 接下來一起看下,為什麼會觸發這個異常??? ## 三: 除錯原始碼尋找異常的原因 ### 1. dnspy 除錯 除了從異常堆疊中找到最早的異常程式碼處,這裡還說一個小技巧,使用 ndspy 的 異常斷點功能,在異常設定面板 定位 `InvalidOperationException` 異常即可。 ![](https://img2020.cnblogs.com/other/214741/202010/214741-20201020085640769-1109198617.png) 接下來就可以讓程式跑起來,當異常丟擲時會自動斷下來。 ![](https://img2020.cnblogs.com/other/214741/202010/214741-20201020085642834-388542772.png) 仔細看一下圖中的文字標註,還是很好理解的,接下來繼續追一下: `response.ContentType = contentType2;` 內部都做了什麼。 ``` C# public override string ContentType { get { return this.Headers[HeaderNames.ContentType]; } set { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value)) { this.HttpResponseFeature.Headers.Remove(HeaderNames.ContentType); return; } this.HttpResponseFeature.Headers[HeaderNames.ContentType] = value; } } ``` 可以看到 內部是給 `this.HttpResponseFeature.Headers` 賦值的,繼續往下追: ![](https://img2020.cnblogs.com/other/214741/202010/214741-20201020085644011-1768392491.png) 從圖中可以看到,最後的 `HttpHeader._isReadOnly =true` 導致異常的發生,罪魁禍首哈,接下來研究下這句 `HttpHeader._isReadOnly=true` 是何時被賦值的。 ### 2. _isReadOnly=true 何時發生 這個問題就簡單多了,必定是 `Response.WriteAsync("hello world!");` 造成了 _isReadOnly=true ,在 HttpHeader 下有一個 SetReadOnly 方法用於對 _isReadOnly 欄位的封裝,程式碼如下: ``` C# internal abstract class HttpHeaders { public void SetReadOnly() { this._isReadOnly = true; } } ``` 接下來在該方法處下一個斷點,繼續除錯,如下圖: ![](https://img2020.cnblogs.com/other/214741/202010/214741-20201020085645738-1447664510.png) 從圖中可看到,原來 `Response.WriteAsync("hello world!")` 是可以封鎖 HttpHeaders的,後續任何再對 HttpHeader 的操作都是無效的。。。 其實大家也可以想一想,不同的response,肯定會有不同的 header,要想疊加的話這輩子都不可能的,只能讓後面的報錯,如下: ``` C# 1. response: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 19 Oct 2020 14:37:54 GMT Server: Kestrel Transfer-Encoding: chunked c hello world! 2. view: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 19 Oct 2020 14:39:01 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Server: Kestrel Content-Length: 2239 ``` ## 四: 總結 這篇就是對群聊天過程中丟擲問題的個人探究,一家之言,不過挺有意思,大家也可以多用用除錯工具尋找問題,證明問題,紙上得來終覺淺,絕知此事要躬行,好了,希望本篇對您有幫助! **更多高質量乾貨:參見我的 GitHub: [dotnetfly](https://github.com/ctripxchuang/dotnetfly)**