Jetpack Compose之隱藏Scaffold的BottomNavigation

做主頁導航時會用到底部導航欄，Jetpack Compose提供了基礎槽位的佈局Scaffold，使用Scaffold可以構建底部導航欄，例如：

@Composable
fun Greeting(vm: VM) {
    val list = listOf("One", "Two", "Three")
    var selectedItem = remember {
        mutableStateOf(0)
    }
    val navController = rememberNavController()
    Scaffold(bottomBar = {
        state.takeIf { it.value }?.let {
            BottomNavigation {
                list.forEachIndexed { index, label ->
                    BottomNavigationItem(
                        label = { Text(text = label) },
                        selected = index == selectedItem.value,
                        onClick = { selectedItem.value = index },
                        icon = {
                            Icon(
                                painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.ic_launcher_foreground),
                                contentDescription = null
                            )
                        })
                }
            }
        }
    }) {
        NavHost(navController = navController, startDestination = "one") {
            composable(route = "one") { PageList(navController, vm) }
            composable(route = "detail") { PageDetail(vm) }
        }
    }
}

這是一個最簡單的Scaffold，其主頁時PageList，顯示一列數字，點選數字後會跳轉到PageDetail頁面。

但是有個很大的問題，就是在跳轉到PageDetail頁面之後，BottomNavigation並沒有隨之消失，於是乎出現了這樣一個奇怪的現象：

為了解決這個問題，可以採用State去控制BottomNavigation的可見性，並將其儲存在ViewModel中。

具體做法是：

1.在ViewModel中建立一個包含Boolean值的LiveData變數state。當state為true時繪製BottomNavigation，為false時不繪製

2.在包含Scaffold頁面中監聽state，並控制BottomNavigation的可見性。

3.在PageList（也就是Scaffold導航的主頁）進入時設定state為true、退出時設定state為false

// ViewModel
class VM: ViewModel() {
  private val _state: MutableLiveData<Boolean> = MutableLiveData(true)
  val state: LiveData<Boolean> get() = _state
  fun setState(status: Boolean) {
      _state.postValue(status)
  }
}
// MainPage
@Compose MainPage(vm: VM) {
  LaunchedEffect(key1 = true) {
    vm.setState(true)
  }
  DisposableEffect(key1 = true) {
    onDispose {
      vm.setState(false)
    }
  }
}
// page contains Scaffold
@Composable
fun Greeting(vm: VM) {
  // State of BottomNavigation`s visibility
  val state = remember { mutableStateOf<Boolean>(true) }
  // read the BottomNavigation`s visibility from ViewModel and send to State
  vm.state.observeAsState().value?.let { state.value = it }
  Scaffold(bottomBar = {
    // show / hide BottomNavigation controlled by State
    state.takeIf { it.value }?.let {
        BottomNavigation {
            list.forEachIndexed { index, label ->
                BottomNavigationItem(
                    label = { Text(text = label) },
                    selected = index == selectedItem.value,
                    onClick = { selectedItem.value = index },
                    icon = {
                        Icon(
                            painter = painterResource(id = R.drawable.ic_launcher_foreground),
                            contentDescription = null
                        )
                    })
            }
        }
    }
  }) {
    NavHost(navController = navController, startDestination = "one") {
        composable(route = "one") { PageList(navController, vm) }
        composable(route = "detail") { PageDetail(vm) }
      }
    }
  }

這種做法的好處是簡單，侵入性低，無需修改系統api也無需自定義view。缺點就是麻煩，需要在導航中的每個主頁都進行設定。

我在StackOverflow上提問時有人回答了另一個辦法。這個辦法是給每個螢幕新增標誌位，來區分是否是導航的主頁，之後再建立BottomNavigation時進行判斷。貼一下：

You need to specify which screens you want to show and which screens you dont want; Otherwise it will show to all the screens inside Scaffold's body (which you have bottomBar). The code below was from my app.

Create a state which observes any destination changes on the navController

Inside when you can put any screens that you want to show navigationBar else just set currentScreen to NoBottomBar

@Composable
private fun NavController.currentScreen(): State<MainSubScreen> {
    val currentScreen = remember { mutableStateOf<MainSubScreen>(MainSubScreen.Home) }
    DisposableEffect(key1 = this) {
        val listener = NavController.OnDestinationChangedListener { _, destination, _ ->
            when {
                destination.hierarchy.any { it.route == MainSubScreen.Home.route } -> {
                    currentScreen.value = MainSubScreen.Home
                } else -> currentScreen.value = MainSubScreen.NoBottomBar
            }
        }
        addOnDestinationChangedListener(listener)
    }
    return currentScreen
}

On the Scaffold where you put ur bottomBar

so you can check if currentScreen was NoBottomBar if it was, don't show it

// initialized currentScreeen above
val currentScreen by navController.currentScreen()
    Scaffold(
        bottomBar = {
            if (currentScreen != MainSubScreen.NoBottomBar) {
                MainBottomNavigation()
            } else Unit
        }
    ) {
        // Your screen
    }