獲取windows 作業系統下的硬體或作業系統資訊等

　　奇怪的工作，製作的是一款辦公應用軟體，領導卻要求我統計使用者計算機的物理資訊，什麼CPU的型號、核心數，什麼記憶體資訊等各種亂七八糟的使用者資訊。我想問，現在使用者的資訊就這麼沒有隱私性了麼？想獲取就獲取傳遞到後臺……無奈我只是民工，還是老老實實做了。然後查閱了一些資料，主要用到了System.Management名稱空間下的資訊（System.Management 名稱空間 | Microsoft Docs）。

1、引用

　　在查詢計算機硬體或者作業系統的資訊時，使用ManagementObjectSearcher類或者ManagementClass類，其在在System.Management名稱空間下，需要新增對System.Management的引用。

　　在日常的程式設計中，我們可以通過Environment獲得一些簡單的系統資訊，如獲得作業系統登入使用者名稱：Environment.UserName。但更多、複雜的資訊並不能獲得。

2、用法

　　下面兩部分程式碼分別演示獲取作業系統資訊：

　　1、使用ManagementObjectSearcher類

ObjectQuery query = new ObjectQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem");//注意查詢的型別 from *

ManagementObjectSearcher searcher =new ManagementObjectSearcher(query);//也可以直接將查詢字串寫入這個建構函式中

ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection = searcher.Get();

foreach (ManagementObject m in queryCollection)

{

    Console.WriteLine("Computer Name : {0}",  m["csname"]);

    Console.WriteLine("Windows Directory : {0}", m["WindowsDirectory"]);

    Console.WriteLine("Operating System: {0}", m["Caption"]);

    Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", m["Version"]);

    Console.WriteLine("Manufacturer : {0}", m["Manufacturer"]);

}

　　2、使用ManagementClass類

ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_OperatingSystem");//填入需要查詢的型別

ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection = mc.GetInstances();

foreach (ManagementObject m in queryCollection)

{

    Console.WriteLine("Computer Name : {0}", m["csname"]);

    Console.WriteLine("Windows Directory : {0}", m["WindowsDirectory"]);

    Console.WriteLine("Operating System: {0}", m["Caption"]);

    Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", m["Version"]);

    Console.WriteLine("Manufacturer : {0}", m["Manufacturer"]);

}

　　如果不知道要獲取的屬性名稱，可以迴圈遍歷打印出來（注意獲取值的方式有兩種）。

ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_OperatingSystem");//填入需要查詢的型別

ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances();

foreach (ManagementObject mo in moc)

{

    foreach (PropertyData pd in mo.Properties)

    {

        if (mo[pd.Name] != null && mo[pd.Name].ToString() != "")

        {

            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}:{1}", pd.Name, mo.GetPropertyValue(pd.Name)));

        }

    }

}

3、示例

　　以生成註冊碼為例，註冊碼使用CPU的序列號和C盤的序列號為基準：

/// <summary>

/// 獲取CPU序列號

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

private string GetCpuNum()

{

    ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor");//填入需要查詢的型別

    ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection = mc.GetInstances();

    foreach (ManagementObject m in queryCollection)

    {

       return m.GetPropertyValue("Processorid").ToString();

    }

    return string.Empty;

}

/// <summary>

/// 取得裝置硬碟的卷標號

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

private Dictionary<string,string> GetDiskVolumeSerialNumber()

{

    Dictionary<string, string> keyValuePairs = new Dictionary<string, string>();

    ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_LogicalDisk");//填入需要查詢的型別

    ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection = mc.GetInstances();

    foreach (ManagementObject mo in queryCollection)

    {

        keyValuePairs.Add(mo.GetPropertyValue("DeviceID").ToString().Trim(':'), mo.GetPropertyValue("VolumeSerialNumber").ToString());

    }

    return keyValuePairs;

}

///<summary>

///生成註冊碼

///</summary>

///<returns></returns>

public string GetRegCode()

{

    int[] intCode = new int[127];//儲存金鑰

    int[] intNumber = new int[25];//存機器碼的Ascii值

    char[] Charcode = new char[25];//儲存機器碼字

    //初始化127位陣列

    for (int i = 1; i < intCode.Length; i++)

    {

        intCode[i] = i % 9;

    }

    string cpuNum = GetCpuNum();

    string diskSerialNumber = GetDiskVolumeSerialNumber()["C"];

    string strNum = cpuNum + diskSerialNumber;//生成機器碼

    string MNum = strNum.Substring(0, 24);//從生成的字串中取出前24個字元做為機器碼

    for (int i = 1; i < Charcode.Length; i++)//把機器碼存入陣列中

    {

        Charcode[i] = Convert.ToChar(MNum.Substring(i - 1, 1));

    }

    for (int j = 1; j < intNumber.Length; j++)//把字元的ASCII值存入一個整陣列中。

    {

        intNumber[j] = intCode[Convert.ToInt32(Charcode[j])] + Convert.ToInt32(Charcode[j]);

    }

    string strAsciiName = "";//用於儲存註冊碼

    for (int j = 1; j < intNumber.Length; j++)

    {

        if (intNumber[j] >= 48 && intNumber[j] <= 57)//判斷字元ASCII值是否0－9之間

        {

            strAsciiName += Convert.ToChar(intNumber[j]).ToString();

        }

        else if (intNumber[j] >= 65 && intNumber[j] <= 90)//判斷字元ASCII值是否A－Z之間

        {

            strAsciiName += Convert.ToChar(intNumber[j]).ToString();

        }

        else if (intNumber[j] >= 97 && intNumber[j] <= 122)//判斷字元ASCII值是否a－z之間

        {

            strAsciiName += Convert.ToChar(intNumber[j]).ToString();

        }

        else//判斷字元ASCII值不在以上範圍內

        {

            if (intNumber[j] > 122)//判斷字元ASCII值是否大於z

            {

                strAsciiName += Convert.ToChar(intNumber[j] - 10).ToString();

            }

            else

            {

                strAsciiName += Convert.ToChar(intNumber[j] - 9).ToString();

            }

        }

    }

    return strAsciiName;//返回註冊碼

}

4、常用的Key

　　ObjectQuery和ManagementClass都需要輸入Key值，以明確需要獲取什麼型別的資料。其常用的Key值如下：

internal enum WmiType

{

    Win32_Processor, // CPU 處理器

    Win32_PhysicalMemory, // 實體記憶體條

    Win32_Keyboard, // 鍵盤

    Win32_PointingDevice, // 點輸入裝置,包括滑鼠。

    Win32_FloppyDrive, // 軟盤驅動器

    Win32_DiskDrive, // 硬碟驅動器

    Win32_CDROMDrive, // 光碟驅動器

    Win32_BaseBoard, // 主機板

    Win32_BIOS, // BIOS 晶片

    Win32_ParallelPort, // 並口

    Win32_SerialPort, // 串列埠

    Win32_SerialPortConfiguration, // 串列埠配置

    Win32_SoundDevice, // 多媒體設定,一般指音效卡。

    Win32_SystemSlot, // 主機板插槽 (ISA & PCI & AGP)

    Win32_USBController, // USB 控制器

    Win32_NetworkAdapter, // 網路介面卡

    Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration, // 網路介面卡設定

    Win32_Printer, // 印表機

    Win32_PrinterConfiguration, // 印表機設定

    Win32_PrintJob, // 印表機任務

    Win32_TCPIPPrinterPort, // 印表機埠

    Win32_POTSModem, // MODEM

    Win32_POTSModemToSerialPort, // MODEM 埠

    Win32_DesktopMonitor, // 顯示器

    Win32_DisplayConfiguration, // 顯示卡

    Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration, // 顯示卡設定

    Win32_VideoController, // 顯示卡細節。

    Win32_VideoSettings, // 顯示卡支援的顯示模式。 

    // 作業系統

    Win32_TimeZone, // 時區

    Win32_SystemDriver, // 驅動程式

    Win32_DiskPartition, // 磁碟分割槽

    Win32_LogicalDisk, // 邏輯磁碟

    Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition, // 邏輯磁碟所在分割槽及始末位置。

    Win32_LogicalMemoryConfiguration, // 邏輯記憶體配置

    Win32_PageFile, // 系統頁檔案資訊

    Win32_PageFileSetting, // 頁檔案設定

    Win32_BootConfiguration, // 系統啟動配置

    Win32_ComputerSystem, // 計算機資訊簡要

    Win32_OperatingSystem, // 作業系統資訊

    Win32_StartupCommand, // 系統自動啟動程式

    Win32_Service, // 系統安裝的服務

    Win32_Group, // 系統管理組

    Win32_GroupUser, // 系統組帳號

    Win32_UserAccount, // 使用者帳號

    Win32_Process, // 系統程序

    Win32_Thread, // 系統執行緒

    Win32_Share, // 共享

    Win32_NetworkClient, // 已安裝的網路客戶端

    Win32_NetworkProtocol, // 已安裝的網路協議

}

5、全部Key值

 internal enum WmiType

 {

     Win32_1394Controller,

     Win32_1394ControllerDevice,

     Win32_Account,

     Win32_AccountSID,

     Win32_ACE,

     Win32_ActionCheck,

     Win32_AllocatedResource,

     Win32_ApplicationCommandLine,

     Win32_ApplicationService,

     Win32_AssociatedBattery,

     Win32_AssociatedProcessorMemory,

     Win32_BaseBoard,

     Win32_BaseService,

     Win32_Battery,

     Win32_Binary,

     Win32_BindImageAction,

     Win32_BIOS,

     Win32_BootConfiguration,

     Win32_Bus,

     Win32_CacheMemory,

     Win32_CDROMDrive,

     Win32_CheckCheck,

     Win32_CIMLogicalDeviceCIMDataFile,

     Win32_ClassicCOMApplicationClasses,

     Win32_ClassicCOMClass,

     Win32_ClassicCOMClassSetting,

     Win32_ClassicCOMClassSettings,

     Win32_ClassInfoAction,

     Win32_ClientApplicationSetting,

     Win32_CodecFile,

     Win32_COMApplication,

     Win32_COMApplicationClasses,

     Win32_COMApplicationSettings,

     Win32_COMClass,

     Win32_ComClassAutoEmulator,

     Win32_ComClassEmulator,

     Win32_CommandLineAccess,

     Win32_ComponentCategory,

     Win32_ComputerSystem,

     Win32_ComputerSystemProcessor,

     Win32_ComputerSystemProduct,

     Win32_COMSetting,

     Win32_Condition,

     Win32_CreateFolderAction,

     Win32_CurrentProbe,

     Win32_DCOMApplication,

     Win32_DCOMApplicationAccessAllowedSetting,

     Win32_DCOMApplicationLaunchAllowedSetting,

     Win32_DCOMApplicationSetting,

     Win32_DependentService,

     Win32_Desktop,

     Win32_DesktopMonitor,

     Win32_DeviceBus,

     Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress,

     Win32_DeviceSettings,

     Win32_Directory,

     Win32_DirectorySpecification,

     Win32_DiskDrive,

     Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition,

     Win32_DiskPartition,

     Win32_DisplayConfiguration,

     Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration,

     Win32_DMAChannel,

     Win32_DriverVXD,

     Win32_DuplicateFileAction,

     Win32_Environment,

     Win32_EnvironmentSpecification,

     Win32_ExtensionInfoAction,

     Win32_Fan,

     Win32_FileSpecification,

     Win32_FloppyController,

     Win32_FloppyDrive,

     Win32_FontInfoAction,

     Win32_Group,

     Win32_GroupUser,

     Win32_HeatPipe,

     Win32_IDEController,

     Win32_IDEControllerDevice,

     Win32_ImplementedCategory,

     Win32_InfraredDevice,

     Win32_IniFileSpecification,

     Win32_InstalledSoftwareElement,

     Win32_IRQResource,

     Win32_Keyboard,

     Win32_LaunchCondition,

     Win32_LoadOrderGroup,

     Win32_LoadOrderGroupServiceDependencies,

     Win32_LoadOrderGroupServiceMembers,

     Win32_LogicalDisk,

     Win32_LogicalDiskRootDirectory,

     Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition,

     Win32_LogicalFileAccess,

     Win32_LogicalFileAuditing,

     Win32_LogicalFileGroup,

     Win32_LogicalFileOwner,

     Win32_LogicalFileSecuritySetting,

     Win32_LogicalMemoryConfiguration,

     Win32_LogicalProgramGroup,

     Win32_LogicalProgramGroupDirectory,

     Win32_LogicalProgramGroupItem,

     Win32_LogicalProgramGroupItemDataFile,

     Win32_LogicalShareAccess,

     Win32_LogicalShareAuditing,

     Win32_LogicalShareSecuritySetting,

     Win32_ManagedSystemElementResource,

     Win32_MemoryArray,

     Win32_MemoryArrayLocation,

     Win32_MemoryDevice,

     Win32_MemoryDeviceArray,

     Win32_MemoryDeviceLocation,

     Win32_MethodParameterClass,

     Win32_MIMEInfoAction,

     Win32_MotherboardDevice,

     Win32_MoveFileAction,

     Win32_MSIResource,

     Win32_NetworkAdapter,

     Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration,

     Win32_networkAdapterSetting,

     Win32_NetworkClient,

     Win32_networkConnection,

     Win32_NetworkLoginProfile,

     Win32_NetworkProtocol,

     Win32_NTEventlogFile,

     Win32_NTLogEvent,

     Win32_NTLogEventComputer,

     Win32_NTLogEventLog,

     Win32_NTLogEventUser,

     Win32_ODBCAttribute,

     Win32_ODBCDataSourceAttribute,

     Win32_ODBCDataSourceSpecification,

     Win32_ODBCDriverAttribute,

     Win32_ODBCDriverSoftwareElement,

     Win32_ODBCDriverSpecification,

     Win32_ODBCSourceAttribute,

     Win32_ODBCTranslatorSpecification,

     Win32_OnBoardDevice,

     Win32_OperatingSystem,

     Win32_OperatingSystemQFE,

     Win32_OSRecoveryConfiguration,

     Win32_PageFile,

     Win32_PageFileElementSetting,

     Win32_PageFileSetting,

     Win32_PageFileUsage,

     Win32_ParallelPort,

     Win32_Patch,

     Win32_PatchFile,

     Win32_PatchPackage,

     Win32_PCMCIAController,

     Win32_Perf,

     Win32_PerfRawData,

     Win32_PerfRawData_ASP_ActiveServerPages,

     Win32_PerfRawData_ASPnet_114322_ASPnetAppsv114322,

     Win32_PerfRawData_ASPnet_114322_ASPnetv114322,

     Win32_PerfRawData_ASPnet_ASPnet,

     Win32_PerfRawData_ASPnet_ASPnetApplications,

     Win32_PerfRawData_IAS_IASAccountingClients,

     Win32_PerfRawData_IAS_IASAccountingServer,

     Win32_PerfRawData_IAS_IASAuthenticationClients,

     Win32_PerfRawData_IAS_IASAuthenticationServer,

     Win32_PerfRawData_InetInfo_InternetInformationServicesGlobal,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSDTC_DistributedTransactionCoordinator,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSFTPSVC_FTPService,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerAccessMethods,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerBackupDevice,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerBufferManager,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerBufferPartition,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerCacheManager,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerDatabases,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerGeneralStatistics,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerLatches,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerLocks,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerMemoryManager,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationAgents,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationDist,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationLogreader,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationMerge,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerReplicationSnapshot,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerSQLStatistics,

     Win32_PerfRawData_MSSQLSERVER_SQLServerUserSettable,

     Win32_PerfRawData_netFramework_netCLRExceptions,

     Win32_PerfRawData_netFramework_netCLRInterop,

     Win32_PerfRawData_netFramework_netCLRJit,

     Win32_PerfRawData_netFramework_netCLRLoading,

     Win32_PerfRawData_netFramework_netCLRLocksAndThreads,

     Win32_PerfRawData_netFramework_netCLRMemory,

     Win32_PerfRawData_netFramework_netCLRRemoting,

     Win32_PerfRawData_netFramework_netCLRSecurity,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Outlook_Outlook,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfDisk_PhysicalDisk,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Perfnet_Browser,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Perfnet_Redirector,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Perfnet_Server,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Perfnet_ServerWorkQueues,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Cache,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Objects,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_PagingFile,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Processor,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_System,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_FullImage_Costly,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Image_Costly,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_JobObject,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_JobObjectDetails,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Process,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_ProcessAddressSpace_Costly,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Thread,

     Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_ThreadDetails_Costly,

     Win32_PerfRawData_RemoteAccess_RASPort,

     Win32_PerfRawData_RemoteAccess_RASTotal,

     Win32_PerfRawData_RSVP_ACSPerRSVPService,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Spooler_PrintQueue,

     Win32_PerfRawData_TapiSrv_Telephony,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_ICMP,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_IP,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_NBTConnection,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_networkInterface,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_TCP,

     Win32_PerfRawData_Tcpip_UDP,

     Win32_PerfRawData_W3SVC_WebService,

     Win32_PhysicalMedia,

     Win32_PhysicalMemory,

     Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray,

     Win32_PhysicalMemoryLocation,

     Win32_PNPAllocatedResource,

     Win32_PnPDevice,

     Win32_PnPEntity,

     Win32_PointingDevice,

     Win32_PortableBattery,

     Win32_PortConnector,

     Win32_PortResource,

     Win32_POTSModem,

     Win32_POTSModemToSerialPort,

     Win32_PowerManagementEvent,

     Win32_Printer,

     Win32_PrinterConfiguration,

     Win32_PrinterController,

     Win32_PrinterDriverDll,

     Win32_PrinterSetting,

     Win32_PrinterShare,

     Win32_PrintJob,

     Win32_PrivilegesStatus,

     Win32_Process,

     Win32_Processor,

     Win32_ProcessStartup,

     Win32_Product,

     Win32_ProductCheck,

     Win32_ProductResource,

     Win32_ProductSoftwareFeatures,

     Win32_ProgIDSpecification,

     Win32_ProgramGroup,

     Win32_ProgramGroupContents,

     Win32_ProgramGroupOrItem,

     Win32_Property,

     Win32_ProtocolBinding,

     Win32_PublishComponentAction,

     Win32_QuickFixEngineering,

     Win32_Refrigeration,

     Win32_Registry,

     Win32_RegistryAction,

     Win32_RemoveFileAction,

     Win32_RemoveIniAction,

     Win32_ReserveCost,

     Win32_ScheduledJob,

     Win32_SCSIController,

     Win32_SCSIControllerDevice,

     Win32_SecurityDescriptor,

     Win32_SecuritySetting,

     Win32_SecuritySettingAccess,

     Win32_SecuritySettingAuditing,

     Win32_SecuritySettingGroup,

     Win32_SecuritySettingOfLogicalFile,

     Win32_SecuritySettingOfLogicalShare,

     Win32_SecuritySettingOfObject,

     Win32_SecuritySettingOwner,

     Win32_SelfRegModuleAction,

     Win32_SerialPort,

     Win32_SerialPortConfiguration,

     Win32_SerialPortSetting,

     Win32_Service,

     Win32_ServiceControl,

     Win32_ServiceSpecification,

     Win32_ServiceSpecificationService,

     Win32_SettingCheck,

     Win32_Share,

     Win32_ShareToDirectory,

     Win32_ShortcutAction,

     Win32_ShortcutFile,

     Win32_ShortcutSAP,

     Win32_SID,

     Win32_SMBIOSMemory,

     Win32_SoftwareElement,

     Win32_SoftwareElementAction,

     Win32_SoftwareElementCheck,

     Win32_SoftwareElementCondition,

     Win32_SoftwareElementResource,

     Win32_SoftwareFeature,

     Win32_SoftwareFeatureAction,

     Win32_SoftwareFeatureCheck,

     Win32_SoftwareFeatureParent,

     Win32_SoftwareFeatureSoftwareElements,

     Win32_SoundDevice,

     Win32_StartupCommand,

     Win32_SubDirectory,

     Win32_SystemAccount,

     Win32_SystemBIOS,

     Win32_SystemBootConfiguration,

     Win32_SystemDesktop,

     Win32_SystemDevices,

     Win32_SystemDriver,

     Win32_SystemDriverPNPEntity,

     Win32_SystemEnclosure,

     Win32_SystemLoadOrderGroups,

     Win32_SystemLogicalMemoryConfiguration,

     Win32_SystemMemoryResource,

     Win32_SystemnetworkConnections,

     Win32_SystemOperatingSystem,

     Win32_SystemPartitions,

     Win32_SystemProcesses,

     Win32_SystemProgramGroups,

     Win32_SystemResources,

     Win32_SystemServices,

     Win32_SystemSetting,

     Win32_SystemSlot,

     Win32_SystemSystemDriver,

     Win32_SystemTimeZone,

     Win32_SystemUsers,

     Win32_TCPIPPrinterPort,

     Win32_TapeDrive,

     Win32_TemperatureProbe,

     Win32_Thread,

     Win32_TimeZone,

     Win32_Trustee,

     Win32_TypeLibraryAction,

     Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply,

     Win32_USBController,

     Win32_USBControllerDevice,

     Win32_UserAccount,

     Win32_UserDesktop,

     Win32_VideoConfiguration,

     Win32_VideoController,

     Win32_VideoSettings,

     Win32_VoltageProbe,

     Win32_WMIElementSetting,

     Win32_WMISetting,

 }

全部key值

獲取windows 作業系統下的硬體或作業系統資訊等