我們可以使用 python 程式碼通過呼叫 ifconfig 命令來獲取 Linux 主機的 IP 相關資訊，包括：網絡卡名稱、MAC地址、IP地址等。

第一種實現方式：

 #!/usr/bin/python

 #encoding: utf-8

 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

 def getIfconfig():

     p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout = PIPE)

     data = p.stdout.read().split('\n\n')

     return [i for i in data if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

 def parseIfconfig(data):

     dic = {}

     for devs in data:

         lines = devs.split('\n')

         devname = lines[0].split()[0]

         macaddr = lines[0].split()[-1]

         ipaddr  = lines[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]

         dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]

     return dic

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     data = getIfconfig()

     print parseIfconfig(data)

第二種實現方式：

 #!/usr/bin/python

 #encoding: utf-8

 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

 def getIP():

     p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout = PIPE, stderr = PIPE)

     stdout, stderr = p.communicate()

     data = [i for i in stdout.split('\n') if i]

     return data

 def genIP(data):

     new_line = ''

     lines = []

     for line in data:

         if line[0].strip():

             lines.append(new_line)

             new_line = line + '\n'

         else:

             new_line += line + '\n'

     lines.append(new_line)

     return [i for i in lines if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

 def parseIP(data):

     dic = {}

     for devs in data:

         lines = devs.split('\n')

         devname = lines[0].split()[0]

         macaddr = lines[0].split()[-1]

         ipaddr  = lines[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]

         dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]

     return dic

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     data = getIP()

     nics = genIP(data)

     print parseIP(nics)

第三種方式實現(正則表示式)：

 #!/usr/bin/python

 #encoding: utf-8

 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

 import re

 def getIfconfig():

     p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout = PIPE)

     data = p.stdout.read().split('\n\n')

     return [i for i in data if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

 def parseIfconfig(data):

     dic = {}

     # re.M 多行模式，改變'^'和'$'的行為

     for line in data:

         re_devname = re.compile(r'(\w+).*Link encap', re.M)

         re_macaddr = re.compile(r'HWaddr\s([0-9A-F:]{17})', re.M)

         re_ipaddr  = re.compile(r'inet addr:([\d\.]{7,15})', re.M)

         devname  = re_devname.search(line)

         mac      = re_macaddr.search(line)

         ip       = re_ipaddr.search(line)

         if devname:

             devname = devname.group(1)

         else:

             devname = ''

         if mac:

             mac = mac.group(1)

         else:

             mac = ''

         if ip:

             ip = ip.group(1)

         else:

             ip = ''

         dic[devname] = [mac, ip]

     return dic

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     data = getIfconfig()

     print parseIfconfig(data)

實驗結果：

{'eth1': ['00:0C:29:18:1C:7F', '172.16.254.8'], 'eth0': ['00:0C:29:18:1C:75', '192.168.0.8']}