1.Hadoop叢集安裝部署

Hadoop · 發表 2018-10-16 18:56:00

摘要： Hadoop叢集安裝部署 1.介紹（1）架構模型（2）使用工具 VMWARE cenos7 Xshell Xftp jdk-8u91-linux-x64.rpm hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz 2.安裝步驟 ...

Hadoop叢集安裝部署

1.介紹

（1）架構模型

（2）使用工具

VMWARE
cenos7
Xshell
Xftp
jdk-8u91-linux-x64.rpm
hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz

2.安裝步驟

（1）部署master

建立一臺虛擬機器
修改ip

這裡請參考： ofollow,noindex" target="_blank">VMWARE虛擬機器中CentOs7網路連線
Xftp傳輸jdk、hadhoop安裝包

把兩個安裝包拉取到/usr/local路徑下
安裝jdk
```
rpm -ivh jdk-8u91-linux-x64.rpm
```
安裝hadhoop
```
tar zxvf hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz
```

配置環境變數

配置/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh的JAVA_HOME

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Set Hadoop-specific environment variables here.

# The only required environment variable is JAVA_HOME.All others are
# optional.When running a distributed configuration it is best to
# set JAVA_HOME in this file, so that it is correctly defined on
# remote nodes.

# The java implementation to use.
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default

# The jsvc implementation to use. Jsvc is required to run secure datanodes
# that bind to privileged ports to provide authentication of data transfer
# protocol.Jsvc is not required if SASL is configured for authentication of
# data transfer protocol using non-privileged ports.
#export JSVC_HOME=${JSVC_HOME}

export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_CONF_DIR:-"/etc/hadoop"}

# Extra Java CLASSPATH elements.Automatically insert capacity-scheduler.
for f in $HADOOP_HOME/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar; do
if [ "$HADOOP_CLASSPATH" ]; then
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$f
else
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$f
fi
done

# The maximum amount of heap to use, in MB. Default is 1000.
#export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=
#export HADOOP_NAMENODE_INIT_HEAPSIZE=""

# Extra Java runtime options.Empty by default.
export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"

# Command specific options appended to HADOOP_OPTS when specified
export HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=ERROR,RFAS $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"

export HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS"

export HADOOP_NFS3_OPTS="$HADOOP_NFS3_OPTS"
export HADOOP_PORTMAP_OPTS="-Xmx512m $HADOOP_PORTMAP_OPTS"

# The following applies to multiple commands (fs, dfs, fsck, distcp etc)
export HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS="-Xmx512m $HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS"
#HADOOP_JAVA_PLATFORM_OPTS="-XX:-UsePerfData $HADOOP_JAVA_PLATFORM_OPTS"

# On secure datanodes, user to run the datanode as after dropping privileges.
# This **MUST** be uncommented to enable secure HDFS if using privileged ports
# to provide authentication of data transfer protocol.This **MUST NOT** be
# defined if SASL is configured for authentication of data transfer protocol
# using non-privileged ports.
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=${HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER}

# Where log files are stored.$HADOOP_HOME/logs by default.
#export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/$USER

# Where log files are stored in the secure data environment.
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/${HADOOP_HDFS_USER}

###
# HDFS Mover specific parameters
###
# Specify the JVM options to be used when starting the HDFS Mover.
# These options will be appended to the options specified as HADOOP_OPTS
# and therefore may override any similar flags set in HADOOP_OPTS
#
# export HADOOP_MOVER_OPTS=""

###
# Advanced Users Only!
###

# The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default.
# NOTE: this should be set to a directory that can only be written to by 
#the user that will run the hadoop daemons.Otherwise there is the
#potential for a symlink attack.
export HADOOP_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}

# A string representing this instance of hadoop. $USER by default.
export HADOOP_IDENT_STRING=$USER

配置hadoop的全域性變數

修改/etc/profile

vi /etc/profile

# /etc/profile

# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc

# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.

pathmunge () {
case ":${PATH}:" in
*:"$1":*)
;;
*)
if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
PATH=$PATH:$1
else
PATH=$1:$PATH
fi
esac
}


if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
# ksh workaround
EUID=`/usr/bin/id -u`
UID=`/usr/bin/id -ru`
fi
USER="`/usr/bin/id -un`"
LOGNAME=$USER
MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi

# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
pathmunge /usr/sbin
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
pathmunge /usr/sbin after
fi

HOSTNAME=`/usr/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi

export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL

# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`/usr/bin/id -gn`" = "`/usr/bin/id -un`" ]; then
umask 002
else
umask 022
fi

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh /etc/profile.d/sh.local ; do
if [ -r "$i" ]; then
if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then 
. "$i"
else
. "$i" >/dev/null
fi
fi
done

unset i
unset -f pathmunge

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/hadoop/bin:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin

生效/etc/profile
```
source /etc/profile
```

（2）部署slave

克隆三個主機slave1、slave2、slave3
修改ip

（3）統一配置

利用Xshell提供的工具多視窗命令列，會使我們的操作更簡單。

測試網路

ping 192.168.40.100
ping 192.168.40.101
ping 192.168.40.102
ping 192.168.40.103

關閉防火牆

systemctl stop filewalld ------關閉防火牆
systemctl disable filewalld ------失效防火牆，下次重啟也屬於關閉狀態

修改host

vi /etc/hosts
192.168.40.100 master
192.168.40.101 slave1
192.168.40.102 slave2
192.168.40.103 slave3

配置core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://master:9090</value>
</property>
</configuration>

（4）啟動master

切換到master主機：

格式化namenode
```
hdfs namenode -format
```
啟動namenode
```
hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
```
檢視namenode是否啟動成功

jps

如果有NameNode程序則啟動成功。

（5）啟動slave

切換到slave1,slave2,slave3主機：

啟動datanode
```
hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
```
檢視datanode是否啟動成功

jps

如果有DataNode程序則啟動成功。

（6）檢視NameNode裡的DataNode

hadoop dfsadmin -report

結果：

[root@bogon hadoop]# hadoop dfsadmin -report
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.

Configured Capacity: 19925041152 (18.56 GB)
Present Capacity: 13599780864 (12.67 GB)
DFS Remaining: 13599756288 (12.67 GB)
DFS Used: 24576 (24 KB)
DFS Used%: 0.00%
Under replicated blocks: 0
Blocks with corrupt replicas: 0
Missing blocks: 0
Missing blocks (with replication factor 1): 0

-------------------------------------------------
Live datanodes (3):

Name: 192.168.40.103:50010 (slave3)
Hostname: localhost
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 6641680384 (6.19 GB)
DFS Used: 8192 (8 KB)
Non DFS Used: 2108416000 (1.96 GB)
DFS Remaining: 4533256192 (4.22 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.00%
DFS Remaining%: 68.25%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Tue Oct 16 18:34:12 CST 2018


Name: 192.168.40.101:50010 (slave1)
Hostname: localhost
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 6641680384 (6.19 GB)
DFS Used: 8192 (8 KB)
Non DFS Used: 2108420096 (1.96 GB)
DFS Remaining: 4533252096 (4.22 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.00%
DFS Remaining%: 68.25%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Tue Oct 16 18:34:12 CST 2018


Name: 192.168.40.102:50010 (slave2)
Hostname: localhost
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 6641680384 (6.19 GB)
DFS Used: 8192 (8 KB)
Non DFS Used: 2108424192 (1.96 GB)
DFS Remaining: 4533248000 (4.22 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.00%
DFS Remaining%: 68.25%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Tue Oct 16 18:34:12 CST 2018