Linux下安裝Mysql

摘要： 安裝 下載並安裝 wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rp...

安裝

• 下載並安裝

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
yum update
yum install mysql-server

• 許可權設定

chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

• 初始化MySQL

mysqld --initialize

• 啟動mysql服務

service mysqld start

• 關閉服務和檢視狀態

service mysqld stop
service mysqld status

設定root密碼

• 停止mysql服務

service mysqld stop

• 用安全模式重啟mysql

mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables

• 重新開啟一個shell操作介面,在新介面操作

mysql -u root

• 進入mysql命令列

use mysql;
flush privileges;
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123';
flush privileges;

• 退出,重啟mysql

exit;

service mysqld stop;
service mysqld start;

設定遠端訪問

• 在安裝mysql機器操作

mysql -h localhost -u root -p

輸入密碼之後，進入MySQL操作檯

• 命令列輸入命令

update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

• 解決navicat連線MySQL 1251錯誤

alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'yourpassword';

字符集

• 查詢字符集

  進入mysql命令列

mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name| Value|
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client| utf8mb4|
| character_set_connection| utf8mb4|
| character_set_database| utf8mb4|
| character_set_filesystem| binary|
| character_set_results| utf8mb4|
| character_set_server| utf8mb4|
| character_set_system| utf8|
| character_sets_dir| /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1|
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

檢視編碼格式，將編碼設定為統一格式utf8。

設定資料儲存位置

• 暫停mysql服務

service mysqld stop

• 移動mysql資料夾到指定目錄/home

mv /var/lib/mysql /home/

• 修改配置檔案my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf

將配置檔案中欄位改為如下格式

[client]
socket=/home/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
datadir=/home/mysql
socket=/home/mysql/mysql.sock

• 啟動mysql

service mysqld start

• 進入mysql命令列輸入命令檢視資料存放位置是否變更正確

mysql>show global variables like "%datadir%";