社會計算複習 之 Scale-free networks, Emergent Behaviour, Self-organizing systems
Scale Free Networks 無尺度網路

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Scale-free_network_zh.png/600px-Scale-free_network_zh.png
大部分的節點之和很少的節點連結,而這些關鍵節點稱之為Hub和connecter,即樞紐和節點。
Scale Free - Many small nodes held together by a few hubs
Robust Scale Free Networks
在random網路中,一些node失效將會很容易的將網路變成一塊塊isolated 和 non-communicating network。但是在一個Scale Free Network中即使減少了80%的node,剩下的20%依然相互連線。
但是很怕有組織的攻擊,對這些關鍵節點進行網路攻擊。
Run-away internet
Tor 網路等
Six degrees of separation
find the average distance between any two people in US
Emergent Behavior
Is a Behavior of a system that does not depend on its individual parts, but on their relationships to one anothers. And the Emergent behavior cannot be predicted by examination of a system's individual parts
即,一種系統的行為,不依賴於各個部分,而是他們彼此之間的relationship。所以說我們通過檢查各個部分無法預測緊急行為。
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