C# WPF上位機實現和下位機TCP通訊

Socket TCP/IP WPF · 發表 2019-03-19 20:52:00

摘要：下位機使用北京大華程控電源DH1766-1，上位機使用WPF。實現了電壓電流實時採集，曲線顯示。上午在公司除錯成功，手頭沒有程控電源，使用TCP服務端模擬。昨天寫的TCP服務端正好排上用場。介面如下：服務端服務端實在上篇基礎上實現的。需要做如下更改： ...

下位機使用北京大華程控電源DH1766-1，上位機使用WPF。實現了電壓電流實時採集，曲線顯示。上午在公司除錯成功，手頭沒有程控電源，使用TCP服務端模擬。昨天寫的TCP服務端正好排上用場。

介面如下：

服務端

服務端實在上篇基礎上實現的。需要做如下更改：

while (true)
                          {
                              try
                              {
                                  byte[] bufferDate = new byte[1024];
                                  int realLen = pSocket.Receive(bufferDate);
                                  if (realLen <= 0)
                                  {
                                      this.Invoke(addTextDelegate, pSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + "退出\r\n");
                                      socketList.Remove(pSocket);
                                      //客戶端退出的時候會發送一個空位元組
                                      pSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                                      pSocket.Close();
                                      return;
                                  }
                                  string receiveStr = Encoding.Default.GetString(bufferDate, 0, realLen);
                                  switch (receiveStr)
                                  {
                                      case "MEAS:VOLTage:ALL?\n":
                                          proxSocket.Send(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(r.Next(16,25).ToString()+ ","+r.Next(16, 25).ToString()+","+ r.Next(16, 25).ToString()));
                                          break;
                                      case "MEAS:CURR:ALL?\n":
                                          proxSocket.Send(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(r.Next(2, 5).ToString() + "," + r.Next(2, 5).ToString() + "," + r.Next(2, 5).ToString()));
                                          break;
                                      default:
                                          break;
                                  }
                                  this.Invoke(addTextDelegate, receiveStr + "from" + pSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + "\r\n");
                              }
                              catch (Exception ex)
                              {
                                  this.Invoke(addTextDelegate, pSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + "異常退出\r\n");
                                  socketList.Remove(pSocket);
                                  pSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                                  pSocket.Close();
                                  return;
                              }
                          }

在While迴圈中加入：

switch (receiveStr)

{

case "MEAS:VOLTage:ALL?\n":

proxSocket.Send(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(r.Next(16,25).ToString()+ ","+r.Next(16, 25).ToString()+","+ r.Next(16, 25).ToString()));

break;

case "MEAS:CURR:ALL?\n":

proxSocket.Send(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(r.Next(2, 5).ToString() + "," + r.Next(2, 5).ToString() + "," + r.Next(2, 5).ToString()));

break;

default:

break;

}

模擬電源，當收到電壓查詢時，傳送16~25中隨機數，由於電源是三個通道的，因此傳送三個隨機數，用逗號隔開。同樣收到電流查詢，傳送2~5之間的隨機數。

完整的客戶端原始碼：

public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
addTextDelegate = new AddTextDelegate(AddText);
}
private AddTextDelegate addTextDelegate;
private List<Socket> socketList = new List<Socket>();

public delegate void AddTextDelegate(string text);
private void AddText(string text)
{
txtLog.Text += text;
}

Random r = new Random();

private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//引數：定址方式傳輸資料方式通訊協議
Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);

IPAddress iPAddress = IPAddress.Parse(txtIP.Text);

//建立EndPoint
IPEndPoint iPEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(iPAddress, int.Parse(txtPort.Text));

//繫結埠
socket.Bind(iPEndPoint);

//開啟偵聽
socket.Listen(10);

txtLog.Text += "服務啟動開啟偵聽……\r\n";

Thread thread = new Thread((s) =>
{
Socket serSocket = (Socket)s;
while (true)//不斷接收客戶端連線
{
this.Invoke(addTextDelegate, "服務正在等待客戶端連線……\r\n");

//開始接收客戶端的連線
//阻塞當前執行緒，等待客戶端連線
//客戶端連線上之後，服務端自動生成一個socket和連線的客端通訊
Socket proxSocket = serSocket.Accept();

this.Invoke(addTextDelegate, "客戶端連線成功！\r\n" + proxSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());

//proxSocket.Send(Encoding.Default.GetBytes("連線成功！"));

socketList.Add(proxSocket);//當前通訊的socket放到集合中

new Thread(p =>
{
Socket pSocket = (Socket)p;
while (true)
{
try
{
byte[] bufferDate = new byte[1024];
int realLen = pSocket.Receive(bufferDate);

if (realLen <= 0)
{
this.Invoke(addTextDelegate, pSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + "退出\r\n");

socketList.Remove(pSocket);
//客戶端退出的時候會發送一個空位元組
pSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
pSocket.Close();

return;
}
string receiveStr = Encoding.Default.GetString(bufferDate, 0, realLen);
switch (receiveStr)
{
case "MEAS:VOLTage:ALL?\n":
proxSocket.Send(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(r.Next(16,25).ToString()+ ","+r.Next(16, 25).ToString()+","+ r.Next(16, 25).ToString()));
break;
case "MEAS:CURR:ALL?\n":
proxSocket.Send(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(r.Next(2, 5).ToString() + "," + r.Next(2, 5).ToString() + "," + r.Next(2, 5).ToString()));
break;
default:
break;
}
this.Invoke(addTextDelegate, receiveStr + "from" + pSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + "\r\n");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.Invoke(addTextDelegate, pSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + "異常退出\r\n");

socketList.Remove(pSocket);
pSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
pSocket.Close();
return;
}
}
})
{ IsBackground = true }.Start(proxSocket);
}
});
thread.IsBackground = true;
thread.Start(socket);

}

private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string str = txtSend.Text;
byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(str);
foreach (var socket in socketList)
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
socket.Send(data);
}
}
}
}

上位機實現客戶端功能。具體如下：

1、欄位和屬性

public readonly IPEndPoint TagetIPEP;

public bool IsConnected { get; set; } = false;

private Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp) { /*ReceiveTimeout=1000,SendTimeout=1000*/};

private Thread recListenThread;

public string ReceiveStr { get; set; }

public byte[] ReceiveByte { get; set; }

TagetIPEP是伺服器地址和埠。

IsConnected是連線的狀態，這個比較重要，在傳送和接收時，都要更加IsConnected進行，並更新IsConnected。

Socket用於和客戶端通訊。

recListenThread是監聽客戶端訊息的執行緒。

ReceiveStr和ReceiveByte用來儲存客戶端發來的訊息。

2、方法函式

連線方法：

 public bool Connect()
{
try
{
socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
{
//ReceiveTimeout = 1000,
//SendTimeout=1000
};

//IAsyncResult connResult = socket.BeginConnect(TagetIPEP.Address, TagetIPEP.Port, null, null);
//connResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(5000, true);
//if (connResult.IsCompleted)
//{
socket.Connect(TagetIPEP.Address, TagetIPEP.Port);
IsConnected = true;
//開啟接收監聽

recListenThread = new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
try
{
ReceiveByte = new byte[1024];
int realLen = socket.Receive(ReceiveByte);
ReceiveStr = Encoding.Default.GetString(ReceiveByte, 0, realLen);
ReceiveEvent();
if (realLen <= 0)
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
//伺服器退出
IsConnected = false;
Log.WriteLog("伺服器退出！");
socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
socket.Close();
MessageBox.Show("連線斷開！");
}
return;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
IsConnected = false;
Log.WriteLog("伺服器異常退出！", ex);
socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
socket.Close();
}
return;
}
}
})
{ IsBackground = true };
recListenThread.Start();
return true;
//}

}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Log.WriteLog(TagetIPEP.Address + "連線失敗", ex);
}
return false;
}

連線函式返回值為bool型別，根據返回值判斷連線是否成功連線。這裡每次連線都例項化了一個socket，因為在執行socket.close()後，重新開啟會失敗，而斷線重連會經常用到，沒有找到更好的方法，乾脆重新例項化socket。連線成功後，開啟監聽服務端訊息的執行緒。這裡使用了一個ReceiveEvent()事件，在接收到訊息時會觸發這個事件，重新整理UI介面。

傳送方法：

public bool Send(string msg)
{
byte[] sendMsg = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(msg);
if (sendMsg.Length > 0&&IsConnected)
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
try
{
socket.Send(sendMsg);
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
IsConnected = false;
Log.WriteLog("傳送資料失敗,目標地址" + TagetIPEP.Address, ex);
}
}
}

return false;

}

關閉方法：

public void Close()
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
IsConnected = false;
recListenThread.Abort();
Log.WriteLog("關閉連線！");
socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
socket.Close();
}
}

在出現異常時呼叫

訊息接收事件：

public event Action ReceiveEvent;

每次接收訊息時觸發，獲取屬性ReceiveStr和ReceiveByte的值，重新整理UI介面。

完整程式碼：

public class TCPClient
{
public TCPClient(/*IPEndPoint localIPEP,*/IPEndPoint targetIPEP)
{
//socket.Bind(localIPEP);
TagetIPEP = targetIPEP;

}

public readonly IPEndPoint TagetIPEP;

public bool IsConnected { get; set; } = false;

private Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp) { /*ReceiveTimeout=1000,SendTimeout=1000*/};

public bool Connect()
{
try
{
socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
{
//ReceiveTimeout = 1000,
//SendTimeout=1000
};

//IAsyncResult connResult = socket.BeginConnect(TagetIPEP.Address, TagetIPEP.Port, null, null);
//connResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(5000, true);
//if (connResult.IsCompleted)
//{
socket.Connect(TagetIPEP.Address, TagetIPEP.Port);
IsConnected = true;
//開啟接收監聽

recListenThread = new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
try
{
ReceiveByte = new byte[1024];
int realLen = socket.Receive(ReceiveByte);
ReceiveStr = Encoding.Default.GetString(ReceiveByte, 0, realLen);
ReceiveEvent();
if (realLen <= 0)
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
//伺服器退出
IsConnected = false;
Log.WriteLog("伺服器退出！");
socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
socket.Close();
MessageBox.Show("連線斷開！");
}
return;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
IsConnected = false;
Log.WriteLog("伺服器異常退出！", ex);
socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
socket.Close();
}
return;
}
}
})
{ IsBackground = true };
recListenThread.Start();
return true;
//}

}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Log.WriteLog(TagetIPEP.Address + "連線失敗", ex);
}
return false;
}

public bool Send(string msg)
{
byte[] sendMsg = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(msg);
if (sendMsg.Length > 0&&IsConnected)
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
try
{
socket.Send(sendMsg);
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
IsConnected = false;
Log.WriteLog("傳送資料失敗,目標地址" + TagetIPEP.Address, ex);
}
}
}

return false;

}

public event Action ReceiveEvent;

public string ReceiveStr { get; set; }

public byte[] ReceiveByte { get; set; }

public void Close()
{
if (socket != null && socket.Connected)
{
IsConnected = false;
recListenThread.Abort();
Log.WriteLog("關閉連線！");
socket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
socket.Close();
}
}

private Thread recListenThread;

}

前臺呼叫，宣告Timer定時器，每個一秒觸發一次。觸發事件如下：

private string flag = "";
private void QueryTimer_Elapsed(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
Now = DateTime.Now;

if (!tcp.Send("MEAS:VOLTage:ALL?\n"))
{
queryTimer.Enabled = false;
StartContent = "開始";
ConnContent = "連線";
tcp.IsConnected = false;
MessageBox.Show("查詢失敗！");
return;
}
flag = "V";
Thread.Sleep(50);

if (!tcp.Send("MEAS:CURR:ALL?\n"))
{
queryTimer.Enabled = false;
StartContent = "開始";
ConnContent = "連線";
tcp.IsConnected = false;
MessageBox.Show("查詢失敗！");
return;
}
flag = "C";

#region 測試
//angle += 18;
//if (angle > 360)
//{
//angle = 18;
//}

#endregion

}

重新整理UI介面的事件如下：

private void Tcp_ReceiveEvent()
{
Task.Run(() =>
{
Application.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
{
RemoteIP = tcp.TagetIPEP.ToString();
switch (flag)
{
case "V":
VoltValue = Math.Round(Convert.ToDouble(tcp.ReceiveStr.Split(',')[0]), 3);
break;
case "C":
CurrentValue = Math.Round(Convert.ToDouble(tcp.ReceiveStr.Split(',')[0]), 3);
break;
default:
break;
}

#region 測試
//VoltValue = Math.Round(Math.Sin((angle) * pi / 180) * 16 + 16, 3);
//CurrentValue = Math.Round(Math.Sin((angle) * pi / 180) * 2.5 + 2.5, 3);
#endregion

VoltValues.Add(VoltValue);
CurrentValues.Add(CurrentValue);

if (VoltValues.Count > 30)
{
VoltValues.RemoveAt(0);
CurrentValues.RemoveAt(0);
}
});
});
}

C# WPF上位機實現和下位機TCP通訊

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