Junit教程
摘要：
這裡入門junit 為單元測試做準備,,以前隨便寫的
https://junit.org/junit5/
githubhttps://github.com/junit-team/junit5/
依照的官方文件為htt...
這裡入門junit 為單元測試做準備,,以前隨便寫的
githubhttps://github.com/junit-team/junit5/
依照的官方文件為https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#overview-java-versions
此官方文件有中文版本https://sjyuan.cc/junit5/user-guide-cn/
什麼是Junit
自動化測試框架
示例工程
編寫測試
package com.ming.servlet;
import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
class CoverageSampleMethodsTest {
private final CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods();
@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
}
@AfterEach
void tearDown() {
}
@Test
@DisplayName("ming")
void testMethod() {
assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(1,2,3));
}
}
此時的maven工程
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.ming</groupId> <artifactId>messageBoard</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>messageBoard Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>tomcat</groupId> <artifactId>servlet</artifactId> <version>4.0.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.15</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId> <version>5.5.0-M1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId> <version>5.5.0-M1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId> <version>5.5.0-M1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>messageBoard</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
測試覆蓋率
行覆蓋
行覆蓋,為語句覆蓋,度量可執行的語句是否執行到
package com.ming.servlet;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
class CoverageSampleMethodsTest {
@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
}
@AfterEach
void tearDown() {
}
@Test
@DisplayName("testMethod")
void testMethod() {
CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods();
Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(1,2,0));
}
}
此時已經測試到了所有的行
條件判定覆蓋
判定中的每個可能的條件都執行一遍
package com.ming.servlet;
import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
class CoverageSampleMethodsTest {
@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
}
@AfterEach
void tearDown() {
}
@ParameterizedTest
@DisplayName("testMethod")
@CsvSource({
"0 ,2, 3",
"1, 0, 3",
})
void testMethod(int a, int b, int c) {
CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods();
Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(a,b,c));
}
}
可以看到兩個測試用例全部通過,此時三種條件全部覆蓋掉
分支覆蓋
程式中執行的分支都要覆蓋掉
條件組合覆蓋
條件組合覆蓋,判定中的所有條件各種組合都至少出現一次
package com.ming.servlet;
import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
class CoverageSampleMethodsTest {
@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
}
@AfterEach
void tearDown() {
}
@ParameterizedTest
@DisplayName("testMethod")
@CsvSource({
"1, 2, 3",
"1, 2, 0",
"1, 0, 3",
"0, 2, 3",
"0, 0, 3"
})
void testMethod(int a, int b, int c) {
CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods();
Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(a,b,c));
}
}
路徑覆蓋
測試到程式中的所有的可能的路徑
package com.ming.servlet;
import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
class CoverageSampleMethodsTest {
@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
}
@AfterEach
void tearDown() {
}
@ParameterizedTest
@DisplayName("testMethod")
@CsvSource({
"1, 2, 0",
"1, 0, 3",
"0, 0, 3"
})
void testMethod(int a, int b, int c) {
CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods();
Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(a,b,c));
}
}
|| 第一個條件為true不再計算後面的值
&& 第一個條件為false 不再計算後面的值
單元測試結構
package com.ming.servlet;
import com.sun.org.glassfish.gmbal.ParameterNames;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvFileSource;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
class CoverageSampleMethodsTest {
// 待測試的例項
private CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods;
// 定義整個測試開始的
// 全域性資源 外部資源,測試樁的建立
@BeforeAll
static void init(){
}
// 測試完成後執行的操作
// 全域性和外部資源的釋放和銷燬
@AfterAll
static void cleanup(){
}
// 每個測試用例開始的時候執行
// 基礎資料 測試環境
@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
}
// 完成後 資料清理
@AfterEach
void tearDown() {
}
// 測試用例
@Test
void testMethod(int a, int b, int c) {
CoverageSampleMethods coverageSampleMethods = new CoverageSampleMethods();
Assertions.assertTrue(coverageSampleMethods.testMethod(a,b,c));
}
}
斷言
用於自動化測試
這裡推薦Assertions