python網路作業：使用python的socket庫實現ICMP協議的ping

摘要： python測試開發專案實戰-目錄 ICMP ping是您遇到過的最常見的網路掃描型別。 開啟命令列提示符或終端並輸入pingwww.google.com 非常容易。 為什麼要在python中實現？ 很多名...

ofollow,noindex">python測試開發專案實戰-目錄

ICMP ping是您遇到過的最常見的網路掃描型別。 開啟命令列提示符或終端並輸入pingwww.google.com 非常容易。

為什麼要在python中實現？

• 很多名牌大學喜歡考試用python的socket庫實現ICMP協議的ping
• 個別環境沒有ping

直接上程式碼：

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 技術支援：https://www.jianshu.com/u/69f40328d4f0 
# 技術支援 https://china-testing.github.io/
# https://github.com/china-testing/python-api-tesing/blob/master/practices/ping.py
# 討論釘釘免費群21745728 qq群144081101 567351477
# CreateDate: 2018-11-22

import os 
import argparse 
import socket
import struct
import select
import time


ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST = 8 # Platform specific
DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 2
DEFAULT_COUNT = 4 


class Pinger(object):
""" Pings to a host -- the Pythonic way"""

def __init__(self, target_host, count=DEFAULT_COUNT, timeout=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
self.target_host = target_host
self.count = count
self.timeout = timeout


def do_checksum(self, source_string):
"""Verify the packet integritity """
sum = 0
max_count = (len(source_string)/2)*2
count = 0
while count < max_count:

val = source_string[count + 1]*256 + source_string[count]
sum = sum + val
sum = sum & 0xffffffff 
count = count + 2

if max_count<len(source_string):
sum = sum + ord(source_string[len(source_string) - 1])
sum = sum & 0xffffffff 

sum = (sum >> 16)+(sum & 0xffff)
sum = sum + (sum >> 16)
answer = ~sum
answer = answer & 0xffff
answer = answer >> 8 | (answer << 8 & 0xff00)
return answer

def receive_pong(self, sock, ID, timeout):
"""
Receive ping from the socket.
"""
time_remaining = timeout
while True:
start_time = time.time()
readable = select.select([sock], [], [], time_remaining)
time_spent = (time.time() - start_time)
if readable[0] == []: # Timeout
return

time_received = time.time()
recv_packet, addr = sock.recvfrom(1024)
icmp_header = recv_packet[20:28]
type, code, checksum, packet_ID, sequence = struct.unpack(
"bbHHh", icmp_header
)
if packet_ID == ID:
bytes_In_double = struct.calcsize("d")
time_sent = struct.unpack("d", recv_packet[28:28 + bytes_In_double])[0]
return time_received - time_sent

time_remaining = time_remaining - time_spent
if time_remaining <= 0:
return


def send_ping(self, sock,ID):
"""
Send ping to the target host
"""
target_addr=socket.gethostbyname(self.target_host)

my_checksum = 0

# Create a dummy heder with a 0 checksum.
header = struct.pack("bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, my_checksum, ID, 1)
bytes_In_double = struct.calcsize("d")
data = (192 - bytes_In_double) * "Q"
data = struct.pack("d", time.time()) + bytes(data.encode('utf-8'))

# Get the checksum on the data and the dummy header.
my_checksum = self.do_checksum(header + data)
header = struct.pack(
"bbHHh", ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST, 0, socket.htons(my_checksum), ID, 1
)
packet = header + data
sock.sendto(packet, (target_addr, 1))


def ping_once(self):
"""
Returns the delay (in seconds) or none on timeout.
"""
icmp = socket.getprotobyname("icmp")
try:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_RAW, icmp)
except socket.error as e:
if e.errno == 1:
# Not superuser, so operation not permitted
e.msg +="ICMP messages can only be sent from root user processes"
raise socket.error(e.msg)
except Exception as e:
print ("Exception: %s" %(e))

my_ID = os.getpid() & 0xFFFF

self.send_ping(sock, my_ID)
delay = self.receive_pong(sock, my_ID, self.timeout)
sock.close()
return delay


def ping(self):
"""
Run the ping process
"""
for i in range(self.count):
print ("Ping to %s..." % self.target_host,)
try:
delay=self.ping_once()
except socket.gaierror as e:
print ("Ping failed. (socket error: '%s')" % e[1])
break

if delay==None:
print ("Ping failed. (timeout within %ssec.)" % self.timeout)
else:
delay=delay * 1000
print ("Get pong in %0.4fms" % delay)



if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Python ping')
parser.add_argument('host', action="store", help=u'主機名')
given_args = parser.parse_args()
target_host = given_args.host
pinger = Pinger(target_host=target_host)
pinger.ping()

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執行

注意要有root或管理員許可權：

# python3 ping.py china-testing.github.io
Ping to china-testing.github.io...
Get pong in 160.7175ms
Ping to china-testing.github.io...
Get pong in 160.8465ms
Ping to china-testing.github.io...
Get pong in 12.0983ms
Ping to china-testing.github.io...
Get pong in 161.3324ms
# python3 ping.py www.so.com
Ping to www.so.com...
Get pong in 29.0303ms
Ping to www.so.com...
Get pong in 28.8599ms
Ping to www.so.com...
Get pong in 28.9860ms
Ping to www.so.com...
Get pong in 29.0167ms