linux基礎（二）Apache和Nginx原始碼安裝及報錯處理

摘要： Apache安裝步驟 1.下載所依賴檔案 wget -chttp://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.6.2.tar.gz wget -chttp://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-util-1....

Apache安裝步驟

1.下載所依賴檔案

wget -chttp://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.6.2.tar.gz
wget -chttp://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
wget -chttps://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.41.tar.gz
wget -chttp://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.37.tar.gz

2.分別解壓

tar -xfapr-1.6.2.tar.gz 
tar -xfapr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz 
tar -xfpcre-8.41.tar.gz
tar -xfhttpd-2.4.37.tar.gz

3.進行apr的安裝

[root@myredhat Desktop]# cd apr-1.6.2
[root@myredhat apr-1.6.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
此時若出現：
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
則：
yum install gcc-c++

[root@myredhat apr-1.6.2]# make#繼續安裝三步驟
[root@myredhat apr-1.6.2]# make install

4.apr-util的安裝

[root@myredhat apr-util-1.6.1]./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@myredhat apr-util-1.6.1]# make
此時若出現：
xml/apr_xml.c:434: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
xml/apr_xml.c:438: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
xml/apr_xml.c:442: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
xml/apr_xml.c:442: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘apr_xml_parser_geterror’:
xml/apr_xml.c:500: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
xml/apr_xml.c:500: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
make[1]: *** [xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/Desktop/apr-util-1.6.1'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
則執行：yum -y install expat-devel

[root@myredhat apr-util-1.6.1]# make#繼續三步驟
[root@myredhat apr-util-1.6.1]# make install
若在make中出現錯誤：則清除快取：make clean後執行相對應的操作

5.pcre的安裝

[root@myredhat Desktop]# cd pcre-8.41
[root@myredhat pcre-8.41]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
[root@myredhat pcre-8.41]# make
[root@myredhat pcre-8.41]# make install

6.apache的安裝

[root@myredhat Desktop]# cd httpd-2.4.37
[root@myredhat httpd-2.4.37]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre

若出現：
checking for pcre-config... false
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from [http://pcre.org/](http://pcre.org/)
則執行：yum –y install pcre-devel
後重新執行上一步
[root@myredhat httpd-2.4.37]# make 

在編譯時：若出現：
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_StopParser'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_Parse'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ErrorString'
/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetElementHandler'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [htpasswd] 錯誤 1
make[2]: 離開目錄“/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.28/support”
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] 錯誤 1
make[1]: 離開目錄“/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.28/support”
make: *** [all-recursive] 錯誤 1

則：
安裝yum install -y libxml2-devel
後執行：
[root@myredhat httpd-2.4.37]# rm -rf /usr/local/apr-util
[root@myredhat Desktop]# cd apr-util-1.6.1
# 這一步很重要，必須清除之前配置時的快取
[root@myredhat apr-util-1.6.1]# make clean
[root@myredhat apr-util-1.6.1] ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@myredhat apr-util-1.6.1] make ;make install
然後進入：http目錄
make clean#清除快取
重新./configure配置安裝
make && make install
yum –yinstall gcc-c++ expat-develpcre-devel

Nginx安裝步驟

1.使用yum安裝依賴檔案

yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel
注：使用yum安裝openssl-devel時，會自動安裝openssl,依次只用安裝openssl-devel就好

2.下載Nginx

wget -q http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz

3.解壓安裝

tar xfnginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
cdnginx-1.6.3
./configure --prefix=/application/nginx--user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
注：
--prefix=安裝位置
--user=USER 程序使用者許可權
--group=GROUP程序使用者組許可權
--with-http_stub_status_module 啟用狀態資訊
--with-http_ssl_module啟用ssl功能

4.啟動Nginx

/application/nginx/sbin/nginx –t

若出現：

nginx: [emerg] getpwnam("nginx") failed

/application/nginx/sbin/nginx-c/application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
注;此時就會平滑重啟,但是stop後又無法平滑重啟

關閉Nginx：

/application/nginx/sbin/nginx-sstop