python+selenium實現自動搶票

摘要： 使用說明 程式執行開始，需要輸入出發地，目的地，出發時間，乘客資訊，車次；乘客資訊和車次可以輸入多個 剛剛開始學習爬蟲，selenium僅僅是解放了雙手，執行效率不是很高； 程式執行時會開啟chrome瀏覽器，因為使用的是chrome的瀏覽器驅動； 相關文件 https://sel...

使用說明

程式執行開始，需要輸入出發地，目的地，出發時間，乘客資訊，車次；乘客資訊和車次可以輸入多個
剛剛開始學習爬蟲，selenium僅僅是解放了雙手，執行效率不是很高；
程式執行時會開啟chrome瀏覽器，因為使用的是chrome的瀏覽器驅動；

相關文件

https://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/installation.html#introduction

程式碼示例

# encoding: utf-8

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time


class Qiangpiao(object):

def __init__(self):
driver_path = "E:\py_pachong\chromedriver.exe"
# 瀏覽器驅動
self.drive = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driver_path)
# 登陸連結
self.login_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init"
# 登陸後的連結
self.initmy_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306"
# 查詢頁面
self.search_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init"
# 乘車人頁面
self.passenger_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc"

def wait_input(self):
"""
主要用於頁面稽核；
當輸入出發地，目的地，乘車時間後，會自動出發查詢submit
:return:
"""
self.from_station = input("出發地：")
self.to_station = input("目的地：")
self.depart_time = input("出發時間：")
self.passengers = input("乘客姓名：").split(",")
self.trains = input("車次：").split(",")

def _login(self):
"""
登陸驗證，登陸成功後會跳轉到 self.initmy_url
:return:
"""
self.drive.get(self.login_url)
WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.url_to_be(self.initmy_url)
)
print('登入成功')

def _order_ticket(self):
"""
只實現了在無票的情況下去刷票
最關鍵的是等待驗證WebDriverWait
:return:
"""
self.drive.get(self.search_url)
WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.text_to_be_present_in_element_value((By.ID, "fromStationText"), self.from_station)
)

WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.text_to_be_present_in_element_value((By.ID, "toStationText"), self.to_station)
)

WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.text_to_be_present_in_element_value((By.ID, "train_date"), self.depart_time)
)

WebDriverWait(self.drive, 10000).until(
EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, "query_ticket"))
)

searchBtn = self.drive.find_element_by_id("query_ticket")
searchBtn.click()

WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, ".//tbody[@id='queryLeftTable']/tr"))
)

# find_elements_by_xpath 返回的是一個列表
# find_element_by_xpath 返回的是一個元素
tr_list = self.drive.find_elements_by_xpath(".//tbody[@id='queryLeftTable']/tr[not(@datatran)]")

for tr in tr_list:
train_num = tr.find_element_by_class_name("number").text
# print(train_num)
if train_num in self.trains:
left_ticket_td = tr.find_element_by_xpath(".//td[4]").text
num = 1
while left_ticket_td == "無":
print("暫時無票，正在重新整理")
time.sleep(2)
searchBtn.click()
num += 1
print("搶票%s次" % num)

if left_ticket_td != "無":
print(train_num + "有票")
oderBtn = tr.find_element_by_xpath(".//td[13]/a")
oderBtn.click()

WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.url_to_be(self.passenger_url)
)

WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, ".//ul[@id='normal_passenger_id']/li"))
)

passenger_labels = self.drive.find_elements_by_xpath(
".//ul[@id='normal_passenger_id']/li/label")
for passenger_label in passenger_labels:
name = passenger_label.text
if name in self.passengers:
passenger_label.click()

submitBtn = self.drive.find_element_by_id("submitOrder_id")
submitBtn.click()

WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "dhtmlx_wins_body_outer"))
)

WebDriverWait(self.drive, 1000).until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "qr_submit_id"))
)

qr_submit = self.drive.find_element_by_id("qr_submit_id")
qr_submit.click()

def run(self):
self.wait_input()
self._login()
self._order_ticket()


if __name__ == '__main__':
spider = Qiangpiao()
spider.run()